scholarly journals Grain quality of drought tolerant accessions within the MRI Zemun Polje maize germplasm collection

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Vančetović ◽  
Dragana Ignjatović-Micić ◽  
Sofija Božinović ◽  
Milosav Babić ◽  
Milomir Filipović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Drought Tolerant

scholarly journals Plasma Nutfah Jagung sebagai Sumber Gen dalam Program Pemuliaan

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Gajatri Budiarti
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Downy Mildew Disease

<p>In December 2005, maize germplasm collection at the institute were 886 accessions consisted of 581 local varieties, 165 introduced varieties, 107 inbred, lines, and 33 old and the present improved varieties. Required traits in varietal improvement or development are drought tolerant, tolerant to Al-toxicity, early maturity, have better quality, resistant to downy mildew disease, resistant to insect Atherigona exigua and high yield. Maize germplasm must be characterized accordingly. Evaluation for Al toxicity was conducted at Tamanbogo, Lampung, 100-200 accessions of maize germplasm and tolerance to drought were conducted in Jakenan and Imogiri Central Java, 63-100 accessions. Evaluation for downy mildew resistance was conducted at Cikeumeuh Bogor, 100-200 accessions. Evaluation for resistance to seedingfly was conducted at Cikeumeuh, 75-100 accessions. The results of evaluation conducted from 1999-2004 were: 30 accessions tolerant to drought, 21 accessions. tolerant to Al-toxicity, 70 accessions resistant to downy mildew disease (Peronosclerospora maydis), 22 accessions resistant to seeding fly (Atherigona exigua), 126 accessions had very early maturity &lt;80 days (consisted of 31 accessions had yellow seed, 35 accessions had white seed, and 60 accessions had other colour seed). Accessions having good characters, need to be further tested prior to their use in the breeding program, particularly the accessions resistant to Atherigona exigua in monoculture test.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Sampai Desember 2005 koleksi plasma nutfah jagung di bank gen BB-Biogen berjumlah 886 aksesi yang terdiri dari 581 varietas lokal, 165 varietas introduksi, 107 galur inbrida, dan 33 varietas unggul lama dan baru. Sifat-sifat yang diinginkan dalam perakitan varietas antara lain adalah toleran kekeringan dan keracunan Al, berumur genjah, mutu gizi baik, dan tahan terhadap penyakit bulai, hama lalat bibit, dan hasil tinggi. Untuk tujuan tersebut, plasma nutfah perlu dikarakterisasi dan dievaluasi. Uji toleransi keracunan Al dilakukan di Tamanbogo, Lampung terhadap 100-200 aksesi. Uji kekeringan dilakukan di Jakenan dan Imogiri, Jawa Tengah terhadap 63-100 aksesi. Uji ketahanan penyakit bulai dilakukan di Cikeumeuh, Bogor terhadap 100-200 aksesi. Pengujian ketahanan terhadap lalat bibit dilakukan di Cikeumeuh terhadap 75-100 aksesi. Hasil pengujian sejak tahun 1999-2007 diperoleh informasi sebagai berikut: sebanyak 30 aksesi mempunyai sifat toleran terhadap kekeringan, 21 aksesi toleran keracunan Al, 70 aksesi sangat tahan penyakit bulai (Peronosclerospora maydis), dan 22 aksesi tahan terhadap hama lalat bibit (Atherigona exigua), 126 aksesi berumur sangat genjah (&lt;80 hari). Aksesi-aksesi tersebut perlu diuji kembali kemantapan sifatnya sebelum digunakan dalam program pemuliaan, khususnya untuk aksesi yang tahan hama lalat bibit perlu diuji secara monokultur.</p>

scholarly journals Diversity of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and evaluation of genetic similarities in spring bread wheats from different breeding centers

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
M. U. Utebayev ◽  
N. A. Bome ◽  
E. C. Zemtsova ◽  
O. O. Kradetskaya ◽  
I. V. Chilimova
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Glutenin Subunits ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Wheat Germplasm ◽  
East Kazakhstan

Background.Glutenin is a storage protein in wheat seeds, important for the quality of bread prepared from wheat. Studying glutenin polymorphism can help to identify valuable genotypes and promising new breeding lines for further crossings. The aim of this study was to identify subunits of glutenin and determine alleles at the Glu-1loci in the spring bread wheat germplasm collection.Materials and methods.A panel of 54 Russian and 76 Kazakh bread wheat germplasm accessions from various breeding centers was selected. Gliadin electrophoresis was carried out in a concentrating and separating polyacrylamide gel system following the Laemmli method. Glutenin subunits were identified according to the catalogue produced by Payne and Lawrence.Results and discussion.At the Glu-A1 locus, two alleles, band c, were identified, with different frequencies of occurrence among studied wheat accessions. The Glu-A1ballele occurred more frequently than Glu-A1сin the studied germplasm from all breeding centers. Meanwhile, six alleles, а, b, c, d, fand g, were found at theGlu-B1 locus. The most frequently occurring Glu-B1с allele encoded two subunits (7+9). The third homologous gene, Glu-D1, had only two identified alleles, aand d, with various frequencies among the studied wheat accessions. Wheat germplasm of various origin had specific combinations of glutenin subunits, providing different scores of grain quality. For example, the combination of glutenin subunits, 2*, 7+9 and 5+10, provided the highest score (= 9) of grain quality. A single change in the Glu-1subunit composition, 2*, 7+9 and 2+12, caused a reduction in grain quality (= 7 score); and the combination of Null, 7and 5+10 was accompanied by the lowest (= 6) grain quality. The analysis showed that two loci, Glu-A1 and Glu-B1, induced significant differences between wheat accessions originated from Tyumen and Chelyabinsk, while the accessions from Chelyabinsk and East Kazakhstan differed significantly at the Glu-A1and Glu-D1loci.

