scholarly journals ESTUDO DE TEMPO E MOVIMENTO NA ETAPA DE SELEÇÃO DE MUDAS EM UM VIVEIRO FLORESTAL

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Juliana De Lima Gonçalves ◽  
Nelson Yoshihiro Nakajima ◽  
Crismeire Isbaex ◽  
Pompeu Paes Guimarães ◽  
Roberto Tuyoshi Hosokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Viability Assessment ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Movement Study

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a viabilidade da melhoria das condições de trabalho em um viveiro florestal adotando um ambiente protegido. A pesquisa focaliza o processo de seleção de mudas pelo estudo de tempo e movimento. Uma análise de viabilidade econômica utilizando os indicadores VPL e TIR foi realizada, levando em conta os tempos perdidos no processo e o custo de implantação de um galpão de seleção. O estudo de tempo mostrou que se essas atividades forem realizadas em um ambiente coberto, protegido e adequado, sem interferência de intempéries, proporcionará melhoria das condições de trabalho e aperfeiçoará o rendimento da produção. A análise de viabilidade econômica mostrou que, com base nos ganhos de rendimento calculados, o investimento total na construção do galpão é totalmente viável e o retorno financeiro do investimento acontecerá em dois anos, com um VPL de R$ 119.150,27, uma TIR de 14,5% e uma taxa de 8% ao ano. A construção do galpão possibilitará um ambiente de trabalho mais confortável para o trabalhador, economizando tempo das seleções de mudas e redução de custos da produção.Palavra-chave: Melhoria ergonômica; análise econômica; processo produtivo. AbstractTime and movement study in forest nursery. The objective of this research was to analyze the improvement of work conditions in a forest nursery by adopting a protected environment. The research focuses on the process of seedlings selections by the study of time and movement. It performed an economic viability assessment utilizing the indicators NPV and IRR, and considering the downtime in the process and costs of implementing a selection warehouse. The time and movement study showed that, if these activities were performed in a covered, protected and appropriate environment, without direct interference of weather, they will provide improvement of work conditions and optimize income productivity. The economic viability assessment showed that, based on calculated income gains, the overall investment used in the construction of a warehouse is fully viable and the financial return on the investment will happen in two years, with a NPV of R$ 119,150.27, an IRR of 14.5%, using a 8% discount rate. The warehouse construction will enable a more comfortable work environment for the worker, saving time of seedling selections and reduction in production costs.Keywords: Ergonomic improvement; economic analysis; production process.

scholarly journals The Psychosocial Work Environment and Perceived Stress among Seniors with Physically Demanding Jobs: The SeniorWorkingLife Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7437
Author(s):  
Jonas Vinstrup ◽  
Annette Meng ◽  
Emil Sundstrup ◽  
Lars L. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Decision Latitude ◽  
Collegial Support ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Poor psychosocial work conditions are known to foster negative health consequences. While the existing literature on this topic focus mainly on white-collar workers, the influence of different aspects of the psychosocial work environment in physically demanding jobs remain understudied. Likewise, senior workers represent a population of the workforce at increased risk of adverse health outcomes and premature exit from the labour market. This study investigates the association between psychosocial work factors and perceived stress among the senior work force. Methods: Utilizing cross-sectional findings, this study reports associations between psychosocial factors (organizational justice, cooperation and collegial support, decision latitude, clarity of tasks, and quality of leadership) and the outcome of perceived stress quantified by Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS). Currently employed senior workers with physically demanding jobs were included in the analyses (n = 3386). Associations were modeled using general linear models with weights to make the estimates representative. Results: For all individually adjusted psychosocial variables, the category of “good” was consistently associated with lower stress scores compared to the categories of both “moderate” and “poor” (all p < 0.0001). Likewise, in the mutually adjusted analysis, the category of “good” was statistically different from “poor” for all included variables, while the category of “moderate” remained different from “poor” for “clarity of tasks”, “cooperation and collegial support”, and “decision latitude”. Conclusions: Among senior workers with physically demanding jobs, poor ratings of organizational factors related to the psychosocial work environment are consistently associated with high stress scores. Blue-collar occupations focusing primarily on physical risk factors are recommended to increase awareness on psychosocial aspects that may be relevant to the local work environment.

