scholarly journals Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus Species isolated at the University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka, Zambia: Should We Be Worried?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Matenge Mutalange ◽  
◽  
Kaunda Yamba ◽  
Chiristine Kapesa ◽  
Frank Mtonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Vancomycin Resistance ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Enterococcus Species ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
The University ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals

Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species cause invasive infections such as bacteremia and infective endocarditis. Despite vancomycin being the drug of choice for drug-resistant infections caused by these species, few studies have been conducted to ascertain vancomycin resistance in the African setting. This is crucial given the rising resistance in these organisms. This study aimed to isolate S. aureus and Enterococcus species and determine their susceptibility to vancomycin and other antibiotics at the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which S. aureus and Enterococcus spp isolates from the skin, soft tissue and bloodstream infections were included. Standard microbiological and Kirby-Baur (disc diffusion and E-strips) methods were used to identify and determine the susceptibility of the organisms, respectively. Results: From 59 S. aureus isolates, 37 were from the skin and soft tissue and 22 from blood culture. Twenty-six (44.1%) of these were Methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Thirty-nine Enterococcus were isolated from blood cultures only. Of the S. aureus (16) and Enterococcus (14) isolates tested with vancomycin E-strips, none were vancomycin-resistant. However, 12.5% S. aureus and 14.3% Enterococcus showed intermediate vancomycin susceptibility. S. aureus were resistant to penicillin (93.2%), erythromycin (52.5%) and tetracycline (50.8%). Enterococcus showed resistance to penicillin (83%) and tetracycline (84.6%). Conclusions: There was no vancomycin resistance among S. aureus and Enterococcus, implying vancomycin is still a viable treatment option for invasive infections. Given the intermediate vancomycin susceptibility, treatment guided by minimum inhibitory concentration results, continued surveillance and prudent use are key.

scholarly journals Caduceus or Rod of Asclepius? Exploring Logos of University Teaching Hospitals in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi ◽  
Ifeoluwa Oluwasolafunmi Ogidan ◽  
Oluwatobi Emmanuel Adegbile ◽  
Precious Ayomide Kanmodi
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Screening ◽  
Search Data ◽  
The University ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals

AbstractBackground: Historically, the Rod of Asclepius is considered as the correct symbol of Medicine. Unfortunately, many medical/health institutions in the world have erroneously interchanged the Rod of Asclepius symbol with erroneous symbols (e.g. Caduceus) to depict Medicine. This study aims to assess the official logos (i.e. institutional symbols) of university teaching hospitals in Nigeria and determine if these logos actually depict the true symbol of Medicine.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional online survey of teaching hospitals in Nigeria on their official logos. A total of 40,556 operating hospitals and clinics in Nigeria were identified. After systematic screening, a total of 35 hospitals were identified as university teaching hospitals and used for the survey. Official information about the geopolitical zone, ownership and official logo of the selected hospitals was obtained (via online and offline search). Data collected was analysed using SPSS version 22 software.Results: Out of the 35 surveyed university teaching hospitals, only 7 did not have snake(s) as part of their official logo. However, out of the remaining 28 hospitals that have snake(s) as part of their official logos, only 57.1% (16/28) of them have only one snake in their logo. Exactly half of the surveyed hospitals having logos with two entwined snakes (i.e. Caduceus) were owned by the federal government. Bivariate analysis showed that there exists statistically significant relationship between the geopolitical zone where a hospital is situated and the number of entwined snakes indicated in their official logo (p-value=0.034).Conclusion: This study shows that the correct symbol of Medicine is not universally indicated in the official logos of the university teaching hospitals in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Medication omissions in the first 48 hours after admission: failure in prescribed medicines reaching in-patients in paediatrics wards at the University Teaching Hospitals, Children’s Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1324
Author(s):  
Martin Kampamba ◽  
Steven Mulolo ◽  
Margaret Phiri ◽  
Martha Chibale Chulu ◽  
Webrod Mufwambi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Administration ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Prescribed Medicines ◽  
The University ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Omission Errors

