Effect of Winter Rye Cultivation to Improve Soil Fertility and Crop production in Alpine Upland in Korea

In most developing countries, climate variabilities and discount rate played an integral role in the decision-making of farmers, which mostly affect their net revenue. Our study employs Ricardian models to empirically verify this hypothesis using data collected from three major agro-climatic zones in Ghana. We particularly estimated the comparative effect of climate change variability, discount rate, and soil fertility; due to trade-off effect of certain farm practices in response to climate change across major climatic zones and also the fact that discount rate becomes an extremely critical issue in formulating and evaluating conservation and management policy to address climate change. The result indicates that discount rate has a positive and significant effect on the farmers’ net revenue. Further, effect of changes in temperature on food crop production and hence net revenue is more felt in the forest and savannah zones. On the other hand, an increase in rainfall has significant negative effects on crop net revenues and whole-farm net revenue, but a positive effect on net revenue of farmers in the savannah zone. We also found a significant increase in soil fertility to increase crop net revenues.

Download Full-text

Uses of different techniques for the production of sustainable soil and food

Journal of Botanical Research ◽

10.30564/jrb.v2i4.2325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Sahrish Khan ◽

Abdul Waris

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Disease Management ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Production ◽

Soil Structure ◽

Low Cost ◽

New Technology ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Soil Condition ◽

Plant Disease Management

Due to increase in the population which is estimated that the human papulation will increased 9.7 billion in 2050. There is also increase the demands of the food productions. That’s why there is need to solve the problems regarding to the production of the food. Major problem of the food production is the shortage of the land due to the low and bad soil structure and quality of the soil. Soil erosion is one of the main issue which is caused due to the used of different chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers which are mainly used for the plant growth and protection but they are the main reasons of the production of the pollution in the soil. There is need of the different new technology for the improvement of the soil structure, quality, its fertility and decontamination of pollution from the soil which are eco-friendly to the environment and have no adverse effect. In this study the role of the different techniques in which genetic engineering, Nano technologies, soil and crop management strategies, integrated pest control management strategies, sustainable remediation techniques, microbial management strategies and the different management stairgates. All these techniques aim to the production of the plants and microbes which are effective against plant disease management. The aim of the use nano agrochemicals and nano sensors for sensing environmental and pathogen conditions against disease management. The aim of the paper to provide the production of the disease resistance plant and the provide balanced nutrients supplements to the soil for the improvement of the soil condition and its fertility. These techniques have economic importance due to the use of the nano agrochemicals which are low cost and have effective and reduce the use of the chemicals substances which have negative effect on the soil fertility.. There are sustainable remediations techniques also discussed which are used for the decontamination of the soil pollution. In this study the main focus on the improve and increase soil fertility which enhance the growth of the plants as well the production of the crop production. The production of the stress and degradation resistance microbes which is important factor for the protection of the soil from degradation or contamination. All the techniques which are used in this paper have no adverse effect they are helpful in the tolerance of the stress conditions.

Download Full-text

Results of selection work with grain crops in the subarctic zone of the Russian Federation

Agrarian science ◽

10.32634/0869-8155-2021-345-2-63-66 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 63-66

Author(s):

O. B. Batakova ◽

V. A. Korelina ◽

I. V. Zobnina

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Spring Barley ◽

The State ◽

High Yield ◽

Winter Rye ◽

Grain Crops ◽

State Register ◽

Feed Direction ◽

Northern Regions ◽

The Russian Federation

Agriculture of the Northern regions specializes in animal husbandry, in this regard an urgent problem of crop production in the conditions of the Northern regions of the Russian Federation is the creation of precocious, high-yielding varieties of grain crops for fodder purposes. The article reflects the selection achievements in grain crops over the past seven years. The presented new varieties combine high yield, increased environmental plasticity, and have the ability to reduce their productivity to a lesser extent when cultivated in the harsh conditions of the Northern region. Breeding work conducted at the laboratory of crop production of the Primorskiy filial FGBUN FICKIA RAN - ArhNIISKH in 2005-2019, in breeding semipolar rotation in accordance with the "Guidelines on the selection of barley and oats" (2014), methodology of State Commission for testing of agricultural crops (1985). The digestibility of winter rye dry matter was determined by in vitro method on an artificial stomach. Statistical processing of experimental results was performed using the AGROS version 2.07 selection and genetic software package. Results of the study. As a result of selection work, precocious productive varieties of grain crops of the feed direction were bred and included in the state register. Bereginya — new-generation winter rye variety, universal use, with a low content of water-soluble pentosans in the grain. The variety has been included in the State register of selection achievements since 2013. Variety of spring barley Tausen — feed direction, resistant to environmental stress factors, high-yielding, resistant to lodging and pathogens (dusty smut, spotting). It has been included in the State register of selection achievements since 2014. Spring barley variety Kotlassky — feed direction precocious, productive, adaptive to adverse environmental factors, for obtaining concentrated feed for livestock and poultry. It has been included in the State register of breeding achievements since 2019. Arhan spring oat variety — environmentally plastic adapted to changes in soil and climate conditions, immune to dusty smut, combines a high yield of grain and green mass. Since 2020, it has been included in the State register of selection achievements.