Productivity of corn hybrids of different fao groups depending on microfertilizers and growth stimulants under irrigation in the south of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
O. Hozh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
The South ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify effi cient microfertilizers and growth stimulants considering biologi- cal features of new corn hybrids of different FAO groups under irrigation conditions in the South of Ukraine and trace their impact on grain productivity of the plants. The methods of the research are the fi eld method – to study the interaction of the research object with experimental factors of the natural environment, to register the yield and evaluate the biometrical indices; the laboratory method – to measure soil moisture, grain moisture content and grain quality indices; the statistical method – to evaluate the reliability of the obtained results; the calculation methods – for economic and energetic assessment of the growing techniques used. The results of the research. The paper defi nes the impact of microfertilizers and growth stimulants on the yield and grain quality of the corn hybrids of different maturity groups and on the economic effi ciency of growing them. The conclusions of the research. Under irrigation conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine it is recommended that the following hybrids should be grown in dark-chestnut soils: early maturity DN Pyvykha, medium-early Skadovskyi, medium maturity Kakhovskyi and medium-late Arabat, using the growth stimulants – treating the seeds with Sezam-Nano and fertilizing with Grainactive at the stage of 7–8 leaves.

Genotype*Year Interaction in Yield and Grain Quality of Malting Barley.

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahide BABA ◽  
Osamu YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Masahiko FURUSHO
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Malting Barley

Agronomic Traits and Grain Quality of Chinese Spring-Dasypyrum villosumTranslocation Lines T1DL·1VS and T1DS·1VL

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian DONG ◽  
Hua YANG ◽  
Wan-Chun* ZHAO ◽  
Xiao-Yan LI ◽  
Qi-Jiao CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits

Yield, grain quality of the winter wheat and efficiency of agricultural methods in crop rotation

2017 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
N. N. Neshhadim ◽  
K. N. Gorpinchenko ◽  
А. А. Kvashin ◽  
А. P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Grain Quality

scholarly journals Quinoa for the Brazilian Cerrado: Agronomic Characteristics of Elite Genotypes under Different Water Regimes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Walter Quadros Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Maria Lucrecia Gerosa Ramos ◽  
Sonia Maria Costa Celestino ◽  
Alberto do Nascimento Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Relationship

Quinoa stands out as an excellent crop in the Cerrado region for cultivation in the off-season or irrigated winter season. Here, we tested the effects of different water regimes on the agronomic characteristics, physiology, and grain quality of different elite quinoa genotypes under field conditions. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at Embrapa Cerrados (Planaltina, DF, Brazil). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. The plots were composed of 18 quinoa genotypes and modified BRS Piabiru (the currently used genotype), and the split-plots were divided into 4 different water regimes. The following variables were evaluated: productivity and productivity per unit of applied water (PUAA), plant height, flavonoids, anthocyanins, gas exchange, chlorophyll, leaf proline, and relative water content. Our results showed that water regimes between 309 and 389 mm can be recommended for quinoa in the Cerrado region. CPAC6 and CPAC13 presented the highest yield and PUAA under high and intermediate WRs, and hence were the most suitable for winter growth under irrigation. CPAC17 is most suitable for off-season growth under rainfed conditions, as it presented the highest PUAA under the low WRs (247 and 150). CPAC9 stood out in terms of accumulation of flavonoids and anthocyanins in all WRs. Physiological analyses revealed different responses of the genotypes to water restriction, together with symptoms of stress under lower water regimes. Our study reinforces the importance of detailed analyses of the relationship between productivity, physiology, and water use when choosing genotypes for planting and harvest in different seasons.

scholarly journals The Impact of Harvesting Time on Fusarium Mycotoxins in Spring Wheat Grain and Their Interaction with Grain Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Yuliia Kochiieru ◽  
Audronė Mankevičienė ◽  
Jurgita Cesevičienė ◽  
Roma Semaškienė ◽  
Jūratė Ramanauskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Full Maturity

In this work, we studied the impact of harvesting time on Fusarium mycotoxin occurrence in spring wheat and the effect of mycotoxin contamination on the quality of these grains. The spring wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.) were collected in 2016–2018 when the crop had reached full maturity, 10 ± 2 days and 17 ± 3 days after full maturity. The grain samples were analyzed for Fusarium infection and co-contamination with mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), and T-2 toxin (T-2), as well as the quality of the wheat grains (mass per hectolitre, contents of protein, starch, ash and fat, particle size index (PSI), falling number, sedimentation, wet gluten content, and gluten index). The occurrence of Fusarium spp. fungi and the mycotoxins produced by them in the grains was mostly influenced by the harvesting time and meteorological conditions. The correlations between Fusarium species and the mycotoxins produced by them in the grains of spring wheat showed F. graminearum to be a dominant species, and as a result, higher concentrations of DON and ZEA were determined. The co-occurrence of all the three mycotoxins analyzed (deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and T-2 toxin) was identified in wheat. In rainy years, a delay in harvesting resulted in diminished grain quality of spring wheat, as indicated by grain mass per hectolitre and falling number. Negative correlations were found in highly contaminated grains between mycotoxins (DON, ZEA, and T-2) and falling number and grain mass per hectolitre values.

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