scholarly journals Testing of Pine Oil and Glycerol Ketal as Components of B10 Fuel Blend

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Memedow ◽  
Sahila Huseynova ◽  
Ofelia Javadova ◽  
Nargiz Azimova ◽  
Rahila Huseynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Pine Oil

The aim of the present work was to the preparation of biodiesel from sunflower oil and ethanol by the transesterification reaction in the presence of the KOH. The conversion was 88% at using a 1:3 molar ratio of oil to alcohol at 75°C. Important fuel physical properties of B10 blend with (or without) oxygenated additivities by the ASTM standards had been investigated. Based on the obtained results is noted that the fuel blend B10 with (or without) additivities has greater potentials for diesel engines than, B100 and fossil diesel.

scholarly journals Comparisons of metal oxides activity in the transesterification of triglycerides by С1–С4 alcohols

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-105
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Aliphatic Alcohols ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Duration

The activity of heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification reaction of sunflower oil triglycerides with aliphatic alcohols of normal structure was investigated in this work. Fine-dispersed oxides ZnO, NiO, FeO, CuO and MnO served as catalysts. The following aliphatic alcohols were used in the transesterification process of sunflower oil triglycerides: methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol and butan-1-ol. The transesterification reaction was performed under the conditions as follows: the content catalyst of 0.25 wt.%, the triglycerides:alcohol molar ratio of 6.5:1 and the temperature of 333 K (methanol) or 348 K (ethanol, propan-1-ol and butan-1-ol). The investigated metal oxides were arranged in series according to their activity towards the transesterification reaction of sunflower oil triglycerides with C1–C3 alcohols. It was established that these series were practically the same for the mentioned alcohols. Similarity between the oil conversion curves of the reaction duration for C1–C3 aliphatic alcohols in the presence of all studied catalysts was shown. The use of the most active catalysts (ZnO and NiO) for the transesterification reaction of triglycerides with C1–C3 aliphatic alcohols allowed achieving the triglycerides conversion of more than 95% at the reaction duration of 2.5 h. Iron and manganese oxides exhibited relatively high catalytic activity in the transesterification reaction with aliphatic C1–C2 alcohols. However, the oil conversion was only 86.7–91.1% for the transesterification reaction by propan-1-ol in the presence of above-mentioned catalysts under the optimal conditions (reaction duration of 2.5 h). Copper oxide exhibited the lowest activity among all catalysts that were tested. The highest initial reaction rate in the presence of metal oxides was achieved in the transesterification of sunflower oil triglycerides by methanol. The reaction rate of triglycerides transesterification by butan-1-ol was by three orders of magnitude lower than that achieved by using of other alcohols.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil Using K2CO3 Impregnated Kaolin Novel Solid Base Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Jalalmanesh ◽  
Mohammad Kazemeini ◽  
Mohamad Hosein Rahmani ◽  
Milad Zehtab Salmasi
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Optimum Reaction

<div><div><div><div><p>Kaolin clay material was loaded with potassium carbonate by impregnation method as a novel effective and economical heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production of sunflower oil via the transesterification reaction. The structural and chemical properties of the produced catalysts were analyzed by several characterization tests including the BET-BJH, XRD, SEM and FTIR. Influence of the K2CO3 impregnation level was examined by comparing the catalytic activity of different produced catalysts. To expand the efficiency of transesterification reaction, parameters of reaction were optimized including; the molar ratio between methanol and oil, concentration of catalyst, and duration of the reaction. The highest yield of biodiesel over the K2CO3/kaolin catalyst was around 95.3 ± 1.2%. It was achieved using kaolin supports impregnated with 20 wt.% of K2CO3. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be catalyst reactor loading of 5 wt.%, reaction temperature of 65 °C, methanol: oil molar ratio of 6:1 and reaction duration time of 4 h.</p></div></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil Using K2CO3 Impregnated Kaolin Novel Solid Base Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Jalalmanesh ◽  
Mohammad Kazemeini ◽  
Mohamad Hosein Rahmani ◽  
Milad Zehtab Salmasi
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Optimum Reaction

