scholarly journals A Prediction on Nigeria's Oil Depletion Based on Hubbert's Model and the Need for Renewable Energy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udochukwu B. Akuru ◽  
Ogbonnaya I. Okoro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Bell Shaped Curve ◽  
Time Point

The paper examined Nigeria's oil sector in order to get a time point of total depletion. Data for production rate, P, was sourced from 1958–2008 for the study. This research employed Hubbert's Model that based the peaking of oil reserves on the simulation of a bell-shaped curve that rises rapidly to a peak and declines just as quickly. MATLAB tool was employed in the analysis of data. Findings include that there is an imminent decline in Nigeria's oil reserve since peaking could have occurred or just about to occur; this is shown to be in agreement with previous studies, and an account of how oil depletion will affect domestic use of energy is also highlighted. Recommendations amongst others include the immediate adoption of Hirsch Report on the employment of mitigation efforts like alternative energy investments in order to tackle the dire effects which may come as economic, social, and political demands in the wake of a sudden decline, as well as domesticating energy retail by setting up small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) which are empowered to provide basic energy source using renewable energy resources.

Energy Optimization and Power Stack Shed Reduction of Oil Depots by using Renewable Energy Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azhar Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Liaqat Bhatti ◽  
S. Raza ◽  
M. Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Continuous Power

Most of the industries including the oil sector are looking forward towards the renewable energy resources with proper energy management system (EMS) as it is the need of time. For this purpose, solar and wind energy are the renewable energy resources, which are obtained from natural resources and produce clean and environment -friendly electrical energy and can be used for oil depots. The proper utilization of solar and wind energy from natural resource may result in economical and cost-effective EMS. In the proposed research work, an effective energy management demonstration is delivered to ensure the ceaseless flexibility of power. Furthermore, reduction of production per unit cost to the oil sector industry by utilizing multiple objectives streamlining. In the proposed oil depot, connected loads are divided into Shiftable and Non-Shiftable loads and then apply Branch and Bound Algorithm (BnB) with binary integer linear programming (BILP). By using the BnB technique, selected shiftable loads are shifted to the low cost energy resource automatically and resultantly, we get the low price unit cost and continuous power supply. Simulation results for the above-mentioned research work are performed on MATLAB. The proposed technique helps to reduce the power stack shedding issue as well.

scholarly journals Green Economy and Renewable Energy Focusing on the Biomass Energy Source

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ebrahim Hussien ◽  
Chamhuri Siwar ◽  
Rashidah Zainal Alam ◽  
Abdul Hamid Jafar ◽  
Norasikin Ahmad Ludin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy And Environment

<p>Since conventional energy resources are major source of CO<sub>2</sub> emission, over reliance on fossil fuels has raised questions on environmental sustainability. On way to address these multi-faceted issues of conventional energy sources, the sustainability of energy and environment is through the green economy approach. As such, this paper aims to discuss the concept of green economy in relation with renewable energy. The interdependence of green economy and environmental quality as well as the compatibility of green economy approach with the notion of sustainable development are demonstrated in the paper. Green economy approach fulfils the methodological gaps that exist in the growth models. It is believed that the best economic tool to attain sustainable development goals is by integrating social, economic and environmental elements. Furthermore, energy is believed to be a significant player in determining the greenness of the economy and sustainability as it has economic and environmental value. In addition, this study illustrates the significance of biomass energy resource and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from fossil fuel combustion. The illustration framework justifies that biomass is the determinant renewable energy source to be a proxy for renewable energy resources. Similarly, it justifies that CO<sub>2</sub> emission of energy sector is considerably significant to represent the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions of the atmosphere.</p>

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Study of Powering Poultry Farm in Egypt Using PV-Biomass on-grid Energy Generation System: Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
T. A. Boghdady ◽  
Ali J. Alamer ◽  
Mina M. Yousef ◽  
Ahmed M. Elshafee ◽  
M. A. Mostafa Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Production Form

