scholarly journals A hybrid approach of simulation and metaheuristic for the polyhedra packing problem

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán Fernando Pantoja-Benavides ◽  
David Álvarez-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Tabu Search ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Packing Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Transition Operators ◽  
Short Time

This document presents a simulation-based method for the polyhedra packing problem (PPP). This problem refers to packing a set of irregular polyhedra (convex and concave) into a cuboid with the objective of minimizing the cuboid’s volume, considering non-overlapping and containment constraints. The PPP has applications in additive manufacturing and packing situations where volume is at a premium. The proposed approach uses Unity® as the simulation environment and considers nine intensification and two diversification movements. The intensification movements induce the items within the cuboid to form packing patterns allowing the cuboid to decrease its size with the help of gravity-like accelerations. On the other hand, the diversification movements are classic transition operators such as removal and filling of pieces and enlargement of the container, which allow searching on different solution neighborhoods. All simulated movements were hybridized with a probabilistic tabu search. The proposed methodology (with and without the hybridization) was compared by benchmarking with all previous works solving the PPP with irregular items. Results show that satisfactory solutions were reached in a short time; even a few published results were improved.

Der Erzieher als Manager

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-530
Author(s):  
Diana Lohwasser
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Time Diagnosis

Abstract The Educator as a Manager. A Critical View In the following article tasks and motifs of the educator as manager are described. It is clear that there are other educator metaphors and associated behaviors. To some extent, the actions of the different educator metaphors overlap, but they differ in their purpose and perspective on the educational process and the person to be educated. First, a short time diagnosis is made, which describes the context of this metaphor of the educator as manager. Subsequently, on the one hand, the various motifs, tasks and objectives of an educator as manager are discussed. On the other hand, it is asked if it is possible in the current discourse to take a different perspective on the educational process.

scholarly journals Amide-Type Substrates in the Synthesis of N-Protected 1-Aminomethylphosphonium Salts

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Dominika Kozicka ◽  
Paulina Zieleźny ◽  
Karol Erfurt ◽  
Jakub Adamek
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Work Up

Herein we describe the development and optimization of a two-step procedure for the synthesis of N-protected 1-aminomethylphosphonium salts from imides, amides, carbamates, or lactams. Our “step-by-step” methodology involves the transformation of amide-type substrates to the corresponding hydroxymethyl derivatives, followed by the substitution of the hydroxyl group with a phosphonium moiety. The first step of the described synthesis was conducted based on well-known protocols for hydroxymethylation with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde. In turn, the second (substitution) stage required optimization studies. In general, reactions of amide, carbamate, and lactam derivatives occurred at a temperature of 70 °C in a relatively short time (1 h). On the other hand, N-hydroxymethylimides reacted with triarylphosphonium salts at a much higher temperature (135 °C) and over longer reaction times (as much as 30 h). However, the proposed strategy is very efficient, especially when NaBr is used as a catalyst. Moreover, a simple work-up procedure involving only crystallization afforded good to excellent yields (up to 99%).

Voltage-Current (V-I) Characteristics of 1.5kV Class pn Junctions with p-Well Structures on (0001) 4H-SiC

2009 ◽  
Vol 615-617 ◽  
pp. 683-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryouji Kosugi ◽  
T. Sakata ◽  
Y. Sakuma ◽  
K. Suzuki ◽  
Tsutomu Yatsuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Annealing Condition ◽  
Test Element ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Pn Junctions ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Diode Voltage ◽  
Ion Implanted

We have fabricated the four pn-type junction TEGs (Test Element Groups) having different structure. Those TEGs are close to the double-implanted (Di) MOSFETs, step by step from the simple pn diode. Voltage-current (V-I) characteristics of the hundred TEGs having p-well structure show similar blocking characteristics of those of simple pn diodes on the same wafer. This indicates that the p-well structure itself does not cause a significant deterioration on the blocking yield. On the other hand, the yield is significantly influenced by the annealing condition for ion-implanted layer. The oxide-related hard breakdown on the JFET region dominates the blocking yield. The reach-through breakdown of the TEGs having the n+ region within each p-well becomes largely suppressed by the high-temperature and short-time annealing.

scholarly journals The Role of Memory in the Perception of the Screen Image

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Vitaly Fyodorovich Poznin
Keyword(s):  
Human Memory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Screen Image ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
Psychology Of Art

The article investigates one of the aspects of psychology of art, namely, the role of different types of human memory — sensory, long-time, short-time — in the forming of an artistic image in the perception of an audiovisual entity. The audience’s perception of such specific cinematic methods as pan shot and dolly shot, as well as different types of parallel, associative and distance montage rests on the peculiarities of our short-time and long-time memory. On the other hand, the complex polyphonic combination of various visual chronotopes in modern films is based on the imitation of memory typical for our dreams.

scholarly journals A Two-level Calculus for Composing Hybrid QVT Transformations

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pons ◽  
Roxana Giandini ◽  
Gabriela Pérez ◽  
Gabriel Baum
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
The Other ◽  
Model Transformations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Transformation Approach ◽  
Compositional Approaches ◽  
Composition Technique

