Occurrence of Babesia vogeli, Mycoplasma spp., Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma spp. in a hospital dog population of western Paraná

Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, and Babesia vogeli are frequently detected in the veterinary routine with varied pathogenesis that can lead to death, mainly in co-infections. Although canine hemotropic mycoplasmas are considered of low clinical importance, they have recently gained prominence in molecular research. The present study aimed to analyze two hospital populations of dogs, randomly selected from the year 2013 and 2015, from the municipalities of Toledo (n=68) and Cascavel (n=107). Direct examination of blood smears, serology, and PCR were used to detect the presence of E. canis, A. platys, B. vogeli and Mycoplasma sp. Direct blood smear examination was negative for the investigated agents in all samples. Serum immunochromatography (SensPERT ™, VetAll Laboratories, Korea) in 175 animals showed that only 4% (n = 7) had anti-E. canis antibodies, while 60% (n = 105) were positive for Anaplasma sp. All PCR samples were negative for E. canis, while 18.28% (n = 32) were positive for A. platys, 3.42% (n = 6) positive for Babesia vogeli, and 7.41% (n = 13) positive for Mycoplasma sp. The study revealed the presence of A. platys in Toledo and Cascavel by PCR, which accentuates the need to monitor vector populations and usual hosts and to evaluate the potential risk of infection in humans.

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Survey of Ehrlichia canis, Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. in dogs from a semiarid region of Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612015011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tereza Emmanuelle de Farias Rotondano ◽

Herta Karyanne Araújo Almeida ◽

Felