scholarly journals THE RUNOFF’S BEHAVIOR TO DIFFERENT LAND USES IN WATERSHEDS AT NORTHWESTERN PARANA, BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Lysias Vellozo Costa Filho ◽  
Nivaldo Eduardo Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Infiltration Processes

The study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of the forestry ecosystem on the maintenance of the hydrological processes, which participated on soil’s erosion. Aimed to support the land use planning and soil’s erosion control works. The work was done through of a simulated rainfall experiment replicated on three watersheds of the Northwest region of the State of Paraná, into four land uses. The experiment was developed by comparing the runoff’s behavior of the land uses: forest and three agricultural crops (coffee, cassava and pasture). The results showed greatest infiltration coefficient for soils under forest, with significant difference to other land uses studied. These differences showed that unit area with forest cover resulted in 9,71 times less runoff than area with pasture, 7,86 times less runoff than area with coffee, and 5,56 times less runoff than area with cassava. The results show the forest’s potentiality to improve the infiltration processes, showing responses that virtually are not possible to be superseded by the management practices adopted on the other cropping systems studied. The study, to define the range of the forest’s effect on its environment, is characterized as essential to planning of the forest cover regarding to size area, and spatial distribution.

scholarly journals Conservation Opportunities of the Land Restitution Program Areas in the Colombian Post-Conflict Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Unda ◽  
Andrés Etter
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Land Restitution ◽  
Conflict Period ◽  
Regeneration Processes

The Land Restitution Program (LRP) is one of the greatest challenges for Colombia’s post-conflict period; it implies the recognition of the victims of dispossession or abandonment of lands and sets the discussion for future land use planning in these areas. The 1,119,959 Ha of LRP areas (August 2018) require knowledge of their state to promote land uses that favor the conservation of priority ecosystems and forest cover. Spatial and statistical analyzes where used to study the land-cover change in and around LRP areas at the national and regional level. An index of naturalness using a multi-criteria framework was used to identify important areas for conservation. Within areas, forest cover changes, resulting from deforestation and regeneration processes, decreased between 1990 and 2017. A total of 9.4% of their area show high naturalness, while 20% of them show high importance for conservation. The results show that, despite their dispossession/abandonment, these areas continued a deforestation process. Most of the areas show low naturalness, but conservation priorities can be identified in the Andes, Amazon, and Orinoco regions.

scholarly journals Soil quality evaluation under different land use types in Kersa sub-watershed, eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Mulat ◽  
Kibebew Kibret ◽  
Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Muktar Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa subwatershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0–20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analyzed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give the unitless scores for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI). Results The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon (SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses falls in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class. Conclusion In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality like organic matter-controlled systems is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

scholarly journals Soil Quality Evaluation Under Different Land Use Types in Kersa Sub-watershed, Eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Mulat Tefera ◽  
kibebew Kibret Tehaye ◽  
Bobe Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Muktar Mohammed Kedir
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa subwatershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0-20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analyzed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give the unitless scores for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI).Results: The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon (SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses falls in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class.Conclusion: In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality like organic matter-controlled systems is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

Performance of black pepper in coconut based high density multi-species cropping system under different nutrient managements

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Subramanian, H.P. Maheswarappa, ◽  
T.J. Zachariah R. Surekha ◽  
V. Selvamani, Ravi Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
High Density ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference

Coconut based high density multi-species cropping system (HDMSCS) is recommended to obtain maximum income and better utilization of resources. The crops grown under HDMSCS include fruits, vegetables, spices etc. Black pepper (<em>Piper nigrum</em> L.), an important spice crop, is generally a component  under coconut based cropping systems. In the present study, the performance of black pepper under coconut based HDMSCS involving banana, nutmeg, cinnamon, and other annuals <em>viz</em>., turmeric, ginger and elephant foot yam as intercrops, was evaluated, in terms of yield and quality of black pepper. The observations, recorded for four years (2009-10 to 2012-13) under three different nutrient management practices, indicated no significant difference in yield and quality parameters of black pepper. The pooled data of four years indicated a mean pepper yield of 2.4 kg vine<sup>-1</sup>, and quality parameters <em>viz</em>., per cent of oil, oleoresin, piperine and bulk density (g L<sup>-1</sup>) were 2.3, 9.8, 3.1 and 500.7, respectively. Under different nutrient management practices, the yield of both black pepper and coconut increased by 166 and 9 per cent, respectively, compared to the pre-treatment period (2005-07). The present study indicated that there was no reduction in yield of coconut when black pepper was grown in the basin and depending upon the availability of resources, farmers can follow the nutrient management practices.

