scholarly journals Economic Valuation of Green Electricity Sources in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Muhammad-Jawad Iqbal ◽  
Abdul-Rahim Samad Abdul
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Green Electricity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Bid Price ◽  
The Government

Green electricity, which comes from renewable sources such as wind, hydro and solar, are well appreciated for their being environment friendly. The advantage of these sources are apparent in part of already natural environment. Moreover, this modern form of electricity also contributes in the poverty alleviation in developing countries, which is one of the sustainable development goals (SDG). The objective of this study is to explore electricity consumers’ willingness to pay for the sustainable energy by employing the contingent valuation method (CVM). The respondents were divided into two broad categories of urban and rural consumers. A total of 400 respondents from urban and 405 respondents from rural areas were selected for this study. The CVM calculated the overall price of green electricity for the improvement of environment through increasing the share of electricity from renewable energy sources. The widely used WTP measure double-bounded dichotomous was utilised to elicit the appropriate value of green electricity from the bid price. The results from the logit regressions showed that the respondents with high income and a higher level of education are willing to pay more for green electricity in both urban and rural models. However, results also revealed that the willingness to pay for green electricity is high in younger people than older people. The mean willingness to pay has found 0.33 cents per kWh in the urban model, while is 0.24 in the rural model. The results provided a guideline to the government to charge an appropriate surcharge from the consumers in order to enhance the share of green electricity in energy mix.

scholarly journals CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) OF SPECIAL TAX FOR NON-GREEN VEHICLES TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Sharul Shahida Shakrein Safian ◽  
Hanny Zurina Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Green Vehicles

The use of the green concept in the automotive industry as an energy-efficient transport innovation is still regarded as a new technology in Malaysia. It also has the potential to alleviate environmental issues in order to improve environmental performance in the automotive industry context. As such, the significance of green technology has become a growing concern, especially among developing countries. The purpose of this study is to determine consumers’ willingness to pay for green vehicles towards solving environmental issues in Malaysia. In order to achieve this, the consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) and their preferences were examined using the contingent valuation method (CVM) as found in previous studies. Data was gathered using survey questionnaires which were distributed among 445 Malaysians so as to know their preferences in terms of green vehicles and green practices. The data was analyzed using the Economic Valuation Method. The result shows that Malaysians are willing to pay the price increase in road tax by 6.49% maximum level for non-green vehicles as well as all control variables included in the doubled-bounded case. On the other hand, for a single-bounded case, the maximum value is 7.91% which is higher as respondents were given single WTP amount for acceptance compared to the double-bounded case when the initial WTP was followed by another different amount.

scholarly journals PENILAIAN EKONOMI PENANGKARAN RUSA DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA WAN ABDUL RACHMAN (TAHURA WAR) MENGGUNAKAN METODE KESEDIAAN MEMBAYAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Kevin Ewaldo Kahimpong
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
To Come

Lampung is one of the provinces that has various tourist objects, one of which is the Deer Breeding in Wan Abdul Rachman (WAR) Grand Forest Park (Tahura). Its use as a tourist attracts visitors to come and have recreation. As one of the efforts for sustainable use, it is necessary to carry out an economic valuation. The purpose of this study was to calculate the willingness to pay visitors to the Deer Breeding in Tahura WAR using the willingness to pay method and to estimate the revenue received from the tourist attraction of Tahura WAR Deer Captivity. The method used in this research is the willingness to pay method with the contingent valuation method (CVM) and the total revenue method. The research was conducted from February to March 2020. The respondents selected regarding the purposive sampling method that was 100 people. The results showed that the average value of the willingness to pay visitors in Tahura WAR Deer Breeding was Rp. 12.900,-/person/visit, and acceptance of the Tahura WAR Deer Breeding was Rp. 27.552.00.000,-/year the value obtained from the willingness to pay visitors to a hypothetical market in the form of making deer conservation education packages.

scholarly journals ANALISIS WILLINGNESS TO PAY DAN PENGARUH VARIABEL PENDAPATAN, JUMLAH TANGGUNGAN RUMAH TANGGA, USIA, AKSES KE SEKOLAH TERHADAP PEMILIHAN SERTA PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN SEKOLAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Christina Utami ◽  
Metta Padmalia
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
User Fees ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this study is to estimate and analyze the willingness to pay  and fax tor the factors that affect the willingness to pay at High School in the of Semarang. The method used is Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and multiple linear regression analysis. The number of samples in this study were 238 respondents, the sampling technique was done by snowball sampling. The results of this study indicate that the average willingness to pay (WTP) of households in High Schools in Semarang is Rp.559.034,00. Factors that have a significant influence on WTP values are income variables, number of household dependents, age and length of access. Whereas the factors that have no effect on willingness to pay (WTP) are parents' education variables. Based on the results of the study, the suggestions that can be put forward are the management or the government to improve the quality of the Vocational School as well as the development of a transparency policy on the collection and allocation of user fees and other resources.

scholarly journals The Valuation of Grassland Ecosystem Services in Inner Mongolia of China and Its Spatial Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ning ◽  
Jianjun Jin ◽  
Foyuan Kuang ◽  
Xinyu Wan ◽  
Chenyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
Spatial Differences

