The Gwanwu belief in Korea around the 20th century : center on the north and west Guan temples and the worship of the Go jong royal family

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 321-338
Author(s):  
Yichi Lee ◽  
Yongsu Han
Keyword(s):  
Royal Family ◽  
The North

Achehnese Control over West Sumatra up to the Treaty of Painan, 1663

1969 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kathirithamby-Wells
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Central Control ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Central Sumatra

The west Sumatran coast between Barus in the north and Inderapura in the south, which came under Achehnese rule, was originally part of the Minangkabau kingdom which developed in the fourteenth century and reigned supreme in central Sumatra up to about the end of the following century The Padang lowlands and the coastal region up to the northern border of Silebar were considered in the Alam Minangkabau as part of the rantau, or acquired territories, as different from the darat, or nucleus of the kingdom formed by the 3 luaks (or districts) of Agam, Tanah Data and Lima Puloh Kota. The important distinction between the darat and the rantau was that the former was administered on genealogical principles with a penghulu at the head of each negeri in the luak while the rantau was divided into several parts and was under the territorial rule of various rajas who were members of the royal family.2 Beneath the rajas appointed by the central administration at Pagarruyong were minor rajas and penghulus selected from amongst the local inhabitants who were in charge of the various districts. In return for the help and protection provided by the darat, especially in times of trouble, the negeris in the rantau were obliged to pay homage and tribute to Pagarruyong, a duty which they evaded during periods of weak central control, as at the end of the fifteenth century.

La città dei re di Cirene

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Parisi Presicce
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
North African ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The North ◽  
African Coast

AbstractIt is becoming increasingly clear that, beginning from the Late Bronze age, links between the Aegean world and the North African coast remained unbroken except perhaps for a brief interlude immediately after the foundation of the Phoenician colonies in the area between the Gulf of Syrte and what is now Tunisia. The example of Cyrene, which has not received the attention it merits outside the narrow circle of Libyan experts, is one of the most clear-cut and eloquent. Even though the paucity of finds and their provenance from infill call for caution, reanalysis of the archaeological record—which has recently gained an important new component—sheds fresh light on the Phoenician colonial process as a whole. The reanalysis, whatever one's point of view, should not be restricted by conventional chronology, and should encourage us to reconsider other accepted ideas about the growth of the original settlement and the links between the Battiad royal family and other members of the Cyrenaican community.

scholarly journals TERRITORIAL ANALISYS OF KERATON KANOMAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 190-204
Author(s):  
Pandu Adikara Hidayat Nugrahadi ; Franseno Pujianto
Keyword(s):  
Residential Area ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
East Side ◽  
Market Place ◽  
The North ◽  
Massive Growth ◽  
North Side ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
Movie Theatre

AbstractKeraton Kanoman is an important building in the history of Cirebon city. Keraton Kanoman was built on 1678, where it was intended as a government building and a key point of the spreading of Islam in Sunda regions. The territory of Keraton Kanoman is strengthened by the presence of Kanoman Mosque in the west side of the keraton, also the presence of Kanoman Market Centre in the east side, while in the north side of the keraton lies the city square or alun-alun. There’s a residential area built surrounding Keraton Kanoman. The residential area was inhabited by the royal family as well as their servant or abdi dalem, this residential area was dubbed magersari. Magersari serves a purpose to the keraton, it is to be used as a barrier that protects the keraton from invaders and to exist as a marker that defines the keraton’s territorial area. Magersari was built in a 100 meters radius around the keraton.In the year of 1924, the Dutch colonial built a huge market place on the north side of keraton, continuing Pasar Kanoman in the east side. This development was done in order to lessen the influence of Keraton Kanoman to the locals and to deface its existence to the surrounding buildings. The new Pasar Kanoman was equipped with a movie theatre so the locals would go to the movies instead of joining the hearings in the keraton. The new Pasar Kanoman was so massive and tall in scale compared to Keraton Kanoman. Pasar Kanoman blocks the keraton entirely from the front side, hiding the keraton from the main roads and inhibiting its main access. Because of the growth that happened to the commercial area, the residential area also grew accordingly. The residential area used to be inhabited only by the royal family and their servants, but in the 1970s the settlements grew exponentially and was inhabited by outsiders.The new Pasar Kanoman and also the uncontrollable growth of the residential area invades the territory of Keraton Kanoman and thus, diminish its existence and hides it from the main roads. This invasion towards the territory of keraton takes shape in the change of land functions and activity.The purpose of this study Is to find out the territorial system of Keraton Kanoman in the existing physical order of the research location. The territorial system is studied by the types of territory and activites which occurs in the Kanoman region.This study uses descriptive method with place centered mapping technique. The data used was gathered by studying literatures of Keraton Kanoman’s history, building mapping on the site, and from interviews with the royal family and some of their servants. From analyzing the data based on the theory that is used to define territory, the results stated that there’s hierarchy order of territory, ranging from peripheral territory to central territory that holds the highest hierarchy. The central territory resides within the keraton building complex, while the peripheral lies within Keraton Kanoman’s jurisdiction. But there’s a lack of keraton’s existence and markings in the main road and access towards the keraton main ground, where there should be clear markings and indications that it is a part of Keraton Kanoman’s territory.This was caused by the massive growth on the commercial area and the new Pasar Kanoman building which was built on the north side of Keraton Kanoman.  Key Words: personalization, territory, territorial system, Keraton Kanoman

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

An ultrastructural study of sertoli cells in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Taber A. Ba-Omar ◽  
Philip F. Prentis
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
The North ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Group B ◽  
Geographically Isolated

We have recently carried out a study of spermiogenic differentiation in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar (freshwater teleost), with a view to ascertaining variation at the ultrastructural level. The sampling areas were the Jebel Al Akhdar in the north (Group A) and the Dhofar region (Group B) in the south. Specimens from each group were collected, the testes removed, fixed in Karnovsky solution, post fixed in OsO, en bloc stained with uranyl acetate and then routinely processed to Agar 100 resin, semi and ultrathin sections were prepared for study.

SEM and TEM observations of sperm development in the testis of the freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Daryl A. Cornish ◽  
George L. Smit
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sem And Tem ◽  
Sperm Development ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
The University

Oreochromis mossambicus is currently receiving much attention as a candidater species for aquaculture programs within Southern Africa. This has stimulated interest in its breeding cycle as well as the morphological characteristics of the gonads. Limited information is available on SEM and TEM observations of the male gonads. It is known that the testis of O. mossambicus is a paired, intra-abdominal structure of the lobular type, although further details of its characteristics are not known. Current investigations have shown that spermatids reach full maturity some two months after the female becomes gravid. Throughout the year, the testes contain spermatids at various stages of development although spermiogenesis appears to be maximal during November when spawning occurs. This paper describes the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of the testes and spermatids.Specimens of this fish were collected at Syferkuil Dam, 8 km north- west of the University of the North over a twelve month period, sacrificed and the testes excised.

Skeletochronology and mark–recapture assessments of growth in the North African agamid lizard (Agama impalearis)

1999 ◽  
Vol 249 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
El Hassan El Mouden ◽  
Mohammed Znari ◽  
Richard P. Brown
Keyword(s):  
North African ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Agamid Lizard ◽  
The North
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