scholarly journals AS FRONTEIRAS FÍSICAS DO ESPAÇO RURAL: UMA CONCEPÇÃO NORMATIVO-DEMOGRÁFICA

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Almeida TAVARES
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Península Ibérica

O espaço rural brasileiro tem uma dimensão socioespacial, onde localizam atores sociais que historicamente constroem/ reconstroem sua realidade. Para sua análise predominam duas concepções: a normativa/demográfica, que não é utilizada pelo poder público brasileiro, mas usada nas análises por pesquisadores brasileiros, e é o critério que define o espaço rural em vários países europeus e latino-americanos; e a sociológica. Para sua melhor compreensão, partiu-se da origem dos municípios brasileiros, que vem do modelo da República Romana, de onde foi para a Península Ibérica, e o governo colonial português transpôs para cá. Quanto às normas jurídicas que delimitam seu perímetro urbano, vigoram desde o Estado Novo, por meio do vigente Decreto-Lei 318, de 1938; portanto, a delimitação do espaço rural e urbano normativamente é anacrônica e anômala. Na conclusão apresentam- se notas preliminares de uma nova tipologia para os municípios rurais brasileiros. The physical borders of the rural space: a demographic-normative conception Abstract The Brazilian rural space has a partner-dimension where social actors are located. These actors have built/rebuilt the reality. For the analysis of the rural space there are two main conceptions: normative/demographic, which is not used by the Brazilian public sector, but is used by Brazilian researchers, and it is the criterion used to define the rural space in several European and Latin American countries; and the sociological one. For better understanding, this analysis starts with the origin of Brazilian municipal districts, which were originated from the Roman Republic model, used in the Iberian Peninsula, and finally brought to Brazil by the Colonial Portuguese. In relation to juridical norms, Law number 318 delimits the urban perimeter since the “Estado Novo” period; therefore, the delimitation of the rural and urban space is anachronic and anomalous. At the conclusions, preliminary notes of a new typology for the Brazilian rural districts are presented.

scholarly journals Planeacion estratégica en Instituciones del Sector Publico de América Latina (Strategic planning in Latin America public sector institutions)

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Alberto Leer Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
World Class ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Latin American Countries

<p>Este artículo presenta la implementación de planes estratégicos por medio de la metodología de clase mundial del Balanced Scorecard de Kaplan y Norton en ministerios de varios países de América Latina, así como las adaptaciones necesarias, experiencias y lecciones aprendidas en el proceso.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This article presents the implementation of strategic plans using the methodology of Kaplan and Norton´s world class balanced scorecard with required adaptations in several Latin American countries ministries, and the knowledge and lessons learned in the process<strong><br /></strong></p>

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in Latin American countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1813-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Lamelas ◽  
Rafael Diaz ◽  
Andres Orlandini ◽  
Alvaro Avezum ◽  
Gustavo Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Control ◽  
Latin American Countries

Latin America: Farewell to Dependency

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
V. Krasil’shchikov
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Latin American Countries

The paper deals with the problem of dependent development and conservative modernization in Latin America. Whereas external dependency has been the permanent feature of Latin American development since colonial times, conservative modernization can be treated as the essential effect of this development. Almost all significant reforms in Latin American countries began earlier than the own premises for them could mature, because they were the obliged responses to the external challenges and shocks the continent underwent. The social actors of those reforms were often interested in adaptation of the obsolete socioeconomic structures and relationships to the changed external conditions instead of their destruction and genuine social renewal. The cases of authoritarian modernizations in the Southern Cone countries in the 1960s–80s clearly illustrated such attempts of the ruling groups to go forward whilst looking back. The neoliberal reforms of the 1990s demonstrated, at first glance, continuation of this practice being a form of modernisation for the upper classes’ advantages. Meanwhile, as the author argues, these reforms were actually a “swan song” of conservative modernization in Latin America. The “left turn” of the next decade did not abolish external dependency of Latin American countries, but created some important premises for the rise of internally rooted impulses to endogenous development. The new social actors of this development, such as various NGOs and left-wing movements, began to emerge in Latin America. They propose own programmes of transition towards a knowledge-based, innovative economy. This phenomenon allows to suppose that some Latin American countries have real chances for technological breakthroughs in the future, and it will be the genuine deliverance from the model of a dependent, imitative development.