The main goal of this work is to find economical alternative energy supply solution for poultry industry in Egypt. By studying the economic feasibility of using hybrid renewable energy resources as main source of power for existing poultry farm in Egypt to reduce existing operational cost of energy and add resilience and reliability dimensions for the operation of poultry farm in rural locations. In addition to reducing the environmental impact of using poultry litter in its fundamental form. This hybrid system connected to grid is used in the company to avoid instability problem in which the company suffered when they applied biomass energy source as main power source to their farm in Lebanon. The grid will be used as energy storage during the excess energy production form the hybrid system and to add some resilience and reliability dimensions to the hybrid system to prevent instability to the farm ‘s grid due to the high penetration of renewable energy. The economic feasibility is evaluated of this configuration using HOMER versus different configurations and sizes for these systems including the existing situation of depending only on grid as main source of energy. The results showed that the best configuration is 400 kW biomass generator, and 500 kW PV plant will satisfy the average demanded load of 9660 kWh daily with using the grid as backup energy source. The cost of energy for this configuration will be 0.0894 $/kWh which is lower than continuing existing situation depending on the grid as main source of power in which its Cost of Energy (COE) will reach during the lifetime of the project to 0.184 $/kWh due to the increase in COE in Egypt by 8%.

Renewable Energy Sources Management and Role of Ecological Parks

2019 ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
Biljana Stojan Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Industrial Parks

On the global level, governments are leading the national policy for development of modern technology and alternative energy resources. The tendencies of sustainable development are reflected in the realization of using renewable energy resources that contribute to a more diversified and more efficient use of clean energy. The aim of this chapter is to represent adequate responses to the efficient management at the state level that created all necessary conditions for sustainable development and energy efficiency using renewable energy resources in countries of European Union. Legal regulations, energy policy, short, medium and long-term strategy with a stimulating policy, can contribute for achieving adequate results in terms of sustainable development. The aims of this policy would be reflected in the development of eco-industrial parks and clean energy that contribute development of new companies, employment, on the state budget and local government levels.

Renewable Energy Sources Management and Role of Ecological Parks

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Biljana Stojan Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Industrial Parks

On the global level, governments are leading the national policy for development of modern technology and alternative energy resources. The tendencies of sustainable development are reflected in the realization of using renewable energy resources that contribute to a more diversified and more efficient use of clean energy. The aim of this chapter is to represent adequate responses to the efficient management at the state level that created all necessary conditions for sustainable development and energy efficiency using renewable energy resources in countries of European Union. Legal regulations, energy policy, short, medium and long-term strategy with a stimulating policy, can contribute for achieving adequate results in terms of sustainable development. The aims of this policy would be reflected in the development of eco-industrial parks and clean energy that contribute development of new companies, employment, on the state budget and local government levels.

Turkey's Renewable Energy Potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Suudan Gökçe Gök
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The World

The energy sector holds a crucial strategic importance for development and its sustainability. However, the energy reserves in Turkey are insufficient for the increasing energy demand. For this reason, the need for alternative energy sources has emerged. The fact that fossil fuels used in energy production will be exhausted and their damaging effects on the environment has made it inevitable for the world to use renewable energy. In Turkey, the following are the main energy sources used in electricity production: hydraulic sources, brown coal, natural gas, coal and fuel oil. The use of renewable energy sources in electricity production has shown a considerable development in the world over the past few decades. However, these energy resources have yet to be exploited to any large extent in Turkey. In this chapter, the range of potential renewable energy resources available for electricity production in Turkey will be analyzed in order to determine the necessary technical substructure to make these renewable energy resources more attractive.

scholarly journals A Research on Electricity Generation from Wind Corridors of Pakistan (Two Provinces): A Technical Proposal for Remote Zones

