scholarly journals Endocrinal Association of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
Kaynaat Sohail ◽  
Umm E Aiman ◽  
Sidra Younis ◽  
Farah Deeba
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Obesity is a serious health condition that has been affecting individuals of all ages worldwide.Dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and chronic stress exposure are implicated as main contributing factors for obesity development. This study is a systematic review of the research, based on all possible pathways that are involved in obesity involving HPA. The arcuate nucleus (ARC) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are involved in the interaction of HPA activity and energy intake. Neuropeptide Y and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) regulate the feeding behavior. Insulin and leptin levels also affect the HPA axis through different pathways and play a significant role in the pathogenesis of obesity. This review shows the relationship of the HPA axis with obesity. By decreasing the activation or by inhibition of different pathways the causes of obesity can be controlled. Recent therapies are being developed to decrease food intake and body weight regulations.

The development of the lamb with particular reference to the alimentary tract

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Large
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Root Transformation ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Gut Fill ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

1. Thirty Suffolk × Half bred lambs were slaughtered at the following ages: two twin lambs at birth and two singles and two twins at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 16 weeks of age.2. The following weights were recorded: live-weight immediately before slaughter; and carcass, head, skin, feet, alimentary tract, heart, liver, kidneys, lungs and trachea, and blood immediately afterwards.3. The alimentary tract was emptied and weighed in four separate parts; reticulo-rumen, omasum-abomasum, small intestine, large intestine.4. The volumes of the reticulo-rumen and the omasum-abomasum were measured by immersing in water and filling the organs with water to 2 cm. pressure.5. The in vitro digestive efficiency of rumen liquor from lambs of 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of age was assessed.6. Empty body weight was considered to be valuable in comparing animals of different ages or from different feeding regimes or at different times of the year because variations in gut ‘fill’ were eliminated.7. There were no differences between singles and twins in the relationship of the fresh weights of the parts of the body to empty body weight, except that development of the liver and the blood was rather slower for singles.8. Little evidence was found of a difference in rate of development of the alimentary tract between singles an d twins, although the log an d square root transformation suggested a possible difference in reticulo-rumen size in favour of twins, significant at the 5% level.

scholarly journals Relation between swine weight and morphometric measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e891998013
Author(s):  
Mônica Calixto Ribeiro de Holanda ◽  
Marco Aurélio Carneiro de Holanda ◽  
Leandro Ricardo Rodrigues de Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Large White ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lactation Phase ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective was to define a mathematical model that better explain the relationship of the animals weight depending not only on the animals age but also on the animals morphometric measurements. 40 piglets, half Duroc-Large White blood, were used, 20 males and 20 females, from 3 to 35 days of age (lactation phase) initially weighing 1.518 ± 0.121 kg and from 36 to 66 days of age (calving phase) with a body weight of 7.010 ± 0.704 kg. The animals were weighed weekly on a digital balance. The relationship of animal weight, age and morphometric measurements of male and female piglets were performed using regression models: existing, linear and power. The models were evaluated according to nine criterialinear model was the most adequate to explain the weight of male pigs, while for female pigs was the power. The age of the pig, the shank and palette length, as well as the circumference of the shank jointly explain the weight of the male piglets. The weight of females is explained jointly by age, body length, thorax and hip circumference.

scholarly journals Sex Ratio and Growth Pattern of Coconut Crabs Birgus latro (Crustacea, Decapoda, Cianobitidae) in North Moluccas Province, Indonesia

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rugaya Serosero ◽  
Sulistiono Sulistiono ◽  
Nurlisa A. Butet ◽  
Etty Riani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
B Value ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Thorax Length ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Cephalothorax Length ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Coconut crab (Birgus latro) is a crustacean that has a large size until four kilograms. The study  aimed to analyze sex ratio and growth pattern including the relationship of thorax length - body weight, thorax width - body weight and cephalothorax length plus rostrum - body weight in Daeo (Morotai Island), Laigoma (South Halmahera District) and Fitako (North Halmahera District). The sex ratio was determined using χ2 test and the growth pattern was tested by the b value through t test. The results showed sex ratio of 1: 0.9 in Daeo (n = 581), 1: 0.6 in Laigoma (n = 24), and 1: 2 in Fitako (n = 31). The relationship of thorax length, thorax width and cephalothorax length plus rostrum with body weight were strongly correlated (R2> 70%). The growth pattern of coconut crab in Daeo was negative allometric, while in Laigoma and Fitako were negative allometric and isometric.

The relationship of handwriting ability and literacy in kindergarten: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Ray ◽  
Kerry Dally ◽  
Leah Rowlandson ◽  
Kit Iong Tam ◽  
Alison E. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Computer Mediated Collaboration

2009 ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Barrie Jo Price
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Engaged Learning ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Computer-mediated collaboration is examined through the lenses of societal change and the dynamic nature of technology. Trends and contributing factors are reviewed in the context of the difference between going to work and doing work and the implications for collaboration using technology to overcome distance and time. The demand to work in situations where propinquity does not define the relationship of information, resources, and managerial structure is reviewed. The confluence of social changes and new technologies is examined including the emergence of Web 2.0. Four themes are explored as subsets of computer-mediated collaboration: peer review, engaged learning, consensus building and self-reflection. Technology applications related to these themes are addressed. There is a brief section on the future in which emerging technologies are explored as they relate to computer-mediated collaboration, especially mobile devices and other technologies that represent a merger of existing tool sets.

Computer Mediated Collaboration

2011 ◽  
pp. 508-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrie Jo Price
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Engaged Learning ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Computer-mediated collaboration is examined through the lenses of societal change and the dynamic nature of technology. Trends and contributing factors are reviewed in the context of the difference between going to work and doing work and the implications for collaboration using technology to overcome distance and time. The demand to work in situations where propinquity does not define the relationship of information, resources, and managerial structure is reviewed. The confluence of social changes and new technologies is examined including the emergence of Web 2.0. Four themes are explored as subsets of computer-mediated collaboration: peer review, engaged learning, consensus building and self-reflection. Technology applications related to these themes are addressed. There is a brief section on the future in which emerging technologies are explored as they relate to computer-mediated collaboration, especially mobile devices and other technologies that represent a merger of existing tool sets.

Knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship: a systematic review and future directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Caio Sousa ◽  
Luciana Soares Silva
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship ◽  
Focal Issue

Purpose This study aims to propose a framework based on the main theoretical and empirical contributions present in the literature and articulate the main paths for future studies in knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE). Design/methodology/approach Using the systematic review method from a survey of 85 articles, related to the KIE focal issue, originated from the Web of Science, it was possible to exhaustively analyze the studies and to divide the theme into key categories. Findings The present research has raised the relationship of five categories to KIE conceptualizations; the data suggest that although the literature indicates a distancing from KIE research, there are multidisciplinary themes and approaches interlinked in the studies. Originality/value The systematic approach in the main theoretical and empirical contributions in KIE enabled us to relate five categories (entrepreneurs, innovation, internationalization, location and triple alliance), and finally, to understand the gaps suggested by the researchers.

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