scholarly journals The theory of the "four functions of folklore" in world folklore studies

Keruen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekarys Nuriman ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Text Recognition ◽  
The People ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Folklore

Research in the field of philological science is primarily closely related to text recognition. The search and comprehensive research in this direction marked the beginning of the emergence of new views and judgments, theories and research methods. One of them, that is, the theory of the “Four Functions of Folklore", as a native point of view on the differentiation of texts of oral folk art. His birth was caused by the conclusion of a scientist named B. K. Malinowski in the early twentieth century and the opinion of anthropologists. Then, 20-30 years later, his conclusion became a theory and was proposed as a new method of studying the folklore text. The first person who raised this topic was an American folklore scholar – William Bascom in 1953-1954. Since then, this topic has been actively discussed among scientists-members of the "Society of American Folklore" the results of the study were published in the scientific publication "Journal of American Folklore". The scientist W. Bascom, generalizing the texts of oral folk art, studies its place in the life of the people. As a result, four main functions of the folklore text are distinguished: protection of traditions, customs, education and upbringing, support for going beyond the established views. It was formed as a theory and already then began to be used in scientific research and educational programs. This topic will be studied by Turkish scientists after the 2000s and included in the content of education. Such views have been mentioned in the works of Kazakh scientists since the beginning of the twentieth century, although it is not called "the four functions of folklore". However, due to the lack of close relations between American and Soviet scientists, many research works were ignored. Therefore, this article discusses the theory of the" four functions of folklore", the history of its origin and study. For this purpose, the research of B. K. Malinowski, who first expressed his opinion on the topic, and W. Bascom, who justified the theory and the work of other scientists, are taken as a basis. The issues related to this topic are reasoned by the opinion of Kazakh scientists. As a result of the study, the four functions of folklore voiced by the scientist U. Bask are comprehensively shown, its connections with Kazakh folklore are differentiated. This, in turn, will allow us to study samples of oral Kazakh folk art within the framework of new humanitarian knowledge and on the basis of world scientific relations. In addition, it can be used in the training of industry specialists.

LOGICAL FATALISM AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURE OF THE ARCHETYPE OF DARGINTS

Globus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bagandova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Psychological Feature ◽  
The People ◽  
The Times

This study is devoted to the study of the features of the archetype of the Dargins, the formation of which dates back to the times of paganism and, which was imprinted by both religious ideas and historical events that had a significant impact on the worldview and worldview of the people. This work is the first attempt to analyze the archetype of the Dargins from the point of view of its inherent fatalism on the basis of proverbs, sayings and legends of the Dargin people, which represent the wealth of oral folk art and reflect the specifics of the psychological formation of the people that have been taking shape for millennia

Gay Affections

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard P. Loughlin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Gay Identity ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Gay Identities

This chapter considers how gay identities—and so gay affections—were formed in the course of the twentieth century, building on the late nineteenth-century invention of the ‘homosexual’. It also considers earlier construals of same-sex affections and the people who had them, the soft men and hard women of the first century and the sodomites of the eleventh. It thus sketches a history of continuities and discontinuities, of overlapping identities and emotional possibilities. The chapter resists the assumption that gay identity and experience can be reduced to anything less than the multitude of gay people, and that as Christians they have to give an account of themselves in a way that heterosexual Christians do not. The chapter warns against thinking gay identity undone in Christ.

scholarly journals Dialogical elements in Harris, Dewey, Cutter, Otlet, Kaiser, and Ranganathan: Theoretical convergences in the history of Knowledge Organization

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-362
Author(s):  
Rodrigo de SALES ◽  
Daniel MARTÍNEZ-ÁVILA ◽  
José Augusto GUIMARÃES
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Methodological Development ◽  
History Of Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Descriptive Approach

Abstract In this paper, we study the theoretical intersections and dialogues between some foundational authors on classification and indexing of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that helped developing the theoretical-methodological framework of knowledge organization. More specifically, we highlight and analyze the theoretical convergences of Harris, Dewey, Cutter, Otlet, Kaiser, and Ranganathan as they can provide a clearer picture of the historical and theoretical contributions to the epistemological foundations of knowledge organization. Our methodology follows a critical-descriptive approach to the analysis of the main contributions of the authors and the critical reflections of some specialists and biographers. We continue with a discussion of the links between bibliographic classifications and knowledge organization drawing on the ideas of Bliss; then, we divide our historical narrative between the theoretical contributions during the nineteenth-century (Harris, Dewey, and Cutter) and the twentieth century (Otlet, Kaiser, and Ranganathan); and finally, we present a discussion of the history of knowledge organization from the point of view of the theoretical and methodological development of classification and indexing at the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century. We conclude with some remarks on their main contributions to the development of the knowledge organization field.