scholarly journals Status Update of the Reimbursement Review Environment in the Public Sector across Four Latin American Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Augustovski ◽  
Jorge Augusto Diaz Rojas ◽  
Marcos Bosi Ferraz ◽  
Iris Contreras Hernandez ◽  
Bonnie M. Korenblat Donato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Public ◽  
Latin American Countries

Acceptability of the Contraceptive Vaginal Ring by rural and urban population in two Latin American countries

Contraception ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anibal Faundes ◽  
Ellen Hardy ◽  
Quintina Reyes ◽  
Laura Pastene ◽  
Ramon Portes-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Vaginal Ring ◽  
Contraceptive Vaginal Ring ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Latin American Countries

National Competitiveness in Comparative Perspective: Evidence from Latin America

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Weymouth ◽  
Richard Feinberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Latin America ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
Institutional Choices ◽  
Latin American Countries

AbstractThe term competitiveness is widely applied as a catch-all for investor-friendly policies and institutions. This article argues that sloppy applications of the term ignore the possibilities of policy tradeoffs and varieties of institutional choices. Popular conceptualizations of the term describe three discernible clusters of economic policies and institutions. One cluster captures openness to international trade; a second gauges regulatory impediments to private sector competition; a third refers to public sector investments in human capital, security, and infrastructure. This essay develops three empirical indexes to operationalize these clusters and shows that these concepts are not only theoretically but also empirically distinct. In particular, the correlation between these measures is not especially high in a sample of Latin American countries. The larger economies in the region tend to be more competitive on the regulatory and public goods dimensions but fall well behind smaller economies in terms of external competitiveness, broadly conceived.

scholarly journals 84 years of Mexico´s land use planning: reflections for biodiversity conservation

Nova Scientia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 592-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vianney Beraud-Macías ◽  
Joaquín Sosa-Ramírez ◽  
Yolanda Maya-Delgado ◽  
Miguel Córdoba ◽  
Alfredo Ortega-Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Latin American Countries

The present work objective is to understad the changes in the planning and administration of land uses in Mexico and to explore its possible relationship with the current environmental crisis, this is carried out within the context of the complex relations between society and environment and politics. The work hypothesis assumes that Mexico, like other Latin American countries, has based its planning of land uses on the recommendations of international organizations for the benefit of society as a whole and this has eroded their natural capital. It presents in general the panorama of the biodiversity at world-wide level and the antecedents in the investigation of the factors influecing the changes of land use of the soil in Latin America. The results describe the complex of changes in the administration of land use and the state of natural resources in the period analyzed. Finally, we discuss international contexts and the role of social actors in landscape transformation in Mexico. Our approach to the analysies will provide feedback of the successes and errors in the design of Mexican public policies in land use, hopefully providing a gateway to opening-up a more honest debate on the subject.

scholarly journals O RURAL E O URBANO NO CERRADO SUL-MARANHENSE: Balsas enquanto cenário de reprodução das transformações socioespaciais no pós 1980

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Francisco Lima Mota
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Productive Structure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

