scholarly journals Role of Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in Alteration of Particulate Matter Emanated by Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Asad Naeem Shah ◽  
Ge Yun- Shan ◽  
Tan Jian- Wei ◽  
Ejaz Mahmood Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Adsorption Phenomenon ◽  
State Cycle ◽  
Blended Fuels

The current study is focused on the investigation of the role of biodiesel in the alteration of particulate matter (PM) composition emitted from a direct injection-compression ignition. Two important blends of biodiesel with commercial diesel known as B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel by volume) and B50 were used for the comparative analysis of their pollutants with those of 100% or traditional diesel (D). The experiments were performed under the auspices of the Chinese 8-mode steady- state cycle on a test bench by coupling the engine with an AC electrical dynamometer. As per experimental results, over-50 nm aerosols were abated by 8.7-47% and 6-51% with B20 and B50, respectively, on account of lofty nitrogen dioxide to nitrogen oxides (NO2/NO´) ratios. In case of B50, sub-50 nm aerosols and sulphates were higher at maximum load modes of the test, owing to adsorption phenomenon of inorganic nuclei leading to heterogeneous nucleation. Moreover, trace metal emissions (TME) were substantially reduced reflecting the reduction rates of 42-57% and 64-80% with B20 and B50, respectively, relative to baseline measurements taken with diesel. In addition to this, individual elements such as Ca and Fe were greatly minimised, while Na was enhanced with biodiesel blended fuels. 

COMBUSTION AND EMISSIONS CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE FUELLED WITH N-BUTANOL BLENDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Yusri ◽  
M. K. Akasyah ◽  
R. Mamat ◽  
O. M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Temperature ◽  
Blended Fuels

The use of biomass based renewable fuel, n-butanol blends for compression ignition (CI) engine has attracted wide attention due to its superior properties such as better miscibility, higher energy content, and cetane number as compared to other alternatives fuel. In this present study the use of n-butanol 10% blends (Bu10) with diesel fuel has been tested using multi-cylinder, 4-stroke engine with common rail direct injection system to investigate the combustion and emissions of the blended fuels. Based on the tested engine at BMEP=3.5Bar. Based on the results Bu10 fuel indicates lower first and second peak pressure by 5.4% and 2.4% for engine speed 1000rpm and 4.4% and 2.1% for engine speed 2500rpm compared to diesel fuel respectively. Percentage reduction relative to diesel fuel at engine speeds 1000rpm and 2500rpm for Bu10: Exhaust temperature was 7.5% and 5.2% respectively; Nitrogen oxides (NOx) 73.4% and 11.3% respectively.

scholarly journals Characterization of Particulate Matter Morphology and Volatility from a Compression-Ignition Natural-Gas Direct-Injection Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 589-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Graves ◽  
Jason Olfert ◽  
Bronson Patychuk ◽  
Ramin Dastanpour ◽  
Steven Rogak
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Direct Injection Engine

scholarly journals A comparative experimental study on engine operating on premixed charge compression ignition and compression ignition mode

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1 Part B) ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Girish Bhiogade ◽  
Jiwak Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Compression Ignition Combustion

New combustion concepts have been recently developed with the purpose to tackle the problem of high emissions level of traditional direct injection Diesel engines. A good example is the premixed charge compression ignition combustion. A strategy in which early injection is used causing a burning process in which the fuel burns in the premixed condition. In compression ignition engines, soot (particulate matter) and NOx emissions are an extremely unsolved issue. Premixed charge compression ignition is one of the most promising solutions that combine the advantages of both spark ignition and compression ignition combustion modes. It gives thermal efficiency close to the compression ignition engines and resolves the associated issues of high NOx and particulate matter, simultaneously. Premixing of air and fuel preparation is the challenging part to achieve premixed charge compression ignition combustion. In the present experimental study a diesel vaporizer is used to achieve premixed charge compression ignition combustion. A vaporized diesel fuel was mixed with the air to form premixed charge and inducted into the cylinder during the intake stroke. Low diesel volatility remains the main obstacle in preparing premixed air-fuel mixture. Exhaust gas re-circulation can be used to control the rate of heat release. The objective of this study is to reduce exhaust emission levels with maintaining thermal efficiency close to compression ignition engine.

scholarly journals Reduction a Particulate Matter of Diesel Emission by the Use of Several Oxygenated Diesel Blend Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Oxygenated Additives ◽  
Diesel Emission ◽  
Blended Fuels ◽  
Four Cylinders

Oxygenated diesel fuel blends have a prospective effectiveness to reduce a particulate matter (PM) emissions and powerfully to be an effective alternative instead of diesel fuel. This manuscript investigates the emission characteristics of four combinations of oxygenated diesel fuel blends in terms of ethanol, TGME, Glyme and Diglyme. Two blended fuels containing 5% and 15 % by volume for each oxygenated additives was prepared. Pure diesel fuel was used as a base fuel for all oxygenated diesel blends. The experiments were conducted using four cylinders, four stroke compression ignition Toyota Hilux Pickup of engine capacity (2494 cc) model 2006, inline DOHC 16 Valve. The experimental results showed that (i) the higher engine speed is produced lower PM emissions; (ii) the PM emitted by all the oxygenated diesel blends is significantly lower than of the corresponding pure diesel fuel; (iii) the increase of oxygenated percentage in the diesel blends, the PM emission decreases; (iv) A maximum and minimum of PM reduction was occurred when the engine fueled by 15 % by volume for ethanol and by 5 % by volume for TGME respectively.

Mapping the combustion modes of a dual-fuel compression ignition engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110183
Author(s):  
Jonathan Martin ◽  
André Boehman
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Modes ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Dual Fuel Combustion ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Ci Engines

Compression-ignition (CI) engines can produce higher thermal efficiency (TE) and thus lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions than spark-ignition (SI) engines. Unfortunately, the overall fuel economy of CI engine vehicles is limited by their emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot, which must be mitigated with costly, resource- and energy-intensive aftertreatment. NOx and soot could also be mitigated by adding premixed gasoline to complement the conventional, non-premixed direct injection (DI) of diesel fuel in CI engines. Several such “dual-fuel” combustion modes have been introduced in recent years, but these modes are usually studied individually at discrete conditions. This paper introduces a mapping system for dual-fuel CI modes that links together several previously studied modes across a continuous two-dimensional diagram. This system includes the conventional diesel combustion (CDC) and conventional dual-fuel (CDF) modes; the well-explored advanced combustion modes of HCCI, RCCI, PCCI, and PPCI; and a previously discovered but relatively unexplored combustion mode that is herein titled “Piston-split Dual-Fuel Combustion” or PDFC. Tests show that dual-fuel CI engines can simultaneously increase TE and lower NOx and/or soot emissions at high loads through the use of Partial HCCI (PHCCI). At low loads, PHCCI is not possible, but either PDFC or RCCI can be used to further improve NOx and/or soot emissions, albeit at slightly lower TE. These results lead to a “partial dual-fuel” multi-mode strategy of PHCCI at high loads and CDC at low loads, linked together by PDFC. Drive cycle simulations show that this strategy, when tuned to balance NOx and soot reductions, can reduce engine-out CO2 emissions by about 1% while reducing NOx and soot by about 20% each with respect to CDC. This increases emissions of unburnt hydrocarbons (UHC), still in a treatable range (2.0 g/kWh) but five times as high as CDC, requiring changes in aftertreatment strategy.

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