<div><div><div><div><p>Kaolin clay material was loaded with potassium carbonate by impregnation method as a novel effective and economical heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production of sunflower oil via the transesterification reaction. The structural and chemical properties of the produced catalysts were analyzed by several characterization tests including the BET-BJH, XRD, SEM and FTIR. Influence of the K2CO3 impregnation level was examined by comparing the catalytic activity of different produced catalysts. To expand the efficiency of transesterification reaction, parameters of reaction were optimized including; the molar ratio between methanol and oil, concentration of catalyst, and duration of the reaction. The highest yield of biodiesel over the K2CO3/kaolin catalyst was around 95.3 ± 1.2%. It was achieved using kaolin supports impregnated with 20 wt.% of K2CO3. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be catalyst reactor loading of 5 wt.%, reaction temperature of 65 °C, methanol: oil molar ratio of 6:1 and reaction duration time of 4 h.</p></div></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil Using K2CO3 Impregnated Kaolin Novel Solid Base Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Jalalmanesh ◽  
Mohammad Kazemeini ◽  
mohamad hosein rahmani ◽  
Milad Zehtab Salmasi
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Optimum Reaction

<div><div><div><div><p>Kaolin clay material was loaded with potassium carbonate by impregnation method as a novel effective and economical heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production of sunflower oil via the transesterification reaction. The structural and chemical properties of the produced catalysts were analyzed by several characterization tests including the BET-BJH, XRD, SEM and FTIR. Influence of the K2CO3 impregnation level was examined by comparing the catalytic activity of different produced catalysts. To expand the efficiency of transesterification reaction, parameters of reaction were optimized including; the molar ratio between methanol and oil, concentration of catalyst, and duration of the reaction. The highest yield of biodiesel over the K2CO3/kaolin catalyst was around 95.3 ± 1.2%. It was achieved using kaolin supports impregnated with 20 wt.% of K2CO3. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be catalyst reactor loading of 5 wt.%, reaction temperature of 65 °C, methanol: oil molar ratio of 6:1 and reaction duration time of 4 h.</p></div></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil Using K2CO3 Impregnated Kaolin Novel Solid Base Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Jalalmanesh ◽  
Mohammad Kazemeini ◽  
mohamad hosein rahmani ◽  
milad zehtab
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Optimum Reaction

<div><div><div><div><p>Kaolin clay material was loaded with potassium carbonate by impregnation method as a novel effective and economical heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production of sunflower oil via the transesterification reaction. The structural and chemical properties of the produced catalysts were analyzed by several characterization tests including the BET-BJH, XRD, SEM and FTIR. Influence of the K2CO3 impregnation level was examined by comparing the catalytic activity of different produced catalysts. To expand the efficiency of transesterification reaction, parameters of reaction were optimized including; the molar ratio between methanol and oil, concentration of catalyst, and duration of the reaction. The highest yield of biodiesel over the K2CO3/kaolin catalyst was around 95.3 ± 1.2%. It was achieved using kaolin supports impregnated with 20 wt.% of K2CO3. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be catalyst reactor loading of 5 wt.%, reaction temperature of 65 °C, methanol: oil molar ratio of 6:1 and reaction duration time of 4 h.</p></div></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Sunflower Oil Using K2CO3 Impregnated Kaolin Novel Solid Base Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Jalalmanesh ◽  
Mohammad Kazemeini ◽  
mohamad hosein rahmani ◽  
milad zehtab
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Optimum Reaction

<div><div><div><div><p>Kaolin clay material was loaded with potassium carbonate by impregnation method as a novel effective and economical heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production of sunflower oil via the transesterification reaction. The structural and chemical properties of the produced catalysts were analyzed by several characterization tests including the BET-BJH, XRD, SEM and FTIR. Influence of the K2CO3 impregnation level was examined by comparing the catalytic activity of different produced catalysts. To expand the efficiency of transesterification reaction, parameters of reaction were optimized including; the molar ratio between methanol and oil, concentration of catalyst, and duration of the reaction. The highest yield of biodiesel over the K2CO3/kaolin catalyst was around 95.3 ± 1.2%. It was achieved using kaolin supports impregnated with 20 wt.% of K2CO3. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be catalyst reactor loading of 5 wt.%, reaction temperature of 65 °C, methanol: oil molar ratio of 6:1 and reaction duration time of 4 h.</p></div></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Optimization of Fuel Injection Parameters of Moringa oleifera Biodiesel-Diesel Blend for Engine-Out-Responses Improvements