Ethnohermeneutics Russian fairy tales

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Марина Пименова ◽  
Marina Pimenova
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

The monograph describes Russian folk tales from an unusual point of view. It deals with the mentality of the Russian people, language categorization, conceptualization, specifics of the manifestation of the national mentality. The monograph is intended for philologists, culturologists, psychologists and a wide range of readers interested in the problems of mentality, language, psychology, astronomy, culture and the history of the people.

Fortress Under Siege: A New German History

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Brady Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
German History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Berlin Republic ◽  
German People ◽  
Ancient Forests ◽  
German Historian

Measured against its subject, German history from the ancient forests to the “Berlin Republic,” A Mighty Fortress: A New History of the German People by Steven Ozment is a very short book. Karl Lamprecht (1856–1915) required some 6,000 pages in twelve volumes to cover the subject, and he had no twentieth century to master. Ozment's book is readable. It moves along in the athletic style and at the brisk pace we expect from him and is largely free of the sarcasms that pepper some of his earlier (though not the earliest) writings. The most surprising thing about A Mighty Fortress is that it was written at all. Why no German historian would tackle the subject today needs no explanation, but it is truly curious that a foreigner would essay the task. Yet Ozment has done just that. The product is a book easy and fun to read, in many respects better entertainment than history. A Mighty Fortress' point of view is so obstinately personal, its attitude toward established scholarship so brusque, and its narrative so broken and at times opaque, that only generous quotations can supply a fair impression of the book.

“An Essential Expression of the People”: Interpretations of Hasidic Song in the Composition and Performance History of Ernest Bloch's Baal Shem

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Walden
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jewish Identity ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Performance History ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Jewish Music ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance

Abstract This article examines Ernest Bloch's Baal Shem: Three Pictures of Chassidic Life, considering its score, its performance history, and early recordings of the second movement, “Nigun,” by Yehudi Menuhin, Joseph Szigeti, and Mischa Elman, to investigate the idea, promoted by the composer and many of his performers and critics, that the music represented Jewish identity through the evocation of Hasidic song. Bloch's score and Menuhin's performances were described as expressing what was often characterized during the early twentieth century as a self-affirming racial feeling that linked the modern diaspora in America to Eastern European Hasidic Jewish communities. With Baal Shem, Bloch and his performers and listeners participated in a self-conscious effort to construct a modern Jewish identity that they believed could be conveyed in the sounds and structures of art music. Menuhin's lifelong friendship and collaboration with Bloch underscores the crucial roles of Bloch's performers in working with the composer to devise compositional and performance tropes for the representation of Hasidic song, and in creating his broad reputation as a composer of a definitive Jewish music, a reputation Bloch would sometimes embrace and at other times disavow.

scholarly journals A Theological Implication of ‘Humility’ in Mark 10: 13-16 from the Perspective of the Parable of the Kingdom of God

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Halim Wiryadinata
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Kingdom Of God ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theological Implication ◽  
The Way

The parable of the Kingdom of God brings the seriousness of studying about the meaning of what the Lord Jesus Christ wants to say. There are many arguments to say about the meaning of the Kingdom of God, while a new approach of the twentieth century appears. The study of historical Jesus by N. T Wright gives the idea of Jesus, Israel, and the Cross. If the parable of the Kingdom of God is retelling the story of Israel, then the new concept of the Kingdom of God should be different from the old Israel. The concept of humility should be seen as the way out of the Kingdom of God. Mark 10: 13 – 16 where the Lord Jesus Christ uses the concept of the little children, it apparently shows the helplessness and humility concepts as the way out for the Kingdom of God. However, the concept of humility should be seen as the proclamation of the Kingdom of God in the perspective of a mission to the people. Finally, the concept of humility also should not beyond the limitation of the Gospel. It should be in the line of the meaning of the Gospel itself. We are encouraged not to repeat what history happens, but rather to learn from the history of Liberation Theology.   

