Study on the Feasibility of Electricity Generation from Biogas Produced from Municipal Solid Waste and the Biodigestion of Henhouse Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-195
Author(s):  
Felipe Ramos ◽  
Regina Mambeli Barros ◽  
Geraldo Lúcio Tiago Filho ◽  
Ivan Felipe Silva Dos Santos ◽  
Nathália Duarte Braz Viera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Animal Populations

Despite consisting of residual material in some processes, solid waste still presents huge potential for recycling, reuse, and energy use, either through thermochemistry or biochemistry. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) can be energetically exploited by converting landfill gas (LFG) to electrical energy. In addition, animal manure can also undergo biodigestion, generating biogas that can also be harnessed energetically. Achieving economic viability is difficult when evaluating Thermal Power Plants (TPP) using biogas, especially in cases of smaller cities (in the case of LFG) or when animal populations (biodigestion) are smaller. This study presents three scenarios for electricity generation using biogas in a case study of a small city located in Itanhandu (MG), Brazil. This study sought to evaluate the benefits of using two sources for biogas production, these being LFG and the anaerobic digestion of henhouse manure. In the first scenario, a project generating electricity using LFG was analyzed. In the second scenario, energy was generated via biogas coming from manure collected at henhouses. The third scenario considered electricity generation from both sources. The results demonstrate that TPPs based only in LFG are not economically viable, while the other two scenarios present positive results as to their economic viability, showing that the biogas volume coming from manure collected at henhouses is sufficient for electricity generation at the TPP with landfill gas. This result could be beneficial both as a solution for Solid Waste Management (MSW) as well as providing an additional energy generation solution near to the city.

scholarly journals Energy recovery from municipal solid waste landfill for a sustainable circular economy in Danang City, Vietnam

2022 ◽  
Vol 964 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
Phong Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Quynh Khanh Nguyen Cao ◽  
Long Ta Bui
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
City Government

Abstract Sustainable development of Danang City in the direction of circular economy (CE) and a zero-waste city is an urgent solution because the impacts of local municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in the city’s districts are increasingly causing serious pressure for MSW management and treatment. Segregation of waste at source, reuse, recycling, and energy recovery from landfill gas (LFG) generated is considered as one of the keys to solving the dilemma of sustainable waste management. This study analyzed and evaluated the generation of greenhouse gases (GHGs), mainly CH4 and CO2 gases from the Khanh Son landfill based on the application of the EnLandFill software and assessed the potential of energy recovery, clean electricity generation, as well as GHG emission reduction in the period of 2021 – 2050 based on the CE-oriented scenario of the city government. With the potential to recover LFGs in the period of 2021 – 2050 could reach 136.9 million m3 (with efficiency E = 90%), the total annual potential value of electricity generation is estimated at 420.767 million kWh, equivalent to the total potential for GHGs emission reduction (GWP) about 271.25 thousand tCO2-eq. At the same time, this will be a baseline study to serve as the basis for extensive assessments and to suggest the most appropriate waste management strategies and policies create a circular economy in the future.

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Potential for Waste to Energy Plant (Case Study: Jatibarang Landfill Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00027
Author(s):  
Mohammad Soleh ◽  
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto ◽  
Jaka Windarta ◽  
Olga Anne ◽  
Roy Hendroko Setyobudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Waste Dumps

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is still a serious problem in Indonesia. As well as following up on the Indonesian Government’s commitment to reduce carbon emissions, a Presidential decree Perpres Number 18 of 2016 concerning the Acceleration of the Development of Waste-Based Power Plants was made. It is expected that the construction of Waste-Based Power Plants from landfills can reduce the budget deficit in handling municipal waste while maintaining environmental preservation. This research calculates the potential of landfill gas that can be produced from the landfill waste dumps of Jatibarang, as well as the capacity of electrical energy that can be produced. Furthermore, with several types of plant scenarios used, it can be seen the economic feasibility of the construction of a Waste Based Power Plant in Jatibarang landfill. The landfill gas potential and economic feasibility for this study are calculated using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Inventory Software and LFG-CostWeb from LandGEM. The results showed that only from the electricity sale Standard Reciprocating Engine-Generator Set project may generate a break even in the 6 yr after the operation begins and value of the net present value is USD 755 664 for 15 yr project lifetime.

