scholarly journals How Much Do Rice Farmers Earn from Their Crops? Evidence from a Rice-Exporting Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Tran Quoc Nhan ◽  
Le Thi Van Ly ◽  
Le Van Tan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Land Size ◽  
Farming Households

This study aims to investigate the earning capability of rice-farming households in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta. The Delta is recognized as the largest rice-producing region in Vietnam that is known as the world’s third rice exporter. We used data collected from a farm-household survey with 110 rice farmers and applied descriptive statistics and correlation model for data analysis. We found that although the production scale of rice farmers is relatively small, their rice cultivation is profitable. The findings illustrated that the rice-farming household’s income was significantly associated with rice income and rice land size. This suggests that the rice households’ income is likely to rely on their farm size. Evidence from the study showed that rice households, particularly small-scale farms earn low income and they are likely to remain poor and in a state of poverty. The implication of the study may be that the Vietnamese government should amend the policy on rice land use and pay more considerable attention to small-farm households.

scholarly journals Profit Efficiency and Poverty Status of Farmers in Selected Rice Growing Communities in Cross River State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Idiong C. Idiong ◽  
Michael A. Iko
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Profit Efficiency ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Farming Households

Aim: This study analyzed the profit efficiency and poverty status of rice farmers in selected rice growing communities in Cross River State, Nigeria. Methodology: The multistage random sampling was used to select rice farming households in the study area. Primary data were collected by means of questionnaire. The mean per capita household expenditure (MPCHHE) and the P-alpha measures of poverty were used for the measurement of poverty while the Stochastic Profit Frontier (SPF) was used to obtain the efficiency estimates and determinants among the rice farming households. The logit regression model was also used to show the effect of some factors on poverty status of the rice farmers. Results and Discussion: The results showed that, out of the 64.32% of the farmers who were generally poor, 40.85% and 23.47% of them were assessed to extremely and moderately poor respectively. The incidence, depth and severity of poverty were 65.32%, 27.84% and 16.38% respectively. The study further showed that profit efficiency ranged between 0.34 and 1.0 with mean efficiency of 0.73, suggesting that there are opportunities for rice farmers in the State to increase their farm income with a view of reducing their poverty levels. The result indicate that educational level, farm size and efficiency negatively influenced poverty while sex, age, educational level, farm size, household size and farming experience were the main determinants of profit efficiency. Inadequate credit access, capital and supply of farm inputs; high cost of labour, poor marketing outlets, and near absence of modern processing facilities were the rice production constraints. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study has shown that rice farmers in the State were majorly poor and relatively efficient with opportunities for improvement. To improve the profit efficiency of rice farmers and reduce their household poverty status would require addressing some vital policy indicators that influenced them. Such policies should encourage experienced rice farmers to remain in production, the raising of the level of education of the poor through adult education, and provision of single digit interest loans and input subsidies to enable the farmers increase their farm sizes.

scholarly journals Poultry farmer response to disease outbreaks in smallholder farming systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Delabouglise ◽  
Nguyen Thi Le Thanh ◽  
Huynh Thi Ai Xuyen ◽  
Benjamin Nguyen-Van-Yen ◽  
Phung Ngoc Tuyet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAvian influenza outbreaks have been occurring on smallholder poultry farms in Asia for two decades. Farmer responses to these outbreaks can slow down or accelerate virus transmission. We used a longitudinal survey of 53 small-scale chicken farms in southern Vietnam to investigate the impact of outbreaks with disease-induced mortality on harvest rate, vaccination, and disinfection behaviors. We found that in small broiler flocks (≤16 birds/flock) the estimated probability of harvest was 56% higher when an outbreak occurred, and 214% higher if an outbreak with sudden deaths occurred in the same month. Vaccination and disinfection were strongly positively correlated with flock size and farm size, respectively. Small-scale farmers – the overwhelming majority of poultry producers in low-income countries – tend to rely on rapid sale of birds to mitigate losses from diseases. As depopulated birds are sent to markets or trading networks, this reactive behavior has the potential to enhance onward transmission.One sentence summaryA cohort study of fifty three small-scale poultry farms in southern Vietnam reveals that when outbreaks occur with symptoms similar to highly pathogenic avian influenza, farmers respond by sending their chickens to market early, potentially exacerbating the effects of the outbreak.

scholarly journals Changes in Social Capital

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Anh Tuan ◽  
Alison Cottrell ◽  
David King
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Labor Exchange ◽  
Collective Farming ◽  
The Social

This paper describes how the social capital of rice farmers of the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, as manifested in the tradition of collective farming practice, has changed. Collective rice farming persisted for decades, irrespective of critical events that challenged its continuation, due to two key factors: the high need for collective farming to ensure subsistence, and the availability of a closely knit social network that facilitated the exchange of labor. Despite its longevity, the practice of collective farming, particularly in terms of labor exchange and mutual aid in farming activities, has not been maintained under current agrarian reforms. Land reform, increased mechanization, and shortened crop cycles leading to labor shortages have all resulted in individualized rice farming, making mobilization for spontaneous collective action at the community level challenging.

scholarly journals Economic role of education in agriculture: evidence from rural Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Khuong Ninh
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Farming Households

PurposeThis paper investigates the impact of education on output of rice farming households in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachGiven the literature review, this paper specifies three empirical models (i.e. linear constant coefficient model, partially nonlinear model and linear varied coefficient model) with variables that well describe the mechanism through which education affects output. The data were collected from 901 rice farming households randomly selected out of ten provinces and city in the Mekong River Delta (MRD) of Vietnam. The models are estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) and Robinson's (1988) double residual estimators.FindingsEstimates of the empirical models show that seed, fertilizer, labor and farm size have significant impacts on output of rice farming households while pesticide and herbicide do not. Education is also found to have a positive effect on output of rice farming households because it helps them better manage farms of larger size via combining various inputs in a more desirable way.Originality/valueThis paper confirms the positive impact of education on agricultural output, which implies that policies aiming to provide better education to rural people will greatly enhance their income as well as trigger long-term economic and agricultural growth.