Download Full-text

A semi-quantitative approach for modelling crop response to soil fertility: evaluation of the AquaCrop procedure

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859614000872 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 153 (7) ◽

pp. 1218-1233 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H. VAN GAELEN ◽

A. TSEGAY ◽

N. DELBECQUE ◽

N. SHRESTHA ◽

M. GARCIA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Water ◽

Crop Production ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Canopy Cover ◽

Quantitative Approach ◽

Fertility Level ◽

Crop Response ◽

Aquacrop Model

SUMMARYMost crop models make use of a nutrient-balance approach for modelling crop response to soil fertility. To counter the vast input data requirements that are typical of these models, the crop water productivity model AquaCrop adopts a semi-quantitative approach. Instead of providing nutrient levels, users of the model provide the soil fertility level as a model input. This level is expressed in terms of the expected impact on crop biomass production, which can be observed in the field or obtained from statistics of agricultural production. The present study is the first to describe extensively, and to calibrate and evaluate, the semi-quantitative approach of the AquaCrop model, which simulates the effect of soil fertility stress on crop production as a combination of slower canopy expansion, reduced maximum canopy cover, early decline in canopy cover and lower biomass water productivity. AquaCrop's fertility response algorithms are evaluated here against field experiments with tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) in Ethiopia, with maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Nepal, and with quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in Bolivia. It is demonstrated that AquaCrop is able to simulate the soil water content in the root zone, and the crop's canopy development, dry above-ground biomass development, final biomass and grain yield, under different soil fertility levels, for all four crops. Under combined soil water stress and soil fertility stress, the model predicts final grain yield with a relative root-mean-square error of only 11–13% for maize, wheat and quinoa, and 34% for tef. The present study shows that the semi-quantitative soil fertility approach of the AquaCrop model performs well and that the model can be applied, after case-specific calibration, to the simulation of crop production under different levels of soil fertility stress for various environmental conditions, without requiring detailed field observations on soil nutrient content.

Download Full-text

Direct and Residual Effects of Phosphate-Enhanced Organic Fertilizers on Soil Fertility and Crop Production

Soil as World Heritage ◽

10.1007/978-94-007-6187-2_40 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 405-410

Author(s):

V. Plǎmǎdealǎ ◽

L. Bulat

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Production ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Residual Effects

Download Full-text

Relative cost to soil fertility of long-term crop production without fertilization

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps96-071 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 401-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. A. Campbell ◽

F. Selles ◽

J. T. Harapiak ◽

G. P. Lafond

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Green Manure ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Crop Production ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Rotation Phase ◽

N Fertility

An earlier analysis of yield trends of stubble-wheat in six cropping systems, over 35 yr, in a thin Black Chernozemic soil at Indian Head, Saskatchewan, showed that fertilizer improved soil quality, while absence of fertilizer, combined with frequent fallowing, led to soil degradation. The inclusion of a legume green manure crop in the rotation failed to maintain soil fertility, apparently because legumes do not supply P. Because the fertility and stored moisture effects were confounded, we conducted a growth chamber experiment to quantify soil responses to N and P in these six cropping systems. Soil from the top 15-cm of the rotation phase that had just grown two successive wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops was used. Various factorial combinations of ammonium nitrate-N and triple superphosphate-P were applied at N/P2O5 rates up to 200/200 kg ha−1. Soil moisture was maintained in the available range. Regression analysis showed that the fallow-wheat-wheat (F-W-W) and continuous wheat (Cont W) systems that had not been fertilized in 35 yr, and which had moderate amounts of NaHCO3-P, only responded to N. In contrast, the green manure (GM)- and hay (H)- containing systems, which had also not been fertilized before had low levels of NaHCO3-P and responded to both N and P. In the field, the yields of wheat grown on stubble in 1991 rated: Cont W (N + P) > F-W-W (N + P) > F-W-W-H-H-H > Cont W > GM-W-W > F-W-W. However, in the growth chamber the rating was: Cont W (N + P) > F-W-W-H-H-H > GM-W-W > Cont W > F-W-W (N + P) > F-W-W. We suggest that the growth chamber results more accurately reflect the present fertility status of these soils, because fertility is no longer confounded with soil moisture. Grain yields in the growth chamber were directly proportional to the previously measured initial potential rate of N mineralization, indicating the value of the latter parameter as a useful index of soil N fertility. Key words: Nitrogen, phosphorus, soil degradation, legumes, fertilizers

Download Full-text