scholarly journals The use of endoscopic cryoapplicator in liver and gallbladder surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
N. V. Merzlikin ◽  
M. A. Maksimov ◽  
V. F. Tskhai ◽  
V. N. Salo ◽  
P. S. Bushlanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Bile Leakage ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Cardiac Pacemakers ◽  
Local Destruction ◽  
Gallbladder Surgery

Purpose of the study. To investigate the efficacy of focal destruction tissues of local liver diseases, chole- and hemostasis of created endoscopic cryoapplicator in operations on the liver and gallbladder.Material and methods. Review the results of surgical treatment of 121 patients with various diseases of the liver (tumors, alveococcosis, parasitic and non-parasitic cysts) and gallbladder (chronic and acute cholecystitis) using a new endoscopic porous TiNi cryoapplicator. 49 patients were operated by an open method, 72 - laparoscopically. Hemo-and cholestatic control of the instrument was performed intraoperative and in postoperative period - by clinical condition of patient and by ultrasonography. Efficiency of destruction of focal liver diseases was investigated by histological examinations of surgical materials, is confirmed by the absence of relapses in the period from 4 to 6 years.The results. Cryoapplicator is simple in use, in sterilization, no energy consumption, can be used both in open surgery, particularly in arduous regions of the liver and laparoscopic procedures and, most importantly, patients with artificial cardiac pacemakers.Cryodestruction of the liver stump after its resection and the bed of the gallbladder after cholecystectomy reduces blood loss by 30-40%, and also helps to reduce the number of relapses of the disease. There were not observed bleeding and bile leakage in postoperative period. Histological examination proved picture of avascular necrosis, a violation of tissue structure of subjected to destruction liver focal diseases, death of epithelial lining of non-parasitic cysts and membranes of echinococcal cysts. There were not diseases recurrences in the period from 4 to 6 years.Conclusion. Endoscopic porous TiNi cryoapplicator is simple and convenient in use, it has a good hemo- and cholestatic effects, pronounced effect to local destruction of liver focal diseases, can be recommended for open and laparoscopic operations on liver.

Justification of technical parameters of an ultrasonic device for improvement of meat salting efficiency

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sergeevna Krasnikova ◽  
Natalya Lvovna Morgunova ◽  
Phelix Yakovlevich Rudik ◽  
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Krasnikov ◽  
Nikita Andreevich Semilet
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Tissue Microstructure ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Ultrasonic Device ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Local Destruction ◽  
Cross Striation

The results of a study of the effect of wet ultrasonic lamb meat salting on the muscle tissue microstructure are presented, and the technical parameters of the ultrasonic device are justified. It has been established that significant destruction and swelling of muscle fibers, local destruction of the sarcolemma with its pronounced rugosity are observed at ultrasonic salting with a frequency of 35 kHz, the cross-striation is poorly expressed, the tissue structure is disturbed. An ultrasonic salting with a frequency of 26 kHz was accompanied an increase in the number of transverse microcracks and crevices, loosening of muscle fibers, the formation of cavities between them while retention of the tissue structure, which contributes to the appearance of a brine between muscle fibers and accelerates its penetration into the fiber. It allows us to recommend ultrasound at a frequency of 26 kHz for cavitation activation of the brine to intensify the technological process of lamb meat salting.

scholarly journals Role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of liver diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (49) ◽  
pp. 1955-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klára Werling
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Mutant Proteins ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

Autophagy is a self-digestion process that plays an important role in the development, differentiation and homeostasis of cells, helping their survival during starvation and hypoxia. Accumulated mutant proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum can be degraded by autophagy in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Hepatitis C and B virus may exploit the autophagy pathway to escape the innate immune response and to promote their own replication. Autophagy is decreased in response to chronic alcohol consumption, likely due to a decrease in 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, increase in mTOR activity and due to an alteration in vesicle transport in hepatocytes. In obesity and alcoholic liver disease the decreased function of autophagy causes formation of Mallory-Denk bodies and cell death. The deficient autophagy can contribute to liver steatosis, to endoplasmic reticulum stress, and to progression of liver disease. Autophagy defect in hepatocellular carcinoma suggests that it can serve a tumor-suppressor function. The autophagy protein Beclin-1 levels have prognostic significance in liver tumors. Understanding of the molecular mechanism and the role of autophagy may lead to more effective therapeutic strategies in liver diseases in the future. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1955–1961.

