Palaeontological surveys in Central Sumatra and Bangka

We report on results from surveys undertaken in Sumatra during 2018 and 2019. The surveys had three objectives: (1) to examine, sample, and record the extensive Quaternary fossil deposits from caves in West Sumatra; (2) determine the potential for fluvial deposits in Riau and Jambi provinces; and (3) relocate the fossil proboscidean remains reported from Bangka Island. Our surveys produced several significant results. We mapped three important Padang Highland caves, Ngalau Lida Ajer, Ngalau Sampit, and Ngalau Gupin, locating and sampling the main fossil deposits in each, as well as recording additional caves in the region. Our surveys of the fluvial systems in central-west Sumatra did not reveal any vertebrate Pleistocene deposits but did yield Mio-Pliocene trace fossils. Finally, we relocated elephant fossils from Bangka, but no in situ vertebrate remains could be found. These finds add important new data to the geological history of Sumatra.

Geological interpretation of offshore Central Sumatra basin using topex satellite gravity data

Topex is a geodetic satellite to map earth surface topography with very high precision. Two types of data can be obtained from Topex satellite, namely topographic and free-air gravity field data. Then, it is processed to produce Bouguer anomaly which will be used to interpret the subsurface geology of a specific study area. The purpose of this study was to delineate sedimentary basin and basement configurations. The methods used in this research are spectral analysis, band-pass filter and 2D forward modeling. The spectral analysis results show the average thickness of the sedimentary rocks is 2.1 km. Sub-basin patterns based on the band-pass filter are 7 sedimentary sub-basins and the structural patterns found in this area comprise basement height, graben and fault. The 2D modeling results show that the bedrock in the eastern part of the Central Sumatra basin is granitic with a mass density value of 2.67 gr/cc and the layer above the bedrock is interpreted as a sedimentary rock with a mass density value of 2.35 gr/cc. Analysis of the gravity data shows significant results as initial information to delineate sedimentary sub-basin and regional structure to enhance information to the next stage of hydrocarbon exploration.

Depositional sequence interpretation using seismic and well data of offshore Central Sumatra Basin

Offshore Central Sumatra Basin is an integral part of Central Sumatra Basin known for producing hydrocarbon basins. The derivation of stratigraphic study of seismic and well data is intended to improve accuracy of geological interpretation. Sequence stratigraphy studies have a significant role in exploratory studies to determine which depositional sequence can be inferred as hydrocarbon reservoir and its correlation in petroleum system. This study aims to identify biogenic gas sequential interpretation using seismic and well data of offshore Central Sumatra Basin. The procedure to analyze sequence stratigraphy is to identify stratigraphy surface markers using GR log, then map these markers to the seismic section that has been tied with good data to determine the distribution of each stratigraphy sequence. This study area has five depositional sequences, which are predominantly formed in marine depositional environments. Potential source rock in this area is at DS-1 which has a lacustrine depositional environment with euxinic conditions. The euxinic shale at the upper TST-1 deposit could be a source rock with hydrocarbon migration through faults. Biogenic gas reservoir potential is in Petani Formation (DS-5). Shale in MFS-5 and HST-5 could be a hydrocarbon trap, whereas LST-5 and TST-5 sandstone deposits can be a reservoir.

Analisis Kinerja Virtual Router Redudancy Protocol (VRRP) Di Mikrotik Router Pada Dirjen Sumber Daya Air Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai Sumatera VIII

This research is based on the observations and experiences of researchers, that now the internet has become a basic need for an agency, almost all Directorates of Water Resources (SDA) have a computer network. The Directorate of Water Resources (SDA) Central Sumatra River Basin VIII has implemented a network to support the performance of the Directorate of Water Resources (SDA), but still has problems where the network often experiences disconnections due to damage, interference with switches, damage to cables and network connectors. and Hang routers. To meet the internet needs at the Directorate of Water Resources (SDA) Central Sumatra VIII River Basin, stable internet is needed, therefore a failover method is needed. The problem in this research is that there are frequent disturbances in the internet network. The transfer of the main internet line to the backup path is done manually. Given how important the network is to support performance at the Directorate of Water Resources (SDA), the authors suggest to create a failover backup system for Mikrotik routers in the Directorate of Water Resources (SDA). This research uses the Action Research development method, which consists of Diagnostic, Action planning, action taking, evaluating and e-learning. With this application, it is hoped that if there is a problem with the router device, it will not interfere with the use of the existing network. On the internet network of the Directorate of Water Resources (SDA) Central Sumatra River Region VIII.

