Genotype-environment interaction, genetic trends, and performance dissimilarity of Nellore herds raised in three different environmental gradients

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the genotype-environment interaction, and estimate genetic parameters, genetic trends, and performance dissimilarity-weight gain from birth to weaning (WGBW), adjusted weight to 205 days (W205), weight gain from weaning to 18 months of age (WG18), and adjusted weight to 550 days (W550)-in Nellore animals born between 1986 and 2012, and raised in pasture-based system in three different environmental gradients in Brazil. Data of 62,001 animals-11,729 raised in the Alto Taquari/Bolsão region (ATBR), 21,143 raised in the Campo Grande/Dourados region (CGDR) and 29,129 raised in the western São Paulo/Paraná region (SPPR) in Brazil-were used. The contemporary groups were defined by sex, location, and birth year and season, with at least nine individuals, two different environments, and breeding bulls with at least five progenies. The statistical model contained the direct additive and residual genetic effects (random effects), and environmental and contemporary group effects (fixed effects). Genetic parameters, genotype-environment interaction and genetic trends were estimates using animal model (uni- and/or bi- traits). The level of similarity between regions was evaluated using principal components. The animals raised in the CGDR had superior performance regarding the traits evaluated. The direct heritability estimates ranged from 0.39 to 0.44 (WGBW), 0.41 to 0.45 (W205), 0.42 to 0.55 (WG18) and 0.60 to 0.62 (W550). The maternal heritability of the traits ranged from 0.20 (WGBW), 0.12 to 0.18 (W205), 0.00 to 0.06 (WG18) and 0.02 to 0.22 (W550). According to the Spearman correlation, the ranking of the breeding bulls in the regions evaluated were different. The mean of Euclidean distance indicated low similarity between ATBR and CGDR (43.20), and ATBR and SPPR (29.24). CGDR and SPPR presented similarity of 17.84. The breed values increased over the years in the traits evaluated. The cumulative variance percentage of the first two main components explained 99.99% variation among the regions, and the weight gains of the animals were the most important to differentiate the regions. A genotype-environment interaction was found for the traits evaluated, thus, the breeding bull selected with superior genetic merit for one region might not be the best for others.

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Genotype-environment interaction effects on weight gain in cattle using reaction norms

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i13.21244 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. e278101321244

Author(s):

Rafaela Zubler ◽

Cláudio Vieira de Araújo ◽

Flávio Luiz de Menezes ◽

Rodrigo Reis Mota ◽

Simone Inoe Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Environmental Gradients ◽

Reaction Norm ◽

Genetic Evaluation ◽

Residual Variance ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Body Weights ◽

The One

The existence of genotype-environment interaction (GEI) using reaction norm models and their impact on the genetic evaluation of Nellore sires for body weight at 120, 210, 365 and 450 days of age was verified. Three models were used: animal model (AM) that disregards GEI and the one-step reaction norm model with homogeneous and heterogeneous residual variance (1SRNMH_het). Bayes Inference via Gibbs Sampling was used to estimate the variance components. The AM model better fits to weights at 120 and 210 days of age, while 1SRNMH_het was more adequate for body weights at 365 and 450 days of age, suggesting the existence of GEI. The posterior means of direct heritability were 0.33±0.01 and 0.36±0.01 and maternal heritability of 0.21±0.01 and 0.19±0.01 for body weights at 120 and 210 days of age, respectively. For body weights at 365 and 450 days of age, posterior means of heritability varied along the environmental gradient, but the ranking of sires based on breeding values was not changed by different environmental gradients. All rank correlations were greater than 0.80, strongly suggesting a scale effect of GEI. Despite the evidence of GEI on post-weaning weight gain, it did not change the ranking of sires. Therefore, it did not have a relevant impact on the genetic evaluation of sires because they are robust to environmental changes.