Surgical Outcomes of Liver Resection Combined with Inferior Vena Cava Resection and Reconstruction with Artificial Vascular Graft

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshito Tomimaru ◽  
Hidetoshi Eguchi ◽  
Hiroshi Wada ◽  
Yuichiro Doki ◽  
Masaki Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Resection ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Bile Leakage ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava Resection ◽  
Ivc Resection

Background/Aim: Inferior vena cava (IVC) resection and reconstruction with concomitant liver resection sometimes represent the only chance for patients with liver tumors involving the IVC to get cured. However, surgical outcomes of liver resection with IVC resection and reconstruction using an artificial vascular graft have not been well investigated. Methods: Out of a total of 1,179 cases, only 12 involving liver resection between 1998 and 2016 at our institution included IVC resection and reconstruction using an artificial vascular graft. An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft was used for the IVC reconstruction in all 12 cases. We investigated the surgical outcomes of these combined surgeries. Results: The median operative time was 650 min and the median blood loss was 2,600 mL. Postoperative complications (≥ grade III in the Clavien-Dindo classification) developed in 2 patients – 1 case of bleeding and one of bile leakage. There were no cases of operative mortality. No complications associated with the vascular graft were observed throughout the postoperative follow-up period, and the grafts remained patent in all cases. Conclusions: These results indicate favorable surgical outcomes of liver resection combined with IVC resection and reconstruction.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Unrecognized and Uncommon Bladder Perforation after Transobturator Tape Procedure

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercüment Kılınç ◽  
Yaşam Kemal Akpak
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Transobturator Tape ◽  
Bladder Perforation ◽  
Woman Patient ◽  
Significant Step

The transobturator tape (TOT) procedure has become practically widespread worldwide. Complications seem to be rare, but recognizing them intraoperatively is the most significant step because some of the complications which may appear in postoperative period can be challenging for both physicians and patients. The purpose of this case, with this patient who was operated on with open surgery, is to evaluate this rarely seen unrecognized and uncommon bladder perforation after TOT procedure and thus make some contribution to the literature. Here, we present a case report about the treatment of a 48-year-old woman patient with unrecognized and uncommon bladder perforation after TOT procedure, 5 months postoperatively. Cystoscopic evaluation is not recommended routinely, but it must be performed if the patient is complicated enough to create doubt and also the surgeon's skill and ability are not sufficient enough to operate decently.

Vergleich der klinischen Wertigkeit eines iterativen Rekonstruktionsverfahrens mit der gefilterten Rückprojektion bei der SPECT der Leber

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
W. Müller-Schauenburg ◽  
H. Luig ◽  
W. Eschner ◽  
U. Feine ◽  
P. Reuland
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Method ◽  
Iterative Reconstruction ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Back Projection ◽  
Filtered Back Projection ◽  
Reconstruction Procedure ◽  
Irregular Pattern ◽  
Multiple Metastases ◽  
Homogeneous Pattern

We have tested an iterative reconstruction procedure against the usual filtered back-projection in 14 patients with SPECT-examinations of various liver diseases. The aim of the examinations was to assess the presence of liver tumors in most cases. Further indications were Budd-Chiari syndromes and a liver malconfiguration in one case. Three of six haemangiomas and both liver metastases were better delineated with the iterative method, in one patient the haemangioma was visible only with this method. An irregular pattern after filtered back-projection led to misinterpretation as multiple metastases in another patient in whom there was no irregularity after iteration. Diagnostic improvement was not reached in the Budd-Chiari syndromes or in an atypical liver configuration, with a more homogeneous pattern after iteration however. The iterative reconstruction procedure was superior to the filtered back- projection method in the detection of small focal liver diseases.

scholarly journals Assessment of the skin tissue structure using an ultrasonic diagnostic imaging device in patients undergoing open surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-829
Author(s):  
Fumiya Oohashi ◽  
Takashi Suto ◽  
Hiroki Matsui ◽  
Ken Shirabe ◽  
Yoko Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Imaging Device

scholarly journals Autophagy and liver cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-617
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Chao ◽  
Hui Qian ◽  
Shaogui Wang ◽  
Sam Fulte ◽  
Wen-Xing Ding
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Early Tumor ◽  
Catabolic Process

Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that degrades cytosolic proteins and organelles via formation of autophagosomes that fuse with lysosomes to form autolysosomes, whereby autophagic cargos are degraded. Numerous studies have demonstrated that autophagy plays a critical role in the regulation of liver physiology and homeostasis, and impaired autophagy leads to the pathogenesis of various liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, alcohol associated liver diseases (AALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and liver cancer. Recent evidence indicates that autophagy may play a dual role in liver cancer: inhibiting early tumor initiation while promoting progression and malignancy of already formed liver tumors. In this review, we summarized the progress of current understanding of how hepatic viral infection, alcohol consumption and diet-induced fatty liver diseases impair hepatic autophagy. We also discussed how impaired autophagy promotes liver tumorigenesis, and paradoxically how autophagy is required to promote the malignancy and progression of liver cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying how autophagy differentially affects liver cancer development and progression may help to design better therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment of liver cancer.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic management of cholecystocolic fistula

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro Massaud CONDE ◽  
Pedro Monnerat TAVARES ◽  
Jorge Luiz Delduque QUINTES ◽  
Ronny Queiroz CHERMONT ◽  
Mario Castro Alvarez PEREZ
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Gallbladder Disease ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Laparoscopic Management ◽  
Colonic Segment ◽  
Conversion Procedure ◽  
Cholecystocolic Fistula

INTRODUCTION: Cholecystocolic fistula is a rare complication of gallbladder disease. Its clinical presentation is variable and nonspecific, and the diagnosis is made, mostly, incidentally during intraoperative maneuver. Cholecystectomy with closure of the fistula is considered the treatment of choice for the condition, with an increasingly reproducible tendency to the use of laparoscopy. AIM: To describe the laparoscopic approach for cholecystocolic fistula and ratify its feasibility even with the unavailability of more specific instruments. TECHNIQUE: After dissection of the communication and section of the gallbladder fundus, the fistula is externalized by an appropriate trocar and sutured manually. Colonic segment is reintroduced into the cavity and cholecystectomy is performed avoiding the conversion procedure to open surgery. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy for resolution of cholecystocolic fistula isn't only feasible, but also offers a shorter stay at hospital and a milder postoperative period when compared to laparotomy.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Technique to Classify Cirrhotic Liver Using Texture Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-670
Author(s):  
Mehrun Nisa ◽  
Saeed Ahmad Buzdar ◽  
Sadia Riaz ◽  
Mustansar Mahmood Warraich ◽  
Muhammad Saeed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Malignant Liver ◽  
Almost All

Texture analysis is an outstanding and fundamental task being used in many medical and computer vision applications. Malfunctioning of the human liver upsets almost all the other organs in the human body. Usually liver infections are difficult to analyze because of inconclusive side effects. More often, the liver could be confronting critically but it may not be significantly unveiled. The main objective of this research work is to provide some standard liver diagnostic measures to minimize the risk factors, as better diagnosis is essential requirement in radiology. The Computerized Tomography (CT) contributes important information to the clinical evaluation of diffuse liver diseases. Haralick texture parameters have been computed on the selected Regions of Interest. B11 is used for discrimination and interpretation of normal and cirrhotic liver diseases. Normal and diseased Liver CT images were collected from Bahawal Victoria Hospital. Normal and cirrhotic liver samples of clinically verified patients were obtained and total 900 Regions of Interest (ROIs) were taken from the selected data. Training of the classes was next step after texture parameter computation. In this work, supervised classification method was used to classify the selected images. In this way, the classes were trained in a supervised manner. The maximum accuracy obtained during this research work was 100%, linear dimensionality was 1 and the linear separability was 0.99%. Results of this research work suggested that texture parameters have high degree of reliability to automatically discriminate similar tissue textures, when regions are obvious. This framework separates benign from malignant liver tumors with moderately high precision and is therefore link up the psychophysics with machine vision to outline, recognize, categorize or discriminate textures.

scholarly journals Radiofrequency thermal destruction in current treatment of liver malignancies. Literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
B. I. Dolgushin ◽  
V. Yu. Kosyrev ◽  
E. R. Virshke ◽  
V. N. Sholokhov ◽  
D. V. Martynkov
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Liver Malignancies ◽  
Absolute Priority ◽  
Local Destruction

Radiofrequency thermal destruction (thermoablation) remains one of the most popular methods of local destruction of liver tumors. There are perennial international experience in oncology, numerous trials and practical issues are rarely discussed. However, there are still strategic questions: when, to whom, in what cases. In fact, specialists recognizing effective impact do not always sure when thermoablation potential will be realized as much as possible. In this review the authors summarized world experience of liver malignancies thermoablation and tried to identify key positions in determining treatment strategy using this approach. Interdisciplinary approach is an absolute priority in optimal treatment of these patients.

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