scholarly journals VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA PRODUÇÃO DE CARVÃO VEGETAL EM DOIS SISTEMAS PRODUTIVOS

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylson Costa Oliveira ◽  
Thiago Taglialegna Salles ◽  
Bárbara Luísa Corradi Pereira ◽  
Angélica De Cássia Oliveira Carneiro ◽  
Camila Soares Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Average Annual Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a viabilidade econômica da produção de carvão vegetal em dois sistemas produtivos: oito fornos de superfície acoplados a uma fornalha para queima de gases e dez fornos do tipo “rabo-quente” sem sistema de queima de gases. Para análise econômica, definiu-se uma produção anual média igual a 1.571 metros cúbicos de carvão (mdc) e horizonte de planejamento de 12 anos, sendo propostos 2 cenários. No primeiro cenário, após a colheita da madeira, realiza-se o plantio de uma nova floresta, permanecendo o custo da madeira constante em todo o planejamento; no segundo cenário, após a colheita, considerou-se a condução da brotação, reduzindo os custos na 2ª rotação e consequentemente os custos da madeira. A análise econômica foi realizada através da determinação dos seguintes indicadores: Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Valor Anual Equivalente (VAE), Razão Benefício/Custo (B/C) e Lucratividade. Os indicadores calculados demonstraram a viabilidade dos dois sistemas produtivos avaliados em ambos os cenários propostos, porém o sistema fornos-fornalha apresentou melhores valores para os indicadores. Conclui-se que a produção de carvão vegetal nos sistemas avaliados foram viáveis economicamente, com o sistema fornos-fornalha gerando maior lucro ao produtor de carvão.Palavras-chave: Fornos de alvenaria; análise determinística; valor presente líquido. Abstract Economic viability of charcoal production in two production systems. The objective of this study was to analyze the economic viability of charcoal production in two conversion technologies: eight surface kilns coupled to a furnace for burning gases (kilns-furnace system) and ten "rabo-quente" or traditional charcoal kilns without burning gases system. An average annual production of 1571 cubic meters of charcoal (mdc) was used to perform the economic analysis. A planning horizon of 12 years and two scenarios were proposed. In the first scenario, after harvesting the wood, the planting of a new forest was performed, and the cost of wood remained constant throughout the planning horizon. In the second scenario, after the harvest, the conduction of shooting was considered, which reduced costs in the second rotation and consequently the cost of wood. The economic analysis was performed by determining the following indicators: Net Present Value (NPV), Equivalent Annual Value (EAV) and Benefit - Cost Reason (B/C). Calculated indicators demonstrated the viability of producing charcoal in the two production systems in both scenarios proposed, but kilns-furnace system presented better values. As conclusion, production of charcoal in the evaluated systems were economically viable. Kilns-furnace system was able to generate more profit to charcoal producer.Keywords: Kilns; deterministic analysis; net present value.

scholarly journals Measurement of the Psychosocial Work Environment in Spanish: Validation of the Psychosocial Factors Questionnaire 75 (PSF-Q75) to Capture Demands and Resources at Different Levels of Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector P. Madrid ◽  
Cristian A. Vasquez ◽  
Malcolm Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Spanish Validation ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Different Levels

The psychological work environment is composed of both stressful and motivational work conditions at different levels of analysis. However, most relevant theory and research lack an integrative conceptualization and appropriate instrumentation to account for this work context structure. These limitations are particularly present in non-mainstream populations, such as the Spanish community of researchers and practitioners. In this study, based on the job demands–resources model, we present an updated conceptualization in which stressful and motivational psychosocial factors are integrated and defined at the job, the group, and the organizational level of analysis into a single conceptualization. Furthermore, derived from this conceptualization, we present a study of the development and validation of a questionnaire to account for the psychosocial work environment in Spanish, labeled Psychosocial Factors Questionnaire 75 (PSF-Q75), which provides measures for 23 different psychosocial factors. The results of this study supported the questionnaire’s construct, convergent, divergent, and predictive validity, together with its reliability. Thus, this conceptualization and questionnaire provides researchers and partitioners with a more comprehensive approach to the assessment of the psychosocial work environment and promises benefits for interventions in the workplace.

