scholarly journals Toxicity Effects of Selected Heavy Metals on Lactuca sativa and Hydra viridissima used for Sustainable Crop Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Lina Maria Caceres Diaz ◽  
Claudia Campos ◽  
Gideon Oron
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Toxicity Effects

This study examines the prospects for using Hydra viridissima toxicity test 96-h LC50, served as a model invertebrate, Lactuca sativa L. was applied for seeds toxicity test (120-h IC50) and a model plant for an acute toxicity assessment of heavy metals content in water. The heavy metals used to assess the acute toxicity of the water utilized for agricultural irrigation in arid regions includes cadmium (CdCl2.2H2O), chromium (K2Cr2O7), zinc (ZnSO4. 7H2O), and boron (H3BO3). A grading of the substances was conducted, and it was found that the toxicity levels for H. viridissima and L. sativa were, with the least harmful first: B < Cr < Zn < Cd and Zn < B < Cr < Cd, respectively. Results indicate that H. viridissima was a more sensitive indicator of toxicity for all of the evaluated substances. However, L. sativa could also be used successfully to rank toxicants in order of their potential hazards.

scholarly journals ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF HOLOTHURIA ATRA IN MICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
PANDU SALIM HANAFI ◽  
AJI SUTRISNO ◽  
TUTIK MURNIASIH ◽  
HARIJONO ◽  
MASTERIA YUNOVILSA PUTRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Holothuria Atra

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological potential of the ethanol extract of Holothuria atra through the acute oral toxicity – acute toxic class method. Methods: The sample was immersed in ethanol for 72 h at room temperature and repeated 3 times. The extracts were evaporated using a vacuum rotary evaporator. The identification of compounds in the ethanol extract of H. atra was carried out using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis. The acute toxicity test was examined the effects of treating male mice with the ethanol extract of H. atra at 300 and 2000 mg/kg by oral administration for 14 days. On the past day of the toxicity test, liver of all experimental animals was taken for histopathological testing. Results: LCMS analysis showed that the ethanol extract of H. atra is contained polar compounds (chlorogenic acid, coumaric acid, a glycosaminoglycan, and holothurin) and non-polar compounds (fatty acids). Acute toxicity study was performed at a dose of 300 and 2000 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. No deaths or behavioral changes were observed during the administration of both doses. Histopathological test results on the liver showed a few changes at doses of 2000 mg/kg. Conclusions: The LD50 is equal to 5000 mg/kg and the ethanol extracts of H. atra can be classified as practically nontoxic. However, further studies are required to proceed to clinical studies in humans.

Acute Toxicity of Cadmium, Copper, Mercury and Zinc to Chydorus Sphaericus (Cladocera) from Three Quebec Lakes

1983 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Lalande ◽  
B. Pinel-Alloul
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Chydorus Sphaericus ◽  
Daphnia Species ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Comparative Toxicity ◽  
Individual Metal ◽  
Polluted Lake

Abstract Most experiments on the effects of pollutants on zooplankton have been done with laboratory-cultured Daphnia species, but relatively few have been based on the naturally-occuring crustaceans. This study deals with cultures of Chydorus sphaericus, a cladoceran from three Quebec lakes (one polluted lake and two nonpolluted lakes), in a comparative toxicity test involving four heavy metals. Experiments were performed according to a static toxicity protocol, using at least five concentrations per test, five replicates per concentration, ten organisms per replicate and 200 ml volumes of metal solutions. The 48-hr EC50 of each individual metal and of the combination of metals were determined for each culture and for different size classes. The overall toxicity trend is : mixture &gt; Hg &gt;&gt; Cu ≥ Cd &gt; Zn. Juveniles appeared to be more sensitive than adults to heavy metals, but the observed differences were not statistically significant. Contrary to expectation, cultures from nonpolluted lakes showed higher EC50 mean values than the strain originating from a polluted lake.