Economic valuation of grassland ecosystem services is important for protecting and restoring grassland ecosystems. This study aims to investigate Chinese netizens’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for protecting grassland ecosystem services in Inner Mongolia by using the contingent valuation method. The results indicate that 61.55% of respondents expressed a positive WTP. The mean WTP was estimated to be CNY 170.76 (USD 25.11) per person per year. We found that there is a significant spatial difference in respondent’s WTP. Factors such as respondent age, education, household income and concern about grassland protection significantly affected their WTP. Younger, more educated and wealthier respondents have a higher probability of willingness to pay, and those who are concerned about grassland protection present a higher WTP. The regression results also show that distance from the grassland negatively affects the probability and values of people’s WTP. Findings of this research provide useful policy implications for decision-makers involved in grassland protection and management.

scholarly journals Smallholder Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Agricultural Production Cost Insurance in Rural West Java, Indonesia: A Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) Approach

Risks ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadang Jainal Mutaqin ◽  
Koichi Usami
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
West Java ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
The Government

To reduce the negative impacts of risks in farming due to climate change, the government implemented agricultural production cost insurance in 2015. Although a huge amount of subsidy has been allocated by the government (80 percent of the premium), farmers’ participation rate is still low (23 percent of the target in 2016). In order to solve the issue, it is indispensable to identify farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for and determinants of their participation in agricultural production cost insurance. Based on a field survey of 240 smallholder farmers in the Garut District, West Java Province in August–October 2017 and February 2018, the contingent valuation method (CVM) estimated that farmers’ mean willingness to pay (WTP) was Rp 30,358/ha/cropping season ($2.25/ha/cropping season), which was 16 percent lower than the current premium (Rp 36,000/ha/cropping season = $2.67/ha/cropping season). Farmers who participated in agricultural production cost insurance shared some characteristics: operating larger farmland, more contact with agricultural extension service, lower expected production for the next cropping season, and a downstream area location.

scholarly journals Analysis of Willingness to Pay (WTP) at Vocational High School

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Anik Susanti ◽  
Dyah Maya Nihayah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this study is to estimate and analyze the willingness to pay (willingness to pay) and fax tor the factors that affect the willingness to pay at Vocational High School in the  of Semarang. The method used is Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and multiple linear regression analysis. The number of samples in this study were 100 respondents, the sampling technique was done by purposive sampling and proportional sampling. The results of this study indicate that the average willingness to pay (WTP) of households in Vocational High Schools in Semarang  is Rp. 167.950,00. Factors that have a significant influence on WTP values ​​are income variables, number of household dependents, age and length of access. Whereas the factors that have no effect on willingness to pay (WTP) are parents' education variables. Based on the results of the study, the suggestions that can be put forward are the management or the government to improve the quality of the Vocational School as well as the development of a transparency policy on the collection and allocation of user fees and other resources

scholarly journals Society’s Willingness to Pay for Certified Dry Firewood Energy in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leidy Y. García ◽  
Arcadio A. Cerda ◽  
Rocio del P. Lagos ◽  
Patricio I. Muñoz ◽  
Monserrat Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Wood Burning ◽  
Pollution Damage ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Government ◽  
Non Market Valuation

Introduction: Air pollution is present in most cities in Chile due to smoke produced from firewood, as happened in many developing countries, generating various health problems among the population. This situation is especially prevalent in all cities in central and southern Chile. To mitigate it, the government implemented several measures, among which are the promotion of the use of certified dry firewood and hourly restrictions on the use of wood-burning stoves for heating according to the peak emissions of particulate matter.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the willingness to pay for certified dry firewood as a means of reducing environmental restrictions on the use of wood-burning stoves to heat households.Materials and methods: The study used a non-market valuation, specifically contingent valuation, method using a double-bounded dichotomous choice format with the estimation of biprobit econometric models.Results: The results showed that the average individual was willing to pay 12 USD, and extrapolating that to the local population’s willingness to pay yielded an economic value of 3,415,140 USD, which to a certain extent represents the valuation of air pollution damage.Conclusion: Our results showed that people positively valued the use of dry firewood as a payment vehicle to improve air quality and thereby reduce restrictions on the use of certified dry firewood for heating. Therefore, complementary environmental policy measures should be continued to address the problem of air pollution in both the short and long term.

scholarly journals Assessment of the willingness of households to pay for clean water use in Cang Long district, Tra Vinh province

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Dung C. Le
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Minimum Volume ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to estimate the willingness of households to pay for domestic clean water use against its price in rural areas of Cang Long district, Tra Vinh province. This research also identified the possibility and factors affecting the willingness to pay for a given price of 6,500 VND or above per m3 of clean water. A contingent valuation method with multiple prices (bidding game) ranging from VND 5,000 to VND 9,000 per m3 of clean water was applied to interview 120 households in Cang Long district. Results showed that the mean willingness to pay was VND 6,200 for each m3 of clean water used. The income positively affected the willingness to pay against the price of 6,500 VND or above whereas the household size had a negative impact on this parameter. It is suggested that the service provider should consider to extent the minimum volume of water used up to 10 m3/month instead of 4 m3/month in accordance with the minimum price of 5,700 VND per m3 of water used.

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