Evaporation Climate Zonation Based on Observation Data in Indonesia Using Cluster Analysis

Identification of regional evaporation zones is very important because information on the classification of evaporation patterns in an area can be used for various purposes, one of which is knowing the amount of water in the reservoir that is lost due to evaporation. In this study, the evaporation zone in Indonesia was created using cluster analysis. The evaporation data from 127 BMKG observation stations for 6 years from 2014 to 2019 were used after the normal monthly calculation was then standardized with mean = 0 and standard deviation = 1 to ensure that all variables were given the same weight so that it became the 127 x 12 matrix used in the analysis. Hierarchical cluster analysis was chosen to regionalize evaporation. Five different techniques are applied to initially determine the most suitable method for the area. Cluster stability is also tested. It was decided that the Ward method is the most likely to produce acceptable results in this evaporation variable. 3 different classifications of evaporation zones are found in Indonesia. Evaporation zone 1 forms a seasonal cycle with one peak evaporation that occurs with the highest peak occurring in August and the minimum evaporation occurring in February in areas in the northern and central regions of Sumatra island, eastern Kalimantan, parts of Java island, North Sulawesi and West Papua. Evaporation zone 2 forms a seasonal cycle with two peaks that occur in December and March and minimum evaporation occurs in June which is in the southern region of the island of Sumatra, almost the entire island of Kalimantan, a small part of the island of Java, central Sulawesi, the archipelago. Maluku as well as the northern island of Papua. Evaporation zone 3 forms a seasonal cycle with one peak evaporation that occurs in October and the minimum evaporation occurs in June which is in a small area of the island of Central Sumatra, South Kalimantan, the west coast of Sulawesi, and all parts of the island of Nusa Tenggara.

Economic valuation of water services related to protected forest management: a case of Bukit Batabuh in the RIMBA corridor, Central Sumatra, Indonesia

The context of daily household needs of rural communities, particularly the needs for water, often remains insufficiently considered in tropical forest management as it is facing an important decision-making trade-off between profit and preservation. We conducted a choice experiment study to elicit preferences of the rural community members in Central Sumatra, Indonesia, who perpetually depend on the ecosystem services of tropical forests. To inform a spatial planning policy for the protected forest, we focus on the valuation of water services in the protected forest area of Bukit Batabuh where the surrounding communities living rely on upstream watershed and water storage management. We find that those communities have a strict preference for improving forest water provisioning services, compared to the current situation (status quo), with the estimated aggregate benefit of non-commercial use ranging between USD 2.71 million and USD 2.47 million per year for each of the options of (1) maintaining and enhancing water storage, (2) rehabilitating forest in the upper watershed or (3) restoring the riparian forest. This study also identifies preference attributes, such as water storage capacity, water scarcity and water turbidity which can be used in other tropical landscape contexts in Indonesia and beyond.

The Relationship of Organic Components to Source Rocks Types Based on Biomarker Data at Central Sumatra Basin

A biomarker study is used to observe the quality level of a hydrocarbon compound deposited on the source rock. The presence of Botryococcus braunii algae, Pediastrum algae, and other lacustrine algae is thought to be a contributing factor to petroleum in lacustrine basins throughout Southeast Asia. Botryococcus braunii is a group of green algae and belongs to the Trebouxiophyceae class. The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship between organic compounds and the type of source rock in the Central Sumatra Basin. The Central Sumatra Basin is a back-arc basin that develops along the edge of the Sunda shelf in Southeast Asia. This basin was formed by the moving of the submergence of the Indian Ocean plate relative to the North and infiltrates the Asian Continent plate. The data used in this study is taken from several literatures/references in biomarker analysis where qualitative analysis was carried out, such as: matching the readings of compounds contained in the chromatogram and associate them with classification in some existing literatures where the selection of organic components that had an effect on geological analysis was carried out. An explanation of some of the data obtained along with the chromatogram and geological analysis and interpretation can be seen in this paper. Some conclusions can be drawn from this research in the form of qualitative analysis of organic components to define the maturity of the hydrocarbon and suspect the source organic materials of the hydrocarbon in source rocks. The explanation of the main biomarkers that must be considered when analyzing oil or source rock samples is to know the characteristic of the hydrocarbon and correlate it with reaction during the deposition.

The Study of The Architectural Characteristics of Rumah Godong of The Anak Dalam Tribe in Sumatra

The Anak Dalam tribe (Suku Anak Dalam or Suku Kubu or Orang Rimba) is one of the tribes in Central Sumatra. This tribe still lives simply and depends on nature in the forest. This tribe has its own very simple traditional house, which indicates the earliest vernacular houses in Sumatra, especially in the "Malay" or Malayic-speaking areas of Central Sumatra. However, a comprehensive study of the architectural characteristics of Rumah Godong is still not well available. What are the characteristics of Rumah Godong? Suku Anak Dalam This research uses a qualitative method approach to descriptively analyze case objects in the field. The results of this study provide a description of the architectural characteristics of Rumah Godong.

The Study of The Architectural Characteristics of ‘Umah of The Sakai Tribe in Sumatra

The Sakai Tribe or Oghang Daghek (Orang Darat) live simply and depend on nature in the forest and on the banks of rivers. This tribe is one of the tribes in the Central Sumatra region that has ties to the Minangkabau Tribe. The traditional house itself is very simple, which has the characteristics of an early vernacular house in Sumatra. However, a clear and scientific study of the architectural characteristics of this house is still incomplete. What are the characteristics of the Sakai Tribe House? This research was conducted using a qualitative method approach to analyze the object of the case directly in the field descriptively. The purpose of this study is to find the characteristics of this tribal traditional house. This research resulted in the architectural characteristics of the Sakai Tribe.