Heavy metals deposited in the culture of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) by the influence of vehicular traffic in Pernambuco, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda C.S.S. França ◽  
Adriana M.A. Albuuerque ◽  
Amanda C. Almeida ◽  
Patrícia B. Silveira ◽  
Crescêncio A. Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L

Toxicity assessment using Lactuca sativa L. bioassay of the metal(loid)s As, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in soluble-in-water saturated soil extracts from an abandoned mining site

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gracia Bagur-González ◽  
Carmen Estepa-Molina ◽  
Francisco Martín-Peinado ◽  
Salvador Morales-Ruano
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Water Saturated

scholarly journals Assessment of morphophysiological characteristics of lettuce Lactuca sativa L. after exposure to simulated space flight conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 35-35
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Kazakova ◽  
Marina Podobed ◽  
Alexander Prazyan ◽  
Daria Babina ◽  
Ekaterina Shesterikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Space Flight ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Proton Irradiation ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Space Conditions

A number of morphophysiological parameters of the candidate crop Lactuca sativa L. for growing in space after influence of the combined action of proton irradiation and clinostating were assessed. It was found that the effect of simulated space conditions reduces the surface area of leaf blades, the mass of roots and shoots of lettuce plants, was not change the number of true leaves. After 20 days of cultivation of L. sativa after irradiation and clinostating, the values of the parameters of the length of shoots, roots, and chlorophyll fluorescence were at the level of control plants. The results obtained contribute to the development of space crop production. Key words: GROWING PLANTS IN SPACE, SALAD CROPS, SOWED LETTUCE, IRRADIATION, PROTONS, STRESS, CLINOSTAT

scholarly journals Acute toxicity of water and aqueous extract of soils from Champotón river in Lactuca sativa L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Chan-Keb ◽  
Claudia M. Agraz-Hernández ◽  
Roman A. Perez-Balan ◽  
Mónica I. Gómez-Solano ◽  
Teresita D.N.J. Maldonado-Montiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L

scholarly journals Biodisponibilidade de metilmercúrio, zinco e cobre em distintas frações granulométricas de solo contaminado utilizando oligoquetas da espécie Eisenia andrei

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gonçalves Cesar ◽  
Silvia Gonçalves Egler ◽  
Helena Polivanov ◽  
Zuleica Carmen Castilhos ◽  
Ana Paula de Castro Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Minas Gerais State

The scientific community has been concerned about heavy metals contamination and their effects on human health and the environment. Rural areas of Descoberto municipality, southern Minas Gerais State, were submitted to gold extraction using rudimentary techniques of mineral processing. In 2002, local population detected metallic mercury presence on soil surface, and in 2005 Environmental Foundation of Minas Gerais State (FEAM) delimited a critical contamination area. This works proposes bioavailability assessment of mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in distinct grain sizes of a soil sample collected into the critical area delimited by FEAM. Granulometric analysis was done using nylon sieves of 200 # (75 µm), 100 # (150 µm), 80 # (180 µm), 42 # (350 µm) and 10 # (1700 µm). Mineralogical characterization was executed using X-ray difratometry. Earthworms acute toxicity test follows ASTM (2004) procedures. Metals determination in soil and earthworms was performed using Atomic Absorption technique. Methylmercury (MeHg) quantification was made using Gas Chromatography. Grain sizes analysis showed sand predominance. Total chemical analysis demonstrated a very high level of contamination of Hg, Zn and Cu, confirming previous studies executed by FEAM. It was observed an affinity between grain size and metals concentrations, which is related to increasing specific surface. Acute toxicity test denoted that earthworms absorbed Hg and Cu from the soil, and Zn uptake involved absorption and bioaccumulation for smaller grain sizes. Total chemical analysis of metals in earthworms revealed that finer granulometric intervals showed higher levels of heavy metals bioavaibility. MeHg quantification denoted concentrations about 21 a 33% of total Hg. In conclusion, it is expected that these results can give an important support for future decisions in medical geology programs and in environmental control actions

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