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar Baloch ◽  
Safdar Abro ◽  
Ghulam Sarwar Kaloi ◽  
Nayyar Mirjat ◽  
Sohaib Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Load Shedding ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The non-renewable energy resources are limited and depleting gradually. As such, energy security has attained the greatest amount of attention globally than ever before. In the meantime, energy crises are already affecting the developing countries such as Pakistan, even though one-third of the population of the country is not even not connected to the national electricity grid. The population with access to on-grid electricity is enduring load shedding of more than 12 h a day. This situation is alarming and require immediate attention is required so as to add alternative energy resources to the country, which has long been relying on imported fuels. It is, therefore, high time that the abundant potential in the renewable energy resources of Pakistan such as solar, wind, and biomass are harnessed. These renewable energy resources are economical and environmentally friendly, and thus considered as sustainable, and the utilization of these in meeting energy demands can help to conserve conventional resources early diminishing. This paper provides a detailed description of the energy consumption and load-shedding scenario in Pakistan thereby focusing specifically Sindh and Baluchistan provinces. Since, wind energy is considered one of the cost-effective renewable resources, six potential sites in these two provinces are considered in this study. These sites lie within 250 km of the southeastern and 800 km of the southwestern regions of Pakistan. One-year wind speed data have been reported for variable heights of these proposed sites which represent to have an annual average wind speed of 6.63 m/s and 5.33 m/s respectively. The power generation data for these location of two provinces is 7.653 GWh, and 5.456 GWh per annum respectively. This study also elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of harvesting and installing the wind energy and provides a technical proposal for the generation of electricity from the wind in the selected remote zones which are off the national grid. The findings of this paper will help concerned government departments to devise appropriate policies and attract investment in the wind energy sector to eradicate the on-going electricity crisis.

scholarly journals Increasing the Efficiency in Renewable Energy Challenges and Solutions for Rural India

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
P. Sridhar Acharya ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
The People ◽  
Electric Supply

It is very much true that people living in most of the rural areas depend on renewable energy resources for their daily domestic requirements. They either get an interrupted power supply from the traditional commercial electric supply or in some cases where the people living in a remote location may not get the traditional supply due to the distance. The people in the rural area already started using renewable energy resources for their daily needs. But it is seen that most of the rural area are potential to use many forms of renewable energy resources. There is a major requirement in combining more than one form of such energy to fulfill the needs. This paper explains the different methods of production of energy using the renewable resource in the rural area and a model to combine them to use the energy efficiently. This model suggests the controller to be designed which will use the energy produced from renewable energy efficiently. This controller has a responsibility to avoid the energy from the traditional method as long as there is a supply of energy from renewable resources. The controller uses the traditional energy only when there is no alternative energy supply from renewable energy.

Turkey's Renewable Energy Potential

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Suudan Gökçe Gök
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The World

The energy sector holds a crucial strategic importance for development and its sustainability. However, the energy reserves in Turkey are insufficient for the increasing energy demand. For this reason, the need for alternative energy sources has emerged. The fact that fossil fuels used in energy production will be exhausted and their damaging effects on the environment has made it inevitable for the world to use renewable energy. In Turkey, the following are the main energy sources used in electricity production: hydraulic sources, brown coal, natural gas, coal and fuel oil. The use of renewable energy sources in electricity production has shown a considerable development in the world over the past few decades. However, these energy resources have yet to be exploited to any large extent in Turkey. In this chapter, the range of potential renewable energy resources available for electricity production in Turkey will be analyzed in order to determine the necessary technical substructure to make these renewable energy resources more attractive.

scholarly journals West Virginia's Alternative and Renewable Energy Portfolio Act: The "Mountain State's" Latest Attempt to Quit its Addiction to Coal

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander R. Paalborg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Coal Reserves

This note's purpose is to objectively analyze West Virginia's recently enacted Alternative and Renewable Energy Portfolio Act ("AREPA") to determine whether it is the most ambitious alternative and renewable energy legislation that West Virginia can enact given its current political climate. Although coal may currently provide substantial economic benefits to West Virginia, future reliance on coal resources will be detrimental to the state's overall welfare due to dwindling coal reserves and coal's hazardous effects on the environment and public health. Because of coal's negative public health and environmental effects, coalmining states face tremendous federal, state, and local pressures to implement cleaner energy production methods. In 2009, West Virginia enacted AREPA to quell some of these mounting concerns. The legislation, however, has an unusually permissive definition of "alternative" energy sources and technologies and has no minimum requirement for renewable energy. In order to truly diversify from coal, the West Virginia Legislature should amend its "renewable energy resources" standard to require that at least twenty percent of its energy portfolio come from actual renewable energy sources by 2025. The legislature must also amend AREPA to exclude many of the most heavily polluting "alternative" energy sources instead of ensuring their continued existence and harm to the state. Because of West Virginia's dwindling coal reserves, the state's wealth of renewable energy resources, and a growing anti-coal movement, the Mountain State should diversify fromcoal-based energy resources and establish an appropriate alternative energy portfolio standard that is more heavily geared towards truly promoting renewable energy.

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