Morvan’s syndrome: case report
Introduction: Morvan’s syndrome is a rare neurological condition characterized by the combination of central and peripheral symptoms such as neuromyotonia by fasciculation, dysautonomy and encephalopathy associated with laboratory evidence of the VGKC antibodies LGI1 and CASPR2. Case report: A 77-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with a 3-month history of mental confusion, alteration in memory and language, visual and auditory hallucinations, and seizures. He had a sudden decrease level of consciousness and generalized myoclonus, being admitted to the intensive care unit. Due to non-improvement of the neurological condition, the possibility of encephalitis rose, herpes simplex virus (HSV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 14.3.3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were performed, which resulted negative later. Analysis of CSF showed a high level of protein and cells. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed hypersignal activity in the bilateral internal capsule, temporal and frontal region. An extensive propaedeutic was performed for rapidly progressive dementia, including an autoimmune panel, with anti-glioma rich in inactivated leucine 1 (LGI-1) positive by indirect immunofluorescence. Discussion: the diagnosis of Morvan’s Syndrome is clinical. Some cases are reported with spontaneous remission and others that require extensive treatment, with immunotherapy, including plasmapheresis and immunosuppression. VGKC antibodies have been reported in association with three main clinical syndromes: neuromyotonia, Morvan’s syndrome and limbic encephalitis.