Perennial wheat: The development of a sustainable cropping system for the U.S. Pacific Northwest

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Scheinost ◽  
Doug L. Lammer ◽  
Xiwen Cai ◽  
Timothy D. Murray ◽  
Stephen S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Perennial Wheat ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
Northwest Region

AbstractPerennial wheat offers a new solution to the long-standing problems of soil erosion and degradation associated with conventional annual small-grain cropping systems in the Pacific Northwest region. Using classical breeding methods, new types of wheat have been developed that maintain the key characteristics of annual wheat, but continue to grow after harvest. Following dormancy in the winter, growth is initiated from the roots or crowns in the spring, allowing a crop to be harvested every fall. By retaining constant soil cover over multiple years, wind and water erosion would be dramatically reduced. In addition, the costs associated with annual seeding and tillage would be minimized, and unlike many reduced tillage systems, it is expected that standard seeding equipment would be suitable for stand establishment. Other potential benefits of perennial wheat include improved wildlife habitat, more efficient use of available water, provision of a potent carbon sink, and the possibility of integrating straw retrieval into a small grains cropping system. Past attempts in the first half of the last century failed to develop perennial wheat as a viable crop, primarily because of low yields, and the research was ultimately abandoned. Perennial wheat production may now be viewed as acceptable for highly erodible land or for obtaining carbon sequestration credits. This paper presents an overview of solutions to the obstacles encountered by previous researchers, introduces some of the newly developed perennial wheat lines, and discusses considerations for management practices.

Reassessment of the Effects of Broadcast and Line Sowing on the Fibre Yield of Jute

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Palit ◽  
A. C. Bhattacharyya ◽  
B. K. Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
Population Pressures

SummaryLine sowing of jute has been advocated by some workers for the past 40 years as being more productive than the traditional broadcast method. But most cultivators still prefer broadcast sowing. A comparative study employing identical management practices showed that there is no significant difference in fibre yield per unit area between the two sowing methods. Under similar population pressures self-thinning is greater in line sown than in broadcast crops. Thus, provided similar seed rates and cultural conditions are maintained, farmers may use either sowing method.P. Palit, A. C Bhattacharyya y B. K. Samanta: Re-evaluación de los efectos de la siembra al voleo y en lineas sobre el rendimiento defibra del yute.

scholarly journals Soil Quality Evaluation Under Different Land Use Types in Kersa Sub-watershed, Eastern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Mulat Tefera ◽  
kibebew Kibret Tehaye ◽  
Bobe Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Muktar Mohammed Kedir
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background:soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa sub watershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0-20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analysed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give unit less score for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI).Results:The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon(SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses fall in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class.Conclusion:In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

Nitrate Leaching to a Shallow Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain Aquifer as Influenced by Conventional No-Till and Low-Input Sustainable Grain Production Systems

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 691-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Craig ◽  
R. R. Weil
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Low Input ◽  
No Till