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Bayesian inference of genetic parameters for reproductive and performance traits in White Leghorn hens

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/116/2017-cjas ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 230-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.O. Rosa ◽

G.C. Venturini ◽

T.C.S. Chud ◽

B.C. Pires ◽

M.E. Buzanskas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Egg Production ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

A Posteriori ◽

White Leghorn ◽

Performance Traits ◽

And Performance

This study estimated the genetic parameters for reproductive and performance traits and determined which ones can be used as selection criteria for egg production in laying hens using the Bayesian inference. The data of 1894 animals from three generations of White Leghorn laying hens were analyzed for fertility (FERT), hatchability (HATC), and birth rate measurements at 60 weeks of age (BIRTH), body weight at 16 and 60 weeks of age (BW16 and BW60), age at sexual maturity (ASM), egg height/width ratio, weight, and density at 28, 36, and 40 weeks of age (RHW28, RHW36, RHW40, WEGG28, WEGG36, WEGG40, DENS28, DENS36, and DENS40, respectively) traits. The genetic parameters were estimated by the Bayesian inference method of multi-trait animal model. The model included the additive and residual genetic random effects and the fixed effects of generation. The a posteriori mean distributions of the heritability estimates for reproductive traits ranged from 0.14 ± 0.003 (HATC) to 0.22 ± 0.005 (FERT) and performance from 0.07 ± 0.001 (RHW28) to 0.42 ± 0.001 (WEGG40). The a posteriori mean distributions of the genetic correlation between reproductive traits ranged from 0.18 ± 0.026 (FERT and HACT) to 0.79 ± 0.007 (FERT and BIRTH) and those related to performance ranged from –0.49 ± 0.001 (WEGG36 and DENS36) to 0.75 ± 0.003 (DENS28 and DENS36). Reproductive and performance traits showed enough additive genetic variability to respond to selection, except for RHW28. This trait alone would have little impact on the genetic gain because environmental factors would have a higher impact compared to those from the additive genetic factors. Based on the results of this study, the selection applied on the BIRTH trait can be indicated to improve FERT and HATC of eggs. Furthermore, the use of the WEGG40 could improve egg quality in this population.

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Genetic parameters and genotype–environment interactions of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) in Fujian Province

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2013-0427 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 582-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Liming Bian ◽

Jisen Shi ◽

Renhua Zheng ◽

Jinhui Chen ◽

Harry X. Wu

Keyword(s):

Genetic Parameters ◽

Breeding Strategy ◽

Chinese Fir ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Fujian Province ◽

The Third ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Sib Families

Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) is the most commercially important conifer in China, and the Nanjing Forestry University – Fujian Province Chinese fir Cooperation (NJFU – Fujian Cooperation) breeding program has advanced it into the third cycle of selection and breeding. In this paper, we estimated genetic parameters from four sites for 80 half-sib families and summarized previous estimates of genetic parameters in Chinese fir with an objective to propose optimal breeding strategy. Heritability averaged 0.20 and 0.14 for height and diameter at breast height (DBH), respectively, for the four sites. A significant genotype–environment interaction (G × E) for growth was also observed among the four sites, with the greatest interactions between a marginal site and the three central sites in the Fujian Province Chinese fir plantation region. The average estimated type-B genetic correlation between the marginal site and the three central sites was 0.08 for height and –0.09 for DBH. However, the highly productive families were among the most stable across the four sites. The results from this study in combination with summarized genetic parameters from literature were used to discuss and propose an optimal breeding strategy for the third generation of the breeding program for Chinese firs in Fujian Province.

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The Causal Effects of Proximity on Investment: Evidence from Flight Introductions

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis ◽

10.1017/s0022109019000565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 1978-2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jesse Ellis ◽

Leonardo Madureira ◽

Shane Underwood

Keyword(s):

Mutual Funds ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Investment Decisions ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Causal Effects ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Firm Level ◽

Exogenous Shock ◽

And Performance ◽

Fund Investment

We use the introduction of direct flights as an exogenous shock to the travel time between mutual funds and firms to estimate the causal effects of proximity on fund investment decisions and performance. We find that a fund invests significantly more in firms that become more proximate following the introduction of direct flights and that these more proximate investments exhibit superior performance. Our findings are robust to including a variety of fixed effects and potential confounders such as firm-level shocks, fund-level shocks, and time trends. Collectively, our results indicate that proximity enhances investors’ ability to acquire value-relevant information about firms.