Background: The first few days of in-patient care are possibly the most significant in a patient’s recovery and any omitted medications during this period may harm the patient or increase their hospital length of stay. Therefore, our study aimed at assessing the frequency of medication administration omission errors and their reasons for the omission in the paediatric wards after admission at University Teaching Children’s Hospital.Methods: This was a descriptive study in which 259 patient files and drug charts were reviewed. Admission prescription charts were studied in detail over a period of four weeks and all drugs prescribed but then not given in the first 48 hours were recorded as omitted medications, along with the reason given for their omission.Results: From the 259 drug charts, a total of 1598 doses of drugs were ordered within 48 hours of admission. However, from this, only a total of 1132 doses were administered with the remaining 466 doses omitted, which accounted for a frequency of 29.2%. When the frequency of medication omission errors was compared, parenteral drugs (70.8% vs. 25.3%, [p=0.0001]), afternoon shift (48.5% vs. 15.8%, [p=0.0001]), and anti-infective medications (69.1% vs. 39.4%, [p=0.0001]) were found to be the most frequently omitted medications. There were also considerably more medication omissions in patients prescribed with more medications (median number: 4, I QR [2, 6] vs. median number: 2, IQR [2, 4], [p=0. 0.001]). The most common reason for the omission was medication unavailability (89.3%), followed by work overload (71.4%), and the patient is off the ward (71.4%).Conclusions: This study revealed that medication omissions are a continuing problem and this may result in increased morbidity and mortality rates. There is a need to put in place specific strategies to reduce this problem. 

scholarly journals AWARENESS OF PATIENTS’ BILLS OF RIGHTS AMONG MEDICAL STAFF IN MASHHAD MEDICAL UNIVERSITY` TEACHING HOSPITALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Mostafa Kamali ◽  
Amir abbas Azizi ◽  
Sanaz sadat Mahmoodian ◽  
Sedighe Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Rights ◽  
Medical University ◽  
T Distribution ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals

Introduction: Respecting patients’ rights practice and keeping patient satisfied is one of most important principles in ethical medicine. Increasing Awareness and respecting patients’ rights result in better health care considering human and ethical rights. The Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran published a patients’ bill of rights and mandated it be posted conspicuously for the patients. With regard to necessity of Patients’ bill of rights, patients’ role in decision making and respecting their right, this study aimed to investigate awareness of patients’ bills of rights among medical staff in Mashhad medical university` teaching hospitals Methods: The current analytical cross- sectional study was conducted on 129 medical staff in the year 2014-15 in Mashhad medical university` teaching hospitals. The data were collected using a self-administer questionnaire with 28 questions whose reliability was 80 according to Cronbach's alpha. One-way analysis of variance, Student's t-distribution was used to compare means of Awareness via SPSS Ver. 21. Results: The results indicated that awareness of medical staff was M=65/3, SD=67/0. Nursing staff were the most aware and radiology staff were the less aware from patients’ bills of rights. Conclusion: Today, observing patients 'rights is one of the most important issues that should be placed at the top of the attention of health care programs, observance of patients’ bills of rights make  people feel  satisfied with respect for them at health care centers  . So it is neceesery to inform patient and professional on patients’ bills of rights by publishing more attention to patients’ bills of rights result on better health care

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS TOWARDS COVID 19 PREVENTIVE MEASURES AT WOMEN AND NEW BORN HOSPITAL OF THE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITALS IN LUSAKA ZAMBIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Nambela Shampile ◽  
Godfrey Lingenda ◽  
Mowa Zambwe ◽  
Peter J. Chipimo
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
New Born ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The University ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and Practices among healthcare workers towards covid 19 preventive measures at Women and New-born Hospital of the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at WNH-UTH, Lusaka. Convenient sample of 264 frontline healthcare workers responded to self-administered questionnaire to determine their knowledge, attitudes and practices on COVID 19 preventive measures. Results: Majority (31.9%) of the respondents were aged 25 : 29 years. The study revealed that 63.4% had a good knowledge, 60.3% had positive attitudes and 59.9% had a good practice. Attitude was positively related with practice (r = 0.524, p < 0.001) and knowledge (r = 0.469; p < 0.001). Further, knowledge was positively correlated with practice (r = 0.51; p < 0.001). Bivariate analysis results showed that only high knowledge score (75.6%; p < 0.001) and high attitude score (77.6%; p < 0.001) was associated with an increase in good practice among healthcare workers towards Covid 19 preventive measures. Conclusion: The study showed the need for continued assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice among healthcare workers towards Covid 19 preventive measures. It further showed the need of designing interventions aimed at encouraging sustained compliance to preventive measures among healthcare workers to prevent COVID 19 transmission.

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