Yap, Taz and Areg Expression in Eighth Cranial Nerve Schwannoma

Background Although the diagnosis and treatment of eighth cranial nerve (VIII CN) schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) has improved over the years, no factors capable of predicting tumor growth have been identified as yet. This study is a preliminary investigation of the expression in sporadic VIII CN schwannomas of Yes-associated protein (YAP), transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and amphiregulin (AREG), a direct target gene of YAP and TAZ. The expression of YAP, TAZ and AREG was correlated with the volumetric dimensions of tumors on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (ceMRI). Methods YAP, TAZ and AREG expression was assessed immunohistochemically in surgical specimens of 36 consecutive sporadic VIII CN schwannomas. 3D reconstructions of the tumors and their corresponding volumes in cm3 were obtained from measurements on ceMRI images using the OsiriX® software. Results We found a significant direct correlation between TAZ expression and VIII CN schwannoma volumes on latest preoperative ceMRI (p<0.0003). Mean TAZ expression was also significantly higher in VIII CN schwannomas with a volume ≥2.1 cm3 than in those with a volume <2.1 cm3 (p<0.0018). No significant correlations emerged for YAP or AREG expression and VIII CN schwannoma volume. Conclusions The immunohistochemical expression of TAZ (but not YAP or AREG) correlated significantly with schwannoma volume measured on ceMRI. Further investigations are needed to identify the biological factors influencing tumor proliferation (ideally secreted proteins like AREG) that might be detected using non-invasive approaches (i.e., blood samples).

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Expression and Clinical Significance of YAP, TAZ, and AREG in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2014/261365 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Su-xia Han ◽

E. Bai ◽

Gui-hua Jin ◽

Chen-chen He ◽

Xi-jing Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Immunohistochemical Staining ◽

Target Gene ◽

Hippo Pathway ◽

Prognostic Indicator ◽

Binding Motif ◽

Direct Target Gene ◽

Epidermal Growth ◽

Direct Target

Purpose. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are two important effectors of Hippo pathway controlling the balance of organ size and carcinogenesis. Amphiregulin (AREG) is a member of the epidermal growth factor family, a direct target gene of YAP and TAZ. The role of these proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear.Methods. The expression of YAP, TAZ, and AREG in HCC was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. The level of secreted serum AREG was also assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay.Results. YAP, TAZ, and AREG were expressed in 69.2% (27/39), 66.7% (26/39), and 61.5% (24/39) of HCC patients. The expression of YAP was significantly correlated with Edmondson stage (P>0.05), serum AFP level (P>0.05), and HCC prognosis (P>0.05). AREG expression was also significantly correlated with Edmondson stage (P>0.05) and serum AFP level (P>0.05). In addition, the expression of serum AREG was higher than serum AFP in HCC patients. Further multivariate analysis showed that YAP expression was an independent prognostic factor that significantly affected the overall survival of HCC patients.Conclusions. YAP maybe an independent prognostic indicator for HCC patients and serum AREG may be a serological biomarker of HCC.

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Non-invasive ultrasound-based imaging of atherosclerosis

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000747 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 126-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mathias Kaspar ◽

Iris Baumgartner ◽

Daniel Staub ◽

Heinz Drexel ◽

Christoph Thalhammer

Keyword(s):

Large Population ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Flow Mediated Dilation ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Grey Scale ◽

Current Review ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Contrast Enhanced

Abstract. Early detection of vascular damage in atherosclerosis and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk factors are the basis for appropriate treatment strategies in cardiovascular medicine. The current review focuses on non-invasive ultrasound-based methods for imaging of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an accepted early manifestation of atherosclerosis. The most widely used technique to study endothelial function is non-invasive, flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery under high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Although an increased intima-media thickness value is associated with future cardiovascular events in several large population studies, systematic use is not recommended in clinical practice for risk assessment of individual persons. Carotid plaque analysis with grey-scale median, 3-D ultrasound or contrast-enhanced ultrasound are promising techniques for further scientific work in prevention and therapy of generalized atherosclerosis.