The standard for model transformations QVT offers two dialects: Relations Language andOperational Mappings Language. Each one of these dialects can be used in isolation, resulting inpurely declarative transformations or purely imperative transformation respectively; alternatively, bothdialects can be combined resulting in a hybrid transformation approach. On the other hand, theavailability of compositional approaches to produce complex transformations from smaller units is amajor concern in the area of model transformations. Compositional approaches for pure QVTtransformations are supported by a number of tools; however no composition technique exists that canconsistently manage the hybrid approach. Such partial techniques provide suitable answers to mostpractical needs; but they do not cover the entire composition spectrum. The aim of this article is todescribe a technique for composing model transformations embracing both dimensions - declarativeand imperative - so that the hybrid approach can be smoothly supported. Additionally, we report theimplementation of a software tool supporting such technique and we sketch its validation.

Über die Beziehungen zwischen Eizahl und Eigewicht bei Fischen

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans M. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Tilapia Mossambica ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Exact Correlation

The number of eggs per clutch in Tilapia mossambica (Cichlidae, Teleostei) greatly increases with bodyweight. But the values are scattered within wide limits. On the other hand a very exact correlation is shown, if one compares the weight of the clutches with the bodyweights. That means, that the fish either produce relatively few large eggs or relatively many small eggs, in such a way, that for every bodyweight there is given a definite total clutchweight. The animal is ready to spawn, when this relationship is reached. The clutch remains in this condition for only a short time. If no spawning takes place, than the eggs are resorbed, and a new clutch is formed. After investigation of the developmental history one can propose, that at the beginning of clutch formation there are individual differences in the number of oocytes competent for yolk deposition; whether the clutch is composed of larger or smaller eggs appears to depend on the number of competent oocytes, which were present.

Rule 263 Leave to change claim or amend case

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas von Falck ◽  
Christian Stoll
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Short Time

On the one hand, Rule 263 serves procedural economy by allowing each party at any stage of the proceedings to change its claim or to amend its case. On the other hand, the provision protects the other party against new claims and challenges raised later which may cause procedural disadvantages for him, for example a short time for preparation and/or a delay of the proceedings. Therefore, the parties are required to make any changes to claims or any other amendments as soon as possible.

CORTISOLWIRKUNGEN AUF DEN PROTEINUND ENERGIESTOFFWECHSEL IN DER PERIPHERIE

1968 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
H. Kröner ◽  
W. Staib
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Inhibition Of Protein Synthesis ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Rna And Dna

ABSTRACT By measuring protein, RNA and DNA in skeletal muscle and spleen we were unable to demonstrate an enhanced catabolism due to cortisol. On the other hand we could demonstrate a reduced anabolism by diminished incorporation of 14C labelled leucin in protein of muscle, spleen and skin. Simultaneously an increase of ATP and an equivalent decrease of ADP were found in connective tissue, which were regarded as a consequence of reduced energy consumption. In skeletal muscle a decrease of energy consumption due to cortisol was only indirect demonstrable by reduced glycolysis when oxidative metabolism was eliminated for a short time. It seems obvious, that inhibition of protein synthesis causes the diminished energy consumption.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Islam: Antara Realitas dan Cita-Cita

At-Tafkir ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainuddin Zia
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Short Time ◽  
New Religion

Abstract: Al-Quran is the highest guidance and direction for humans in carrying out life in the world and preparing for the afterlife. There are three basic teachings in the Qur'an, namely I 'iqqadiyah (related to faith), Khuluqiyah (virtue of character) and amaliyah (this relates to what comes from words and deeds). On the other hand, Islam was revealed in the Arabian Peninsula which was bound by mental aridity, spiritual misery, intellectual disturbances, polytheistic worship (watsaniyah) and human castration. Religious teachings before Islam were ignored, but gradually the Kuffar Quraysh finally accepted this new religion (Islam) with full awareness and confidence in a relatively short time. That means that they shouted and made the Qur'an as their guide in their lives. They are the most prominent guardians and spreaders in preserving and expanding Islam.

scholarly journals Recycling Pictures as Attract Point to Youngster in Campus Program Promotion

2018 ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Kartika Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Hertina Susandari ◽  
Anggra Ayu Rucitra ◽  
Arya Weny Anggraita
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Photo Documentation ◽  
Short Time

Educational institutions need promotion tools to attract their segmentation. Promotion medium is used to increase awareness so that the youngster know about information and are interested to register themselves. A medium that has ability to show campus program in short time both attract them is using video. Video is a combination of moving image, sound, visual effect and has complex process to reach best visualization. On the other hand, sometimes the institution only has collection of documentation in photography format. The problem is how to use photo documentation to become short attractive video that shows whole institution programs. Final execution to recycle collection of pictures is using parallax style. This creation of style changes the photos to be more lifelike, which move with three dimensional cinematic effect.

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