In December, 1987, the states in the Chesapeake Bay region, along with the federal government, signed an agreement which called for a 40% reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus loadings to the Bay by the year 2000. To accomplish this goal, major reductions in nutrient loadings associated with agricultural management practices were deemed necessary. The objective of this study was to determine if reducing fertilizer inputs to the NT system would result in a reduction in nitrogen contamination of groundwater. In this study, groundwater, soil, and percolate samples were collected from two cropping systems. The first system was a conventional no-till (NT) grain production system with a two-year rotation of corn/winter wheat/double crop soybean. The second system, denoted low-input sustainable agriculture (LISA), produced the same crops using a winter legume and relay-cropped soybeans into standing wheat to reduce nitrogen and herbicide inputs. Nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in groundwater were significantly lower under the LISA system. Over 80% of the NT groundwater samples had NO3-N concentrations greater than 10 mgl-1, compared to only 4% for the LISA cropping system. Significantly lower soil mineral N to a depth of 180 cm was also observed. The NT soil had nearly twice as much mineral N present in the 90-180 cm portion than the LISA cropping system.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices on Growth and Development of Hybrid Maize Cultivar HQPM 1 in Mid-Hills of Meghalaya

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMBORLANG K. WANNIANG ◽  
A. K. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Graduate Studies ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Maize Cultivar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hybrid Maize

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2011 on experimental farm of the College of Post Graduate Studies (CAU–Imphal), Umiam (Meghalaya) to evaluate the effect of integration of green manuring, FYM and fertilizers as integrated nutrient management (INM) practices on growth and developmental behaviour of quality protein maize cultivar QPM 1. The data revealed that comparatively higher amount of primary nutrients were added in green manured maize plots in comparison to non green manured treatments. Green manuring also left a positive response on plant height, CGR, RGR leaf area, and dry matter accumulation in plants though the difference between green manured and non-green manured treatments was at par. Treatments 75 % RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1, 50 % RDF + 7.5 t FYM ha-1, 100 % RDF ha-1 and 75 % RDF + 2.5 t FYM ha-1 recorded significantly higher values of all the above said growth parameters over 50 % RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1 and control treatments. At all stages of observations, the maximum dry matter was associated with RDF (recommended doses of fertilizers) which was at par with 75 % RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1, but significantly higher over the plant dry weight recorded from all remaining treatments. A Significant difference in CGR at 30 – 60 and 60 – 90 DAS stage and in RGR at 90 DAS - harvest stage was observed due to various combinations of recommended dose of fertilizer with different doses of FYM. Number of days taken to attain the stages of 50% tasselling, silking and maturity did not differ significantly due to green manuring. However, treatment 75 % RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1 took significantly lesser number of days for these stages than other treatment combinations. The superiority of the treatment 75 % RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1 indicated a possibility of substituting 25% of RDF with 5 t FYM ha-1 without any loss in dry matter accumulation in plants of the quality protein hybrid maize in mid-hill ecosystems of Meghalaya.

Corrigendum to: Conservation agriculture effects on soil properties and crop productivity in a semiarid region of India

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Somasundaram ◽  
M. Salikram ◽  
N. K. Sinha ◽  
M. Mohanty ◽  
R. S. Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Residue Retention

Conservation agriculture (CA) including reduced or no-tillage and crop residue retention, is known to be a self–sustainable system as well as an alternative to residue burning. The present study evaluated the effect of reduced tillage coupled with residue retention under different cropping systems on soil properties and crop yields in a Vertisol of a semiarid region of central India. Two tillage systems – conventional tillage (CT) with residue removed, and reduced tillage (RT) with residue retained – and six major cropping systems of this region were examined after 3 years of experimentation. Results demonstrated that soil moisture content, mean weight diameter, percent water stable aggregates (&gt;0.25mm) for the 0–15cm soil layer were significantly (Pmoderately labile&gt;less labile. At the 0–15cm depth, the contributions of moderately labile, less labile and non-labile C fractions to total organic C were 39.3%, 10.3% and 50.4% respectively in RT and corresponding values for CT were 38.9%, 11.7% and 49.4%. Significant differences in different C fractions were observed between RT and CT. Soil microbial biomass C concentration was significantly higher in RT than CT at 0–15cm depth. The maize–chickpea cropping system had significantly (P–1 followed by soybean+pigeon pea (2:1) intercropping (3.50 t ha–1) and soybean–wheat cropping systems (2.97 t ha–1). Thus, CA practices could be sustainable management practices for improving soil health and crop yields of rainfed Vertisols in these semiarid regions.

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