scholarly journals А. М. REMIZOV AND FOLKLORE: ON THE ISSUE OF RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Yana V. Nagornaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Folk Drama ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
And Function

The article presents a critical review of research works on the topic “Folklore-literary interaction in the creative activity of A.M. Remizov” published in Russian. The study of the topic has been conducted mainly within the framework of literary criticism. Meanwhile, for a writer known for his commitment to preservation and innovative approach to traditional literary genres, folklore is one of the dominant sources of creativity. Currently, Remizov studies cannot boast of generalizing works on folklorism in the writer’s creative activity and on the influence of oral folk art genres on his artistic system, so one of the aims of the article is to attract scholarly interest to the issue and stimulate further research in this area. The publication gives a brief description of the current state of research on the problem, identifies the main vectors of its consideration and reveals the academic lacunae. The author analyzes the works, which deal with the creative heritage from the point of view of folklore studies and address the problems of the typology of folklorism and mythologism of the writer, clarify the range of folklore sources and the specificity of working with them, as well as the role and function of the author’s comments on the miniatures of Posoloni. These notes to the texts were created under the influence of a literary scandal related to the accusation of the writer of plagiarism. The assessment of the events around this incident by specialists in Remisov studies and folklorists does not coincide, the article outlines prospects for further research. The author undertakes a detailed description of the influence of the texts of calendar rite, spiritual verses, fairy tale, conspiracy-spell tradition, folk drama, children’s folklore and Russian folk pictures on the writer’s creative activity. For the first time, the author poses a hypothesis about the possible influence of the aesthetics of rayok (“World Cosmorama”) on the work of A. M. Remizov by the example of the fairy-tale novella “What is Tobacco”, which which depicts the reformatting of the apocryphal model by artistic means of lubok and rayok. The analysis of numerous studies made it possible for the author of the article to conclude that the writer’s creative activity does not only reflect the real diversity of folklore genres but also such specific features of them as oral format and variability. The results of the study can be used in the design of the course of the history of Russian literature and folklore studies of the beginning of the early 20th century, in the studies dealing with folklore-literary interaction, and in popularization and publication of folklore texts.

scholarly journals Fighting Judaism in Soviet Ukraine in the years of the NEP

2000 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
O. V. Kozerod
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Jewish Tradition ◽  
National Tradition ◽  
Communist Ideology ◽  
History Of

Questions of the history of the struggle against the Jewish national tradition were considered in many works of the Soviet authors of the 20-ies of the twentieth century. Among them, first of all, are those who studied various problems of the theory and practice of anti-religious propaganda in Soviet Ukraine, the history of the development of atheism. This is a monograph by Boris Zavadovsky "Moses or Darwin" and M. Sheynman "On Rabbis and Synagogues". In the late 20's and early 1930's, collections entitled "Antireligiozer Lerwukh", "Komsomolisha Agada" appeared, in which issues of the history of Judaism were considered, its main sources, criticism of its main elements from the point of view of materialistic approaches was carried out. One of the main tasks formulated by the authors of these studies was the opposition of the Jewish tradition to the new communist ideology, the hegemony of which at that time was an important part of the realities of the sociopolitical life of Ukraine.

scholarly journals NATIONALISM IN VIETNAM AND KOREAN LITERATURE IN THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES: CASES OF PHAN BOI CHAU AND SHIN CHAE-HO

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Tung Ngoc ◽  
Nguyen Le Thu
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
Korean Literature ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
History Of Literature

East Asian literature in the early twentieth century witnessed the emergence of many great authors who gathered all personality of a patriot - writer - historian - revolutionary activist. They emphasized literature does not serve artistic purposes, but social purposes, which touch the heart. Literature at this time conveyed the stream of national consciousness, nationalism, independence and freedom to all of the people and promoted their patriotism and the spirit of fighting for the nation and the people. This paper focuses on analyzing the nationalist ideology in the works of Phan Boi Chau and Shin Chae-ho in the history of literature of Vietnam and Korea in the early twentieth century. Thereby, the research provides an overview of the common characteristics of the nationalist literature in East Asia. In the research content, this paper recognizes the nationalist ideology of Korean and Vietnamese intellectuals in the transformation of the historical, political and social situation in the early twentieth century. On that basis, this paper identifies the characteristics of nationalism in Shin Chae-ho’s and Phan Boi Chau's works.

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