Hydro-climatic characteristics of hill stations of India

AbstractMass, water, and energy balances were measured lit the Ivory Glacier, South Island, New Zealand from 1969 to 1975 as part of an I.H.D. programme of representative basin studies. Ivory Glacier is a small cirque glacier within the high-precipitation maritime environment of Westland and was chosen initially for convenience of study rather than representativeness. Mass-balance investigations included a detailed study of the sampling efficiency of a pole network. Annual mass balance was consistently negative during the study period. The run-off pattern was dominated by rain. The estimated annual mean precipitation is 9630 mm for 1971-75. Snow represents about 25% of annual precipitation. Melt contributed 21% of run-off including 9% contributed by melt of perennial snow and ice. The relative contributions of different fluxes to the energy balance during summer are: net radiation 52%, sensible heat 29%, and latent heat 17%. Heat content of precipitation contributes significantly to the energy balance during individual rain-storms and is probably significant during periods of high precipitation in spring and autumn. Climatic characteristics and behaviour of Ivory Glacier appear to follow regional trends in the Southern Alps and the glacier is considered to be reasonably representative.

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Climatic characteristics of heat waves and their simulation in plant experiments

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02049.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 1992-2000 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

HANS J. DE BOECK ◽

FREJA E. DREESEN ◽

IVAN A. JANSSENS ◽

IVAN NIJS

Keyword(s):

Heat Waves ◽

Climatic Characteristics

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Higher temperatures and lower annual rainfall do not restrict, directly or indirectly, the mycorrhizal colonization of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under rainfed conditions

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241794 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0241794

Author(s):

Maroua Jerbi ◽

Sonia Labidi ◽

Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui ◽

Hatem Chaar ◽

Faysal Ben Jeddi

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Chemical Soil ◽

Climatic Characteristics

Whereas the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in plant growth improvement has been well described in agroecosystems, little is known about the effect of environmental factors on AMF root colonization status of barley, the fourth most important cereal crop all over the world. In order to understand the influence of environmental factors, such as climatic and soil physico-chemical properties, on the spontaneous mycorrhizal ability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a field investigation was conducted in 31 different sites in sub-humid, upper and middle semi-arid areas of Northern Tunisia. Mycorrhizal root colonization of H. vulgare varied considerably among sites. Principal component analysis showed that barley mycorrhization is influenced by both climatic and edaphic factors. A partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) revealed that 39% (R²) of the total variation in AMF mycorrhizal rate of barley roots was mainly explained by chemical soil properties and climatic characteristics. Whereas barley root mycorrhizal rates were inversely correlated with soil organic nitrogen (ON), available phosphorus amounts (P), altitude (Z), average annual rainfall (AAR), they were directly correlated with soil pH and temperature. Our results indicated that AMF root colonization of barley was strongly related to climatic characteristics than chemical soil properties. The current study highlights the importance of the PLS-SEM to understand the interactions between climate, soil properties and AMF symbiosis of barley in field conditions.

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SOCIAL ECOLOGY AND SUICIDE: AN ANALYSIS OF TOPOGRAPHIC AND CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS IN AREAS WITH LOW AND HIGH SUICIDE INCIDENCE

PSYCHOLOGIA ◽

10.2117/psysoc.2014.65 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 65-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mayumi OKA

Keyword(s):

Social Ecology ◽

Climatic Characteristics

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Fuzzy logic device for crop analysing, modeling and forecasting in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries ◽

10.22363/2312-797x-2020-15-2-123-133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 123-133

Author(s):

Ruslan M. Bischokov

Keyword(s):

Meteorological Parameters ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Logic Device ◽

Modeling And Forecasting ◽

Expected Values ◽

Predicted Values ◽

Climatic Characteristics

Using computer fuzzy-logical models based on empirical values of climatic characteristics (rainfall, temperature and humidity) of long-term observations (1955-2018) from meteorological stations in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (Nalchik, Baksan, Prokhladny and Terek) and crop yields (winter wheat, spring wheat, corn, sunflower, millet, oats), dependence of crop yields on variations of climatic factors were analyzed and a specific forecast was given. Setting expected values of climatic characteristics in computer model, we received possible values of productivity for the next season. Uniformity assessment (Dixon and Smirnov - Grabbsas criterion), stability (Student and Fischers criterion), statistical importance of parameters of distribution and accidental errors were determined. Originality of the method is in the fact that in the form of input parameters of the model predictors, the previously calculated forecast values of the meteorological parameters for the next agricultural year were used, and at the output, the predicted values of crop productivity were obtained as predictants. Furthermore, recommendations on adoption of management decisions were developed.

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Comparative studies of some white wine cultivars in the sub-region of Belgrade and Nis

Journal of Agricultural Sciences Belgrade ◽

10.2298/jas0401049s ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 49-57

Author(s):

Branislava Sivcev ◽

Dragoslav Cvetkovic ◽

Nevena Petrovic ◽

Ivana Popadic

Keyword(s):

Total Yield ◽

Grape Juice ◽

Experimental Period ◽

White Wine ◽

High Yield ◽

Great Success ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Grape Quality ◽

Climatic Characteristics

In two wine-growing areas with different climatic characteristics 12 cultivars intended for the production of white wines were studied. The climatic characteristics include: mean annual air temperatures, mean vegetation air temperatures, heliothermal coefficient, hydrothermal coefficient and active temperatures sum from the moment of the growth of shoots to their full maturity for each studied cultivar. Elements of buds fruitfulness (6 features in total), yield, cluster mass, sugar quantity and grape quality were observed in both localities. In the vineyards of Grocka and Kutina high yielding varieties Ugni blanc and Dimyat can be grown with great success. Italian Riezling produced higher yields and better quality of unfermented grape juice in the vineyards of Grocka in comparison with the vineyards of Kutina. Pinot blanc in both localities was characterized by high yield, but the quality of unfermented grape juice was better in the vineyards of Grocka. Variety Rkaciteli produced high yield and good quality of unfermented grape juice in the experimental period in the vineyards of Kutina.

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