THE RURAL AND URBAN IN THE CERRADO SUL-MARANHENSE: Balsas while scenario of reproduction of socio-spatial transformations in the post 1980EL RURAL Y URBANO EN EL CERRADO SULMARANHENSE: Balsas como escenario de reproducción de las transformaciones socioespaciales en el post 1980O espaço agrário das áreas do bioma Cerrado vem, nas últimas décadas, passando por um processo de profundas transformações na sua estrutura produtiva como também na sua ordem técnica. Dessa forma, observa-se que os efeitos gerados pela relação que se criou entre os espaços urbanos e rurais, relação esta oriunda de uma agricultura globalizada, passaram por uma total reestruturação das suas bases sociais e econômicas. Por isso, este estudo visa compreender as recentes relações criadas entre o campo e a cidade, vistas agora pela inserção do meio técnico científico informacional através das atividades agrícolas ligadas ao agronegócio sojeiro no município de Balsas na região Sul do estado do Maranhão.Palavras-chave: Espaço Rural; Espaço Urbano; Reestruturação Produtiva; Cidade do Agronegócio.ABSTRACTThe agrarian space of the areas of the Cerrado biome, have seen in the last decades going through a process of deep transformations in its productive structure as well as in its technical order. In this way, it observes that the effects generated by the relationship that has been created between urban and rural spaces, a result of a globalized agriculture, have undergone a total restructuring of their social and economic bases. Therefore, this study aims to understand the recent relationships created between the countryside and the city, now seen by the insertion of the technical informational scientific means through agricultural activities related to the agribusiness sojeiro in the municipality of Balsas in the southern region of the State of Maranhão.Keywords: Rural Space; Urban Space; Productive Restructuring; Agribusiness City.RESUMENEl espacio agrario de las áreas del bioma Cerrado, ven en las últimas décadas pasando por un proceso de profundas transformaciones en su estructura productiva, así como en su orden técnico. De esta forma, observa que los efectos generados por la relación que se creó entre los espacios urbanos y rurales, relación esta oriunda de una agricultura globalizada, pasaron por una total reestructuración de sus bases sociales y económicas. Por eso, este estudio busca comprender las recientes relaciones creadas entre el campo y la ciudad, vistas ahora por la inserción del medio técnico científico informacional a través de las actividades agrícolas ligadas al agronegocio sojero en el municipio de Balsas en la región sur del estado de Maranhão.Palabras clave: Espacio Rural; Espacio Urbano; Reestructuración Productiva; Ciudad del Agronegocio.

Power and Social Change in Colombia; The Cauca Valley

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cole Blasier
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Latin American Countries

The Cauca Valley in southwest Colombia offers a good closeup view of social change, the power struggle at the grass roots, and rural and urban problems in a country whose size and strategic location make her future a matter of special concern to those who seek to avoid violent solutions to Latin America's social problems.Colombia would seem to have better prospects for evolutionary development than several Latin American countries with less enlightened leadership and fewer democratic traditions. But Colombia's ruling groups face formidable, sometimes seemingly insoluble economic and social problems. The economy has been wobbly for years, buffeted by fiscal crises, foreign exchange shortages, quickening inflation, and urban unemployment. Also, Colombia has suffered more than any other country in this hemisphere from a species of internal war referred to locally as the violencia.

Test Use in Spain, Portugal and Latin American Countries

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Muñiz ◽  
Gerardo Prieto ◽  
Leandro Almeida ◽  
Dave Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Test Construction ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Testing Practices ◽  
Professional Psychologists ◽  
Test Use ◽  
Latin American Countries

Summary: The two main sources of errors in educational and psychological evaluation are the lack of adequate technical and psychometric characteristics of the tests, and especially the failure to properly implement the testing process. The main goal of the present research is to study the situation of test construction and test use in the Spanish-speaking (Spain and Latin American countries) and Portuguese-speaking (Portugal and Brazil) countries. The data were collected using a questionnaire constructed by the European Federation of Professional Psychologists Association (EFPPA) Task Force on Tests and Testing, under the direction of D. Bartram . In addition to the questionnaire, other ad hoc data were also gathered. Four main areas of psychological testing were investigated: Educational, Clinical, Forensic and Work. Key persons were identified in each country in order to provide reliable information. The main results are presented, and some measures that could be taken in order to improve the current testing practices in the countries surveyed are discussed. As most of the tests used in these countries were originally developed in other cultures, a problem that appears to be especially relevant is the translation and adaptation of tests.

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