scholarly journals Case study on the living standard of rice famers in An Giang province in the period of 2005-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (X1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Tran Gia Pham
Keyword(s):  
Living Standards ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Negative Change ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Farming Households

For a more comprehensive look at the life of rice farmers in the context of environmental change, research on the change of the living standards of rice farming households in the period of 2005-2014 is done. In this study, social survey is utilized with sample size of 46 rice farming households in 6 districts in An Giang province (7-8 households/district on average) with the tool for data collection and analyzing having been the chart of selfevaluation of rice farmers on their living standards in the last 10 years. The study results showed that rice farming livelihood improves the life of farmers. However, if considered it during a long time, the living standard of the majority of rice farming households did not increase. Rice production is a kind of livelihood related to risks caused by negative change of the natural environment and the rice market's volatility. To adapt with the change of environment and to maintain the living standard, the rice farmers have implemented such solutions as livelihood diversification, plant transformation, increase of the cultivated areas and of investment in education for their children. Together with the goal of ensuring food security and enhancing rice exports, it is necessary to ensure profit, living standards of rice farmers, to strengthen their resources adapting to climate change, and to link the production with the market and international integration.

Socio-economic and environmental barriers to increased agricultural production: New evidence from central Thailand

2020 ◽  
pp. 003072702096736
Author(s):  
Chidchanok Apipoonyanon ◽  
Sylvia Szabo ◽  
Takuji W Tsusaka ◽  
Kevin Leeson ◽  
Endro Gunawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Female Headed Households

Thailand’s agricultural production has played a major role in enhancing the sustainability of domestic food supplies and successful international exports. However, agricultural production and farm productivity remain relatively low, especially in rapidly ageing high out-migration areas and among small-scale farmers. In this study, we use new household survey data from Prachinburi Province to examine the probability of facing six specific barriers to agricultural production. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a series of logistic regressions to identify the determinants. The results show that age of household head, off-farm income, farm size, and farm type were all associated with the likelihood of different productivity barriers. Gender of household heads was found to be associated with the probability of farm labour shortage, with female-headed households being at a disadvantage. We recommend that policies should be formulated to address these significant factors in order to overcome or circumvent the different barriers and enhance the livelihoods of the local population.

scholarly journals Profitability of rice production in different production systems in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-246
Author(s):  
Nneka Chidiebere-Mark ◽  
Donatus Ohajianya ◽  
Polycarp Obasi ◽  
Steve Onyeagocha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Cooperative Groups ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Farming Households

AbstractProfitability of rice production in different production systems in Ebonyi State, Nigeria was evaluated. Rice is critical for food security in Nigeria, hence, farmers need to make appropriate choices of rice production systems to optimize production and ensure an adequate domestic supply. This study used 2015 survey data from rice farming households. Rice farmers in swamp, lowland and upland rice production systems showed variability in profit. Swamp production systems had the highest return per hectare (29.37%) followed by lowland production systems (20.10%) and upland production systems (13.03%). Poor access to production credit and climate change were constraints to rice production in the area. Rice production using the swamp production system is profitable and would ensure increased production and higher returns to the farmers. It is recommended that farmers should form cooperative groups to enable them to pool resources together to boost their production.

scholarly journals Farm expansion under credit constraint: evidence from commercial rice farmers in Guangxi, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
Xinjian Chen ◽  
Di Zeng ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Chen Kang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Credit Constraint ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Moderate Scale ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

Agricultural production decisions in China are usually financially constrained, and the lack of credit often can prevent profitable investment such as farm expansion that generates economies of scale. However, farm expansion is still increasingly observed in China, where more smallholders are expanding farms towards moderate-scale operation, especially in the rice sector. This study investigates this paradox by specifically assessing the impact of credit constraint on farm expansion decisions using a representative household survey of rice farmers in Guangxi Province, China. Farm expansion is empirically measured by both actual expansion in the past five years and the willingness to expand in the near future, which is predicted by a series of factors where the possible endogeneity of credit constraint is accounted for using instrumental variable techniques. It is found that credit constraint negatively and significantly affects farm expansion. Such impact is heterogeneous and is larger among moderate scale holders. Our findings highlight the importance and necessity of offering financial services to relatively small-scale commercial farms in developing countries to relax their credit constraints.

scholarly journals Determinants of Economic Farm-Size–Efficiency Relationship in Smallholder Maize Farms in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajuruchukwu Obi ◽  
Balogun Taofeek Ayodeji
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Land Size ◽  
Farming Households ◽  
Size Efficiency

The economic farm-size–efficiency relationship for maize remains unclear. A question that has yet to be answered conclusively is whether farm size affects productivity. The debate on land-appropriation-without-compensation ultimately revolves around the optimal land size and conditions under which farmers can benefit from a more rational utilization of available land. As important as the farm-size–efficiency debate is, it has not received much attention since the launch of the land reform programme. Again, the farm sizes examined in the previous studies reflected large-scale commercial agriculture and were mainly in relation to wheat production rather than the dietary staple of maize. This paper applied parametric efficiency measures under alternative distributional assumptions to data generated from 267 maize-farming households, to understand the economic farm-size–efficiency relationships and their determinants. It emerged that, while farm size is a key determinant of economic efficiency in maize production, its effect on technical efficiency is still contested. Findings suggest that farmer support should be prioritized, and the government’s efforts to make farmers more productive should emphasize gender equity and optimal use of land.

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