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 982
Author(s):  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
Heoy Geok How ◽  
Farooq Sher ◽  
Thanh Danh Le ◽  
Hwai Chyuan Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Combustion Dynamics ◽  
Rsm Optimization

Biodiesel has gained popularity in diesel engines as a result of the rapid decline of fossil fuels and population growth. The processing of biodiesel from non-edible Moringa Oleifera was investigated using a single-step transesterification technique. Both fuels had their key physicochemical properties measured and investigated. In a common-rail diesel engine, the effects of MB50 fuel blend on the symmetric characteristics of engine-out responses were evaluated under five load settings and at 1000 rpm. As compared to standard diesel, MB50 increased brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions while lowering brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and smoke emissions for all engine loads. A further study of injection pressure and start of injection (SOI) timing for MB50 fuel was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM optimization resulted in improved combustion dynamics due to symmetry operating parameters, resulting in a simultaneous decrease in NOx and smoke emissions without sacrificing BTE. RSM is an efficient optimization method for achieving optimal fuel injection parameter settings, as can be deduced. As a result, a clearer understanding of the use of MB50 fuel in diesel engines can be given, allowing for the best possible engine efficiency.

Reuse of Fried Oil to Obtain Biodiesel: Zeolites Y as a Catalyst

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brito ◽  
M. E. Borges ◽  
R. Arvelo ◽  
F. Garcia ◽  
M. C. Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalytic Reactor ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Catalytic Effects ◽  
Fried Oil

The transesterification reaction is the most utilized process to obtain biodiesel. Fried oil transesterification reactions with methanol have been studied using several zeolites Y and interchanged with CsCl and KOH. The reaction has been carried out both in a slurry reactor and a fixed bed catalytic reactor. The catalytic effects of zeolites have been tested within a temperature range of 60-476°C, 2.5-5% catalyst/waste oil weight ratio, and 6:1 - 100:1 methanol/oil molar ratio. Cosolvents (THF, n-hexane) in the reaction feedstock effect have also been studied as well as catalyst regeneration effects. Viscosity of both the oil and the transesterification reaction products was determined as an initial guide to investigate the degree of conversion to biodiesel as well as FAME content by GC. When interchanged zeolites are used conversions are improved, getting the best yields (98% FAME) for the Y756 zeolite interchanged with KOH. Viscosities of the reaction product obtained reached values next to diesel standard ones.

Phase Behaviour and Physical Properties of Dimethyl Ether DME/CO2/Water/Heavy Oil Systems under Reservoir Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desheng Huang ◽  
Yunlong Li ◽  
Daoyong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polar Components ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Oil Mixtures

Abstract In this paper, techniques have been developed to quantify phase behaviour and physical properties including phase boundaries, swelling factors, and phase volumes for reservoir fluids containing polar components from both experimental and theoretical aspects. Experimentally, a total of five pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) experiments including three sets of DME/CO2/heavy oil systems and two sets of DME/CO2/water/heavy oil systems have been carried out to measure saturation pressures, phase volumes, and swelling factors by using a versatile PVT setup. Theoretically, the modified Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) incorporated with the Huron-Vidal mixing rule and the Péneloux volume-translation strategy is employed as the thermodynamic model to perform phase equilibrium calculations. It is observed that the experimentally measured saturation pressures of DME/CO2/water/heavy oil mixtures are higher than those of DME/CO2/heavy oil mixtures at the same temperature and same molar ratio of solvents and heavy oil, owing to the fact that more water molecules can be evaporated into vapour phase. The binary interaction parameters (BIPs) between DME/heavy oil and CO2/DME pair, which are obtained by matching the measured saturation pressures of DME/CO2/heavy oil mixtures, work well for DME/CO2/heavy oil mixtures in the presence and absence of water. In addition, a swelling effect of heavy oil can be enhanced by adding the DME and CO2 mixtures compared to only DME or CO2. The new model developed in this work is capable of accurately reproducing the experimentally measured multiphase boundaries, swelling factors, phase volumes with a root-mean-squared relative error (RMSRE) of 4.68%, 0.71%, and 9.35%, respectively, indicating that it can provide fundamental data for simulating, designing, and optimizing the hybrid solvent-thermal recovery processes for heavy oil reservoirs.

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