Energy, Exergy, Exergoeconomic, and environmental (4E) analyses of thermal power plants for municipal solid waste to energy application in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Adib Adnan ◽  
Shadman Mahmud ◽  
Mohammed Raihan Uddin ◽  
Anish Modi ◽  
M. Monjurul Ehsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Energy Application

scholarly journals Switching Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant to Composite Fuel for Recovering Industrial and Municipal Waste: Combustion Characteristics, Emissions, and Economic Effect

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Glushkov ◽  
Geniy Kuznetsov ◽  
Kristina Paushkina
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Used Oil

Combustion characteristics were studied experimentally for single droplets of fuel slurries based on wet coal processing waste with municipal solid waste components (cardboard, plastic, rubber, and wood) and used turbine oil. We established the ignition delay time for three various groups of fuel compositions in motionless air at 600–1000 °C. The minimum values are 3 s, and the maximum ones are 25 s. The maximum temperatures in the droplet vicinity reach 1300 °C during fuel combustion for compositions with 10% of used oil. The combustion temperatures of fuel compositions without oil are 200–300 °C lower. The concentrations of anthropogenic emissions in flue gases do not exceed those from dry coal combustion. Adding used oils to composite fuels reduces the concentrations of dioxins and furans in flue gases when municipal solid waste in the fuel burns out due to high combustion temperatures. Based on the experimental research findings, we have elaborated a strategy of combined industrial and municipal waste recovery by burning it as part of composite fuels, as illustrated by three neighboring regions of the Russian Federation with different industrial structures and levels of social development. This strategy suggests switching three typical coal-fired thermal power plants (one in each of the regions) to composite liquid fuel. It will reduce the hazard of waste to the environment and decrease the consumption of high-quality coals for power generation. Implementing the developed strategy for 25 years will save 145 Mt of coal and recover 190–260 Mt of waste. The positive economic effect, considering the modernization of fuel handling systems at thermal power plants and the construction of a fuel preparation plant, will make up 5.7 to 6.9 billion dollars, or 65–78%, respectively, of the main costs of three thermal power plants operating on coal within the identical period.

Municipal solid waste management and economic feasibility for electricity generation from landfill gas and anaerobic reactors in a Brazilian state

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 101453
Author(s):  
Romulo Carvalho de Brito ◽  
Regina Mambeli Barros ◽  
Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos ◽  
Geraldo Lúcio Tiago Filho ◽  
Samuel Placidio Galdino da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Brazilian State

A Review on Utilization of Fly- Ash and Pond-Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Mix Design

2018 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Harshkumar Patel ◽  
Yogesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Pond Ash ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Ash Disposal

Now-a-days energy planners are aiming to increase the use of renewable energy sources and nuclear to meet the electricity generation. But till now coal-based power plants are the major source of electricity generation. Disadvantages of coal-based thermal power plants is disposal problem of fly ash and pond ash. It was earlier considered as a total waste and environmental hazard thus its use was limited, but now its useful properties have been known as raw material for various application in construction field. Fly ash from the thermal plants is available in large quantities in fine and coarse form. Fine fly ash is used in construction industry in some amount and coarse fly ash is subsequently disposed over land in slurry forms. In India around 180 MT fly is produced and only around 45% of that is being utilized in different sectors. Balance fly ash is being disposed over land. It needs one acre of land for ash disposal to produce 1MW electricity from coal. Fly ash and pond ash utilization helps to reduce the consumption of natural resources. The fly ash became available in coal based thermal power station in the year 1930 in USA. For its gainful utilization, scientist started research activities and in the year 1937, R.E. Davis and his associates at university of California published research details on use of fly ash in cement concrete. This research had laid foundation for its specification, testing & usages. This study reports the potential use of pond-ash and fly-ash as cement in concrete mixes. In this present study of concrete produced using fly ash, pond ash and OPC 53 grade will be carried. An attempt will be made to investigate characteristics of OPC concrete with combined fly ash and pond ash mixed concrete for Compressive Strength test, Split Tensile Strength test, Flexural Strength test and Durability tests. This paper deals with the review of literature for fly-ash and pond-ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete.

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