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Selection of a suitable definition of environment for the estimation of genotype × environment interaction in the weaning weight of beef cattle

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/351-cjas ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 407-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L. Vostrý ◽

J. Přibyl ◽

V. Jakubec ◽

Z. Veselá ◽

I. Majzlík

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Evaluation Model ◽

Economic Value ◽

Information Criterion ◽

Ratio Test ◽

Residual Variance ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Weaning Weight ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

And Performance

Genotype by environment interactions for weaning weight in beef cattle were tested using several definitions of environments. Four breeds of beef cattle (Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Beef Simmental, and Charolais) were represented. The environments were defined according to five criteria: altitude, production areas, economic value of the land, less favourable areas, and performance levels of a breed within herds. Ten mixed models were compared including the effects of direct and maternal genetics, herd-year-season, maternal permanent environmental, breed, environment, genotype × environment interaction, sex of calf, and age of dam. The suitability of the models was tested by Akaike’s Information Criterion, likelihood ratio test, and magnitude of the residual variance. The most suitable definitions of environment were less favoured areas and herd levels of performance. Estimates of direct heritability ranged from 0.07 to 0.19. Genotype × environment interactions should be included in a genetic evaluation model for interbreed comparisons of beef cattle in the Czech Republic.

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Genetic variability for girth growth and rubber yield in Hevea brasiliensis

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162006000300006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 246-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Paulo de Souza Gonçalves ◽

Marcelo de Almeida Silva ◽

Ligia Regina Lima Gouvêa ◽

Erivaldo José Scaloppi Junior

Keyword(s):

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽

High Heritability ◽

Selection Intensities

Basic knowledge of genetic characteristics of populations is necessary to conduct effective breeding and selection. The objective of this paper is describing the genetic variation of rubber yield and the correlation with other traits, and estimating the genetic parameters for girth growth and total number of latex vessels. Sixty seven clones of Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.-Arg. were tested at five sites during 10 years. Characters girth growth at panel opening and rubber yield, showed broad sense heritability on plot mean level, from 0.32 to 0.66 and 0.59 to 0.92, respectively. Predicted genetic gains equal to 0.73 cm and 0.79 g increase respectively on girth and yield in the opening panel and mature phases seems realistic, even with moderate selection intensities. Genetic correlations with rubber yield, bark thickness and total number of latex vessels were very large, and almost no genotype-environment interaction was present for girth growth. High genotype-environment interaction was present for rubber yield with genetic and phenotypic correlations across the sites, ranging from 0.64 to 0.92 (genetic) and 0.63 to 0.89 (phenotypic). Total number of latex vessels rings had a high heritability, ranging from 20.0% to 64.0% in the sites E and B, respectively.

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Genetic effects on reproductive traits in Warmblood horses

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas08067 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 89 (2) ◽

pp. 215-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Wolc ◽

G. Torzynski ◽

T. Szwaczkowski

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Additive Genetic Effect ◽

Reproductive Efficiency ◽

Horse Breeding ◽

Estimate Heritability ◽

Genetic Trends

Reproductive efficiency is an important issue in horse breeding. However, almost no estimates of genetic parameters of reproductive traits in horses can be found in the literature. The objective of the study was to estimate heritability and genetic trends of foaling rate and number of reproductive seasons in Warmblood horses. The records of 3965 mares from six studs were analyzed. Mares were on average kept for 7.3 reproductive seasons with a foaling rate of 66%. Models included fixed effects of stud, period of birth, breed and random additive genetic effect. Heritability estimates were 0.12 for foaling rate and 0.17 for number of reproductive seasons. Key words: Heritability, reproduction, horse

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Genetic parameters and genotype × environment interaction in Pinus taeda clonal tests

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 474 ◽

pp. 118342

Author(s):

Rayssa Chaves Braga ◽

João Gabriel Zanon Paludeto ◽

Bruno Marchetti Souza ◽

Ananda V. Aguiar ◽

Maria Fernanda M. Pollnow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pinus Taeda ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction

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Multiattribute Response of Maize Genotypes Tested in Different Coastal Regions of Brazil

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2011/215843 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Lúcio Borges de Araújo ◽

Mario Varela Nualles ◽

Mirian Fernandes Carvalho Araújo ◽

Carlos Tadeu dos Santos Dias

Keyword(s):

Principal Components ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Coastal Regions ◽

Multivariate Response ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

The Mean ◽

Components Analysis ◽

And Performance ◽

Main Effects

This work applies the three mode principal components analysis to analyze simultaneously the multiple attributes; to fit of models with additive main effects and multiplicative interaction effects (AMMI models) and the regressions models on sites (SREG models); to evaluate, respectively, the multivariate response of the genotype × environment interaction and the mean response of 36 genotypes of corn tested in 4 locations in Brazil. The results were presented by joint plots to identify the best genotypes for their adaptability and performance in the set of attributes.

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