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Feasibility of a New Non Invasive Method for the Evaluation of Coronary Blood Flow in the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery: Contrast-enhanced Transthoracic Harmonic Echo Doppler

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(97)84245-3 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 124A-125A ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C Caiati

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Blood Flow ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Invasive Method

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Neurovascular Compression Syndrome of the Eighth Cranial Nerve: Clinical Features and Medical Treatment

Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.3342/kjorl-hns.2014.57.8.518 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 (8) ◽

pp. 518 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dong-Hyun Kim ◽

Hyung-Jong Kim ◽

Sung-Kwang Hong ◽

Hyo-Jeong Lee

Keyword(s):

Medical Treatment ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Cranial Nerve ◽

Neurovascular Compression ◽

Eighth Cranial Nerve ◽

Compression Syndrome ◽

Neurovascular Compression Syndrome

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A novel use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in uterine artery embolization

American Journal of Interventional Radiology ◽

10.25259/ajir_3_2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Jemianne Bautista Jia ◽

Eric Mastrolonardo ◽

Mateen Soleman ◽

Ilya Lekht

Keyword(s):

Uterine Artery Embolization ◽

Uterine Artery ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽

Artery Embolization ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Contrast Enhanced

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a cost-effective, quick, and non-invasive imaging modality that has yet to be incorporated in uterine artery embolization (UAE). We present two cases that demonstrate the utility of CEUS in UAE for the identification of uterine-ovarian collaterals which otherwise can result in ineffective fibroid treatment and non-target embolization.

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Role of Yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif in the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis

Archives of Oral Biology ◽

10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105164 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105164

Author(s):

Mohit Sharma ◽

Keith D. Hunter ◽

Felipe Paiva Fonseca ◽

Smitha Sammith Shetty ◽

Raghu Radhakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Malignant Transformation ◽

Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽

Binding Motif ◽

Transcriptional Coactivator ◽

Submucous Fibrosis

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CT diagnosis of ilioinguinal lymph node metastases in melanoma using radiological characteristics beyond size and asymmetry

BJS Open ◽

10.1093/bjsopen/zraa005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

M J Wilkinson ◽

H Snow ◽

K Downey ◽

K Thomas ◽

A Riddell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Poor Predictor ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Enhanced Ct ◽

Node Metastases

Abstract Background Diagnosis of lymph node (LN) metastasis in melanoma with non-invasive methods is challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of six LN characteristics on CT in detecting melanoma-positive ilioinguinal LN metastases, and to determine whether inguinal LN characteristics can predict pelvic LN involvement. Methods This was a single-centre retrospective study of patients with melanoma LN metastases at a tertiary cancer centre between 2008 and 2016. Patients who had preoperative contrast-enhanced CT assessment and ilioinguinal LN dissection were included. CT scans containing significant artefacts obscuring the pelvis were excluded. CT scans were reanalysed for six LN characteristics (extracapsular spread (ECS), minimum axis (MA), absence of fatty hilum (FH), asymmetrical cortical nodule (CAN), abnormal contrast enhancement (ACE) and rounded morphology (RM)) and compared with postoperative histopathological findings. Results A total of 90 patients were included. Median age was 58 (range 23–85) years. Eighty-eight patients (98 per cent) had pathology-positive inguinal disease and, of these, 45 (51 per cent) had concurrent pelvic disease. The most common CT characteristics found in pathology-positive inguinal LNs were MA greater than 10 mm (97 per cent), ACE (80 per cent), ECS (38 per cent) and absence of RM (38 per cent). In multivariable analysis, inguinal LN characteristics on CT indicative of pelvic disease were RM (odds ratio (OR) 3.3, 95 per cent c.i. 1.2 to 8.7) and ECS (OR 4.2, 1.6 to 11.3). Cloquet’s node is known to be a poor predictor of pelvic spread. Pelvic LN disease was present in 50 per cent patients, but only 7 per cent had a pathology-positive Cloquet’s node. Conclusion Additional CT radiological characteristics, especially ECS and RM, may improve diagnostic accuracy and aid clinical decisions regarding the need for inguinal or ilioinguinal dissection.

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Vestibular neuritis caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection diagnosed by serology: Case report

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1177/2050313x211013261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 2050313X2110132

Author(s):

Alexandra Halalau ◽

Madalina Halalau ◽

Christopher Carpenter ◽

Amr E Abbas ◽

Matthew Sims

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Medical History ◽

Cranial Nerve ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Vestibular Neuritis ◽

Past Medical History ◽

Significant Past Medical History ◽

Eighth Cranial Nerve ◽

Male Physician

Vestibular neuritis is a disorder selectively affecting the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve generally considered to be inflammatory in nature. There have been no reports of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing vestibular neuritis. We present the case of a 42-year-old Caucasian male physician, providing care to COVID-19 patients, with no significant past medical history, who developed acute vestibular neuritis, 2 weeks following a mild respiratory illness, later diagnosed as COVID-19. Physicians should keep severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 high on the list as a possible etiology when suspecting vestibular neuritis, given the extent and implications of the current pandemic and the high contagiousness potential.

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