scholarly journals Pathways to economic viability: a pilot scale and techno-economic assessment for algal bioremediation of challenging waste streams

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3400-3414
Author(s):  
Hannah Leflay ◽  
Katarzyna Okurowska ◽  
Jagroop Pandhal ◽  
Solomon Brown
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Waste Streams

A microalgal–bacterial consortium was used for pilot scale bioremediation of landfill leachate. A techno-economic analysis was conducted using experimental results to provide a pathway for economic viability.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DE FATORES DO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO EM ATIVIDADES DE UM VIVEIRO FLORESTAL DE CURVELO, MINAS GERAIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Tiago Reis Dutra ◽  
Ângelo Márcio Pinto Leite ◽  
Marília Dutra Massad
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Substrate Preparation ◽  
Work Environment Factors ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Keywords Ergonomics ◽  
Improve Health

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e avaliar os fatores do ambiente de trabalho em atividades de um viveiro de propagação de mudas clonais de Eucalyptus spp., visando à melhoria da saúde, do bem-estar, da segurança, do conforto e da produtividade dos trabalhadores envolvidos nessa atividade. A caracterização dos fatores do ambiente de trabalho – sensações térmicas (temperatura, umidade e velocidade do vento), ruído e luminosidade – foram obtidos através da observação direta da unidade de trabalho e aferição de agentes físicos, sendo avaliados os setores de lavagem e desinfecção de tubetes e bandejas, embandejamento e enchimento de tubetes, preparo de substrato, jardim clonal, estaqueamento, casa de vegetação, casa de sombra e crescimento a céu aberto. Das atividades avaliadas, as que se apresentam em níveis inadequados, com limites acima do permitido, correspondem a casa de vegetação (temperatura e umidade), jardim clonal e crescimento a céu aberto (luminosidade), preparo de substrato e enchimento de tubetes (ruído) e velocidade do vento (atividades a céu aberto).Palavras-chave: Ergonomia; condições de trabalho; produção de mudas. AbstractEvaluation of work environment factors in a forest nursery activities from Curvelo, Minas Gerais. The objective of this study is to characterize and evaluate factors of work environment in a nursery for clonal propagation of Eucalyptus spp., in order to improve health, welfare, safety, comfort and productivity of the workers involved in such activity. Factors characterized in work environment: thermal sensations (temperature, humidity and wind speed), noise and light were obtained by direct observation of the work unit and measurement of physical agents, it was evaluated sectors of cleaning and disinfection of tubes and trays, tubes and filling boxing, substrate preparation, clonal garden, staking, greenhouse, shade and growth in the open. Evaluated activities that present inadequate levels, surpassing the allowed limits are as follows: the greenhouse (temperature and humidity); garden and clonal growth in the open (light) substrate preparation and filling of tubes (noise) and speed wind (open activities).Keywords: Ergonomics; working conditions; production of seedlings.

scholarly journals The Use of Economic Analysis in the Tennessee Valley Authority: The Case of the Duck River Project

1973 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Leonard A. Shabman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Tennessee Valley Authority ◽  
Environmental Impact Statement ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Duck River ◽  
Tennessee Valley ◽  
Eis Analysis

In September, 1968 the Tennessee Valley Authority recommended construction of two dams on the Duck River in middle Tennessee. Subsequently, an environmental impact statement (EIS) was prepared which further described the plan and provided a summary of the national economic efficiency justification for its implementaion. Table 1 summarizes the EIS justification. However, the accuracy of the EIS analysis may be subject to question. This paper evaluates the sensitivity of the EIS national economic analysis to changes in expansion benefit estimates, reconsideration of cost estimates and their use, and the discount rate used for analysis. Also discussed is the consideration given to alternatives to the Duck River Project, and institutional limitations on the TVA's mission that affect the use of economic analysis.

Techno-economic analysis of a biodiesel production process from vegetable oils

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1023-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Apostolakou ◽  
I.K. Kookos ◽  
C. Marazioti ◽  
K.C. Angelopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Biodiesel Production
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