scholarly journals Occurrence of gastrointestinal protozoans in cats from Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Keila Jimenez Torrico ◽  
Nelson Jessé Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Hugo Luca Abate ◽  
Felippe Danyel Cardoso Martins ◽  
Luiz Daniel de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Identity Match ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
The City

Protozoans are widely distributed, and several species may parasitize the digestive tracts of cats (Felis catus), and can be transmitted to humans. The present study aimed to evaluate the species and occurrence of gastrointestinal protozoans in cats in the city of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. A total of 206 cat fecal samples were tested, of which 141 were from shelter animals, and 65 were from pets owned by local people. Samples were processed by parasitological techniques. Coproparasitological techniques (Willis, Faust and Ziehl-Neelsen) were performed for detection of protozoan parasites. Subsequently, all samples were processed by PCR protocols specific to Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia spp., and Cryptosporidium spp. PCR products from positive samples were selected for sequencing. No samples were found to be positive for Cryptosporidium spp. using the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Using specific PCR protocols, 1/206 (0.48%) samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium spp. After purification, this one positive sample was sequenced, and it demonstrated a 100% identity match to Cryptosporidium muris. Using specific PCR protocols, 13/206 (9.22%) cat fecal samples tested, including 2/65 (3.08%) pet cat fecal samples, were positive for T. gondii. PCR analysis revealed that 37/206 (17.96%) of cat fecal samples were positive for Giardia spp., including 27/141 (19.15%) of shelter cat fecal samples, and 10/65 (15.38%) pet cat fecal samples (p = 0.5124). When sequenced, these positive samples showed a 100% identity match with Giardia duodenalis. This study demonstrated that infections with Cryptosporidium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Giardia duodenalis are present in the population of both pet cats and shelter cats in the city of Londrina. This poses a risk to public health, because these parasites have a high zoonotic potential.

scholarly journals Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in stray cats in Mashhad area, Iran.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Khodaverdi ◽  
Gholamreza Razmi
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Abstract Background: Cats as a definitive host have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection and isolate and identify the genotypes of T. gondii in stray cats in Mashhad suburb. Methods: From April 2016 to August 2017, 175 fecal samples from stray cats and 31 brain samples from cats killed in driving accidents were collected. The fecal samples were examined by fecal flotation technique and T. gondii -specific PCR. The brain samples were investigated by T. gondii -specific PCR and consequently examined by mice bioassay. The DNA of T. gondii isolated was genotyped using SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and GRA6 as PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers. Results: In the present study, Toxoplasma -like oocysts were microscopically observed in 2.2% (4/175) fecal samples. The presence of Toxoplasma oocysts was confirmed in one microscopy-positive sample by PCR. In addition, T . gondii DNA was detected in 4% (7/175) microscopy-negative samples using PCR. T. gondii was isolated from one brain PCR-positive sample by mice bioassay. The isolate was avirulent and many T. gondii cysts were observed in mice brain. The isolate was successfully genotyped by PCR-RLFP analysis .The isolated genotyped was type II. Beside, eight Toxoplasma- positive fecal samples contained insufficient DNA and only amplified at SAG-3 locus in PCR. These samples were also showed type II pattern at this locus. Conclusions: Parasitological and molecular results showed low frequency of Toxoplasma infection in the stray cats, and identified the genotype of T. gondii isolate as type II, for the first time in Mashhad area, Khorasan Razavi Province.

scholarly journals Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in stray cats in Mashhad area, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Khodaverdi ◽  
Gholamreza Razmi
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Flotation Technique

Abstract Background Cats as a definitive host have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection and isolate and identify the genotypes of T. gondii in stray cats in the Mashhad suburb. Methods From April 2016 to August 2017, 175 fecal samples from stray cats and 31 brain samples from cats killed in driving accidents were collected. The fecal samples were examined by fecal flotation technique and T. gondii-specific PCR. The brain samples were investigated by T. gondii-specific PCR and consequently examined by mice bioassay. The DNA of T. gondii isolated was genotyped using SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and GRA6 as PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers. Results In the present study, Toxoplasma-like oocysts were microscopically observed in 2.2% (4/175) fecal samples. The presence of Toxoplasma oocysts was confirmed in one microscopy-positive sample by PCR. In addition, T. gondii DNA was detected in 4% (7/175) microscopy-negative samples using PCR. T. gondii was isolated from one brain PCR-positive sample by mice bioassay. The isolate was avirulent and many T. gondii cysts were observed in mice brain. The isolate was successfully genotyped by PCR-RLFP analysis. The isolated genotyped was type II. Besides, eight Toxoplasma-positive fecal samples contained insufficient DNA and only amplified at SAG-3 locus in PCR. These samples were also showed type II pattern at this locus. Conclusions Parasitological and molecular results showed low frequency of Toxoplasma infection in the stray cats, and identified the genotype of T. gondii isolate as type II, for the first time in Mashhad area, Khorasan Razavi Province.

scholarly journals Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in stray cats in Mashhad area, Iran.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Khodaverdi ◽  
Gholamreza Razmi
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Abstract Background: Cats as a definitive host have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection and isolate and identify the genotypes of T. gondii in stray cats in the Mashhad suburb. Methods: From April 2016 to August 2017, 175 fecal samples from stray cats and 31 brain samples from cats killed in driving accidents were collected. The fecal samples were examined by fecal flotation technique and T. gondii-specific PCR. The brain samples were investigated by T. gondii-specific PCR and consequently examined by mice bioassay. The DNA of T. gondii isolated was genotyped using SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and GRA6 as PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers. Results: In the present study, Toxoplasma-like oocysts were microscopically observed in 2.2% (4/175) fecal samples. The presence of Toxoplasma oocysts was confirmed in one microscopy-positive sample by PCR. In addition, T. gondii DNA was detected in 4% (7/175) microscopy-negative samples using PCR. T. gondii was isolated from one brain PCR-positive sample by mice bioassay. The isolate was avirulent and many T. gondii cysts were observed in mice brain. The isolate was successfully genotyped by PCR-RLFP analysis .The isolated genotyped was type II. Besides, eight Toxoplasma-positive fecal samples contained insufficient DNA and only amplified at SAG-3 locus in PCR. These samples were also showed type II pattern at this locus. Conclusions: Parasitological and molecular results showed low frequency of Toxoplasma infection in the stray cats, and identified the genotype of T. gondii isolate as type II, for the first time in Mashhad area, Khorasan Razavi Province.

scholarly journals Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in stray cats in Mashhad area, Iran.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Khodaverdi ◽  
Gholamreza Razmi
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Abstract Background: Cats as a definitive host have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection and isolate and identify the genotypes of T. gondii in stray cats in Mashhad suburb. Methods: From April 2016 to August 2017, 175 fecal samples from stray cats and 31 brain samples from cats killed in driving accidents were collected. The fecal samples were examined by fecal flotation technique and T. gondii-specific PCR. The brain samples were investigated by T. gondii-specific PCR and consequently examined by mice bioassay. The DNA of T. gondii isolated was genotyped using SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and GRA6 as PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers. Results: In the present study, Toxoplasma-like oocysts were microscopically observed in 2.2% (4/175) fecal samples. The presence of Toxoplasma oocysts was confirmed in one microscopy-positive sample by PCR. In addition, T. gondii DNA was detected in 4% (7/175) microscopy-negative samples using PCR. T. gondii was isolated from one brain PCR-positive sample by mice bioassay. The isolate was avirulent and many T. gondii cysts were observed in mice brain. The isolate was successfully genotyped by PCR-RLFP analysis .The isolated genotyped was type II. Beside, eight Toxoplasma-positive fecal samples contained insufficient DNA and only amplified at SAG-3 locus in PCR. These samples were also showed type II pattern at this locus. Conclusions: Parasitological and molecular results showed low frequency of Toxoplasma infection in the stray cats, and identified the genotype of T. gondii isolate as type II, for the first time in Mashhad area, Khorasan Razavi Province.

scholarly journals Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in stray cats in Mashhad area, Iran.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Khodaverdi ◽  
Gholamreza Razmi
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Abstract Background: Cats as a definitive host have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection and isolate and identify the genotypes of T. gondii in stray cats in Mashhad suburb . Methods: From April 2016 to August 2017, in this study, 175 fecal samples from stray cats and 31 brain samples from cats killed in driving accidents were collected. The fecal samples were examined by fecal flotation technique and T. gondii -specific PCR. The brain samples were investigated by T. gondii -specific PCR and consequently examined by mice bioassay. The DNA of T. gondii isolated were genotyped using SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and GRA6 as PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers . Results: In the present study, oocysts-like Toxoplasma were microscopically observed in 2.2% (4/175) fecal samples. The presence of Toxoplasma oocysts was confirmed in one microscopy-positive sample by PCR. In addition, T. gondii DNA was detected in 4% (7/175) microscopy-negative samples using PCR. T. gondii was isolated from one brain PCR-positive sample by mice bioassay. The isolate was avirulent and many T. gondii cysts were observed in mice brain. The isolate was successfully genotyped by PCR-RLFP analysis .The isolated genotyped was type II. Beside, eight Toxoplasma- positive fecal samples contained insufficient DNA and only amplified at SAG-3 locus in PCR. These samples were also showed type II pattern at this locus. Conclusions: Parasitological and molecular results showed low frequency of Toxoplasma infection in the stray cats, and identified the genotype of T. gondii isolate as type II, for the first time in Mashhad area, Khorasan Razavi Province.

scholarly journals Molecular diagnosis of the curly lettuce parasitic contamination from hydroponic cultivation from supermarkets

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Pinto-Ferreira ◽  
Jonatan Batista Reis ◽  
Aline Ticiani Pereira Paschoal ◽  
Letícia Santos Balbino ◽  
Amanda Bertão-Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Fluctuation Method ◽  
The City ◽  
Commercial Kit

Abstract The consumption of vegetables has increased in recent years due to the search for a healthier diet that is rich in fiber and has fewer calories. To assess the parasitic contamination of lettuce sold in markets, a survey of parasites was carried out from a supermarket chain in the city of Londrina, Paraná. A total of thirty samples of lettuce were purchased in the ten markets visited, three in each, of which ten were conventionally cultivated, ten were hydroponically cultivated, and ten were organically cultivated. All samples were analyzed using the sedimentation methods of Hoffman, Pons and Janer and the fluctuation method of Faust and colleagues and Willis with adaptations. In addition, the samples were subjected to DNA extraction by a commercial kit and polymerase chain reaction to detect Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp., which are protozoa that cause food and waterborne parasitic outbreaks. All samples were negative for sedimentation and flotation techniques. One of the hydroponically cultivated samples was positive for T. gondii. The results demonstrate the risk of curly lettuce contamination from hydroponic cultivation and the need for proper cleaning of these foods before consumption.

scholarly journals Correction to: Goats in the city: prevalence of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in extensively reared goats in northern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjersti Selstad Utaaker ◽  
Nina Myhr ◽  
Rajinder Singh Bajwa ◽  
Himanshu Joshi ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Northern India ◽  
The City

Toxoplasma gondii and Other Zoonotic Protozoans in Mediterranean Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis): A Food Safety Concern?

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIZIANA TEDDE ◽  
MARIANNA MARANGI ◽  
ROBERTO PAPINI ◽  
SARA SALZA ◽  
GIOVANNI NORMANNO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Blue Mussel ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Mediterranean Mussel ◽  
Foodborne Infection

ABSTRACT Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) are among the most consumed fishery products, but they are frequent vehicles of foodborne infection worldwide. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and seasonality of zoonotic protozoans in mussels farmed or sold at retail outlets in Italy. We collected and tested 1,440 M. galloprovincialis and 180 M. edulis. Pooled samples were molecularly tested for Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Toxoplasma gondii and then sequenced. Sixty-two (45.9%; 95% confidence interval, 37.5 to 54.3%) mussel pools tested positive for one or more of the investigated pathogens. Both Mytilus species and samples from all the investigated areas harbored pathogens. Mussels were statistically more contaminated by Cryptosporidium spp., followed by T. gondii and G. duodenalis assemblage A, and M. galloprovincialis was more contaminated than M. edulis (P < 0.01). Contamination was more likely in mussels at retail outlets (P < 0.05) than in those from farms and in mussels collected in spring (P < 0.01) than in other seasons. This is the first report of T. gondii found in M. galloprovincialis in Italy and in M. edulis in Europe. The detection of zoonotic protozoans in a widely consumed food source indicates the need for a more detailed microbiological risk analysis, especially considering that bivalve mollusks are often consumed raw worldwide.

scholarly journals Detection and genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in feces of domestic cats in Colombia

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Zamora-Vélez ◽  
Jessica Triviño ◽  
Sebastián Cuadrado-Ríos ◽  
Fabiana Lora-Suarez ◽  
Jorge Enrique Gómez-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
High Density ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The City

The high prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in the human population in Colombia has been linked to the existence of a high density of urban stray cats, exposing the whole population to a high density of oocysts. The goal of this study was to determine the DNA prevalence of T. gondii by conventional PCR and to phylogenetically analyze ROP18 sequences from positive samples in domestic cat (Felis catus) fecal samples in the city of Armenia, Quindío. Fecal samples from 140 cats were collected from 10 districts around the city. Samples were concentrated using Ritchie’s method and analyzed through optical microscopy. Concentrates were used for DNA extraction followed by nested PCR amplification for T. gondii gene B1. PCR for ROP18 was performed on all B1 positive samples; the ROP18 sequences obtained were related to the Archetype I Brazilian and Chinese strains. No oocysts were detected by optical microscopy; however, 17.8% (25/140) B1 and 24% (6/25) ROP18 PCR-positive samples were detected. Phylogenetic analyses showed that isolates clustered into a single group. We assessed whether associations existed between T. gondii positive fecal samples and survey variables such as cat healthcare and socioeconomic characteristics of owners, but no statistically significant associations were found. The presence of T. gondii in cat feces is an important factor contributing to the high prevalence in the human population of this city.

Potential application of low-stringency single specific primer-PCR in the identification ofLeptospirain the serum of patients with suspected leptospirosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1073-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Costa Ooteman ◽  
Annamaria Ravara Vago ◽  
Matilde Cota Koury
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Preliminary Identification ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Genetic Signatures ◽  
Potential Use

In this study we tested the potential use of low-stringency single specific primer-PCR (LSSP-PCR) for genetically typing Leptospira directly from biological samples. Serum samples obtained from 29 patients with clinically suspected leptospirosis were amplified by specific PCR, using the previously selected G1 and G2 primers. The PCR products of approximately 300 bp were subsequently used as a template for LSSP-PCR analysis. We were able to produce genetic signatures from the leptospires present in the human samples, which permitted us to make a preliminary identification of the infective serovar by comparing the LSSP-PCR profiles obtained directly from serum samples with those from reference leptospires. Thus, LSSP-PCR has the potential to become a useful diagnostic tool for identifying leptospires in biological samples without the need for bacteria isolation and culture.Key words: LSSP-PCR, Leptospira.

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