scholarly journals Technical and Economic Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Potential for Waste to Energy Plant (Case Study: Jatibarang Landfill Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00027
Author(s):  
Mohammad Soleh ◽  
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto ◽  
Jaka Windarta ◽  
Olga Anne ◽  
Roy Hendroko Setyobudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Waste Dumps

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is still a serious problem in Indonesia. As well as following up on the Indonesian Government’s commitment to reduce carbon emissions, a Presidential decree Perpres Number 18 of 2016 concerning the Acceleration of the Development of Waste-Based Power Plants was made. It is expected that the construction of Waste-Based Power Plants from landfills can reduce the budget deficit in handling municipal waste while maintaining environmental preservation. This research calculates the potential of landfill gas that can be produced from the landfill waste dumps of Jatibarang, as well as the capacity of electrical energy that can be produced. Furthermore, with several types of plant scenarios used, it can be seen the economic feasibility of the construction of a Waste Based Power Plant in Jatibarang landfill. The landfill gas potential and economic feasibility for this study are calculated using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Inventory Software and LFG-CostWeb from LandGEM. The results showed that only from the electricity sale Standard Reciprocating Engine-Generator Set project may generate a break even in the 6 yr after the operation begins and value of the net present value is USD 755 664 for 15 yr project lifetime.

scholarly journals Mitigation of CO2e Emissions from the Municipal Solid Waste Sector in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Alsabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
The World

Mitigating climate change to limit the global temperature increase (relative to pre-industrial temperatures) to 2 °C is receiving considerable attention around the world. Here, historical and future carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW) in Bahrain were calculated using the revised Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 1996 and IPCC 2006 methods. The extent to which waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies can contribute to climate change mitigation was assessed by performing a multicriteria analysis. The results indicated that CO2e emissions from MSW in Bahrain have been increasing since the Askar landfill was constructed in 1986. Emission recalculations indicated that CO2e emissions from MSW contribute 6.2% of total emissions in Bahrain rather than the 11.6% reported in the second national communication. Methane emissions from MSW in 2030 are predicted to be 22–63 Gg. The WtE technologies anaerobic digestion and landfill gas recovery gave the best and gasification the worst multicriteria analysis model results. A database of WtE plants around the world should be compiled to allow decisions around the world to be based on best practices. The potential for maximizing energy recovery and decreasing costs needs to be investigated to allow WtE plants to compete better with renewable and nonrenewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Tipping fee determination to support the waste to energy concept at the city of Depok, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Farizal ◽  
Tammarar Ekky
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Concept ◽  
The City ◽  
The Ideal

This study determines the tipping fee of municipal solid waste in the city of Depok. Two methods used to determine the fee were the income and outcome approach, and the limited resource approach. Two conditions were assumed (i.e., waste management and landfill gas bioreactor availability). From the results, the ideal tipping fee was 97,704 IDR/tonne and the application of a landfill gas reactor could boost income, thus reduced the amount of the fee collected, especially in the early years of the landfill bioreactor in operation. The fees were 40,032 and 63,337 IDR/tonne for scenario 1 and 2, respectively.

Municipal solid waste as an alternative energy source

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (8) ◽  
pp. 961-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail S Vlaskin
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Heating Value

One of the main objectives in the field of waste management today is the implementation of waste-to-energy concept, because it decreases the amount of municipal solid waste landfilled and economizes the traditional hydrocarbon fuels. One of the main objectives of this study was to assess the global energetic potential of municipal solid waste and its potential contribution in energy balance. This evaluation was based on the analysis of main municipal solid waste properties such as component and chemical compositions, and heating value. The comparison of municipal solid waste properties and energetic potential with those for traditional solid fuels was also discussed. For comparison, the biomass samples and coals collected from Russian coal basins were considered. Study of municipal solid waste properties showed that municipal solid waste represents a well-flammable fuel with high carbon content (up to 50–60% for dry ash-free basis), and relatively high O/C atomic ratio. Total world energetic potential of municipal solid waste was estimated as 20 billion GJ that is 12.6% from energetic potential of coal mined. It was shown that by municipal solid waste incineration it is possible to produce 800 billion kWh of electrical energy that is about 3.5% of total world electricity generation. It was shown that in 2035 energetic potential of municipal solid waste may share up to 21.7% from energetic potential of coal. Executed estimations confirmed the urgency of municipal solid waste waste-to-energy implementation.

Energy, Exergy, Exergoeconomic, and environmental (4E) analyses of thermal power plants for municipal solid waste to energy application in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Adib Adnan ◽  
Shadman Mahmud ◽  
Mohammed Raihan Uddin ◽  
Anish Modi ◽  
M. Monjurul Ehsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Energy Application

scholarly journals Waste-to-Wealth: The Economic Reasons for Replacing Waste-to-Energy With the Circular Economy of Municipal Solid Waste

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Pagliaro
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Material Recycling

Sharing the same raw material, recycling and composting are in direct conflict with incineration of municipal solid waste in combined heath and power plants. Indeed, waste-to-energy plants in regions with high recycling rates import urban waste from other countries to use otherwise unused capacity, and raise revenues. Using the case of Italy’s second largest and economically most developed region, I discuss the economic viability of municipal solid waste incineration to produce electricity and heath in the context of the increasing role of electricity production from renewable energy sources as well as of the emerging mass-scale uptake of bioplastics. Four lessons and three guidelines aimed to local authorities and policy makers emerge from the present study.

scholarly journals Sustainable Waste-to-Energy Development in Malaysia: Appraisal of Environmental, Financial, and Public Issues Related with Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Waste

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong ◽  
Bashir ◽  
Ng ◽  
Sethupathi ◽  
Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Msw Management ◽  
Energy Technologies

As Malaysia is a fast-developing country, its prospects of sustainable energy generation are at the center of debate. Malaysian municipal solid waste (MSW) is projected to have a 3.3% increase in annual generation rate at the same time an increase of 3.3% for electricity demand. In Malaysia, most of the landfills are open dumpsite and 89% of the collected MSW end up in landfills. Furthermore, huge attention is being focused on converting MSW into energy due to the enormous amount of daily MSW being generated. Sanitary landfill to capture methane from waste landfill gas (LFG) and incineration in a combined heat and power plant (CHP) are common MSW-to-energy technologies in Malaysia. MSW in Malaysia contains 45% organic fraction thus landfill contributes as a potential LFG source. Waste-to-energy (WTE) technologies in treating MSW potentially provide an attractive economic investment since its feedstock (MSW) is collected almost for free. At present, there are considerable issues in WTE technologies although the technology employing MSW as feedstock are well established, for instance the fluctuation of MSW composition and the complexity in treatment facilities with its pollutant emissions. Thus, this study discusses various WTE technologies in Malaysia by considering the energy potentials from all existing incineration plants and landfill sites as an effective MSW management in Malaysia. Furthermore, to promote local innovation and technology development and to ensure successful long-term sustainable economic viability, social inclusiveness, and environmental sustainability in Malaysia, the four faculties of sustainable development namely technical, economic, environmental, and social issues affiliated with MSW-to-Energy technologies were compared and evaluated.

scholarly journals Energy potential and economic feasibility of biogas: case study of a landfill in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tatiane Leticia De Carvalho Souza ◽  
André Luiz Marques Rocha ◽  
Daniel Brianezi
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Electrical Energy Generation

The final disposal of solid waste in landfills may result in the production of a clean and renewable energy through the exploitation of biogas generated in these locations. This study aims to estimate the methane production in a landfill, with a total population of 237,298 inhabitants, and a total generation of waste of 83,561.78 ton/year, in the last year of operation, located in the state of Minas Gerais and evaluate the economic feasibility of a biogas exploitation project in this place, for electrical energy generation. The methane production was estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology, obtaining the maximum methane production value of 6,692,590 mÑ in the last year of operation of the landfill. For economic feasibility analysis, the tools, such as net present value, discounted payback, and internal rate of return, were used with values of R$ 1,323,684.90 for 8 years, 4 months, and 12 days, and 9% per annum, respectively, demonstrating that the implementation of the project for the use of biogas at the landfill was viable, with positive economic return.

Study on the Feasibility of Electricity Generation from Biogas Produced from Municipal Solid Waste and the Biodigestion of Henhouse Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-195
Author(s):  
Felipe Ramos ◽  
Regina Mambeli Barros ◽  
Geraldo Lúcio Tiago Filho ◽  
Ivan Felipe Silva Dos Santos ◽  
Nathália Duarte Braz Viera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Animal Populations

Despite consisting of residual material in some processes, solid waste still presents huge potential for recycling, reuse, and energy use, either through thermochemistry or biochemistry. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) can be energetically exploited by converting landfill gas (LFG) to electrical energy. In addition, animal manure can also undergo biodigestion, generating biogas that can also be harnessed energetically. Achieving economic viability is difficult when evaluating Thermal Power Plants (TPP) using biogas, especially in cases of smaller cities (in the case of LFG) or when animal populations (biodigestion) are smaller. This study presents three scenarios for electricity generation using biogas in a case study of a small city located in Itanhandu (MG), Brazil. This study sought to evaluate the benefits of using two sources for biogas production, these being LFG and the anaerobic digestion of henhouse manure. In the first scenario, a project generating electricity using LFG was analyzed. In the second scenario, energy was generated via biogas coming from manure collected at henhouses. The third scenario considered electricity generation from both sources. The results demonstrate that TPPs based only in LFG are not economically viable, while the other two scenarios present positive results as to their economic viability, showing that the biogas volume coming from manure collected at henhouses is sufficient for electricity generation at the TPP with landfill gas. This result could be beneficial both as a solution for Solid Waste Management (MSW) as well as providing an additional energy generation solution near to the city.

High Efficiency Waste to Energy Power Plants Combining Municipal Solid Waste and Natural Gas or Ethanol

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Guerreiro Ribeiro ◽  
Tyler Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Consumption

A new WTE (Waste-to-Energy) power plant configuration combining municipal solid waste and gas turbines or landfill gas engines is proposed. The system has two objectives: increase the thermodynamic efficiency of the plant and avoid the corrosion in the MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) boiler caused by high tube metal temperatures. The difference between this concept and other existing configurations, such as the Zabalgarbi plant in Bilbao, Spain, is lower natural gas consumption, allowing an 80% waste contribution to the net energy exported or more. This high efficiency is achieved through four main steps: 1. introducing condensing heat exchangers to capture low temperature heat from the boiler flue gases; the stack temperature can drop to 70°C; 2. high steam temperatures in external superheaters using hot clean gases heated with duct burners; 3. mixing the exhaust gases of a small gas turbine with hot air preheated in a specially designed heat exchangers. The resulting temperature of this gas mixture is almost the same as a standard gas turbine but with the flow similar to that of a large machine with a higher O2 content; 4. After the duct burner and heat exchangers, the oxygen content of the clean gas mixture is still high, nearly 18%, and the temperature is approximately 200°C. The gas is then used as combustion air to the MSW boiler such that all the energy stays in the system. The efficiency can be as high as 33% for the MSW part of the plant and 49% for the natural gas system. Since the natural gas consumption is almost ten times less than the existing designs, it can be replaced by landfill gas or gasified ethanol or biodiesel. Currently an 850 ton/day plant is being designed in Brazil in partnership with a large power company. Other advantages include, self generation of internal power and lower steam superheating temperatures in the MSW boiler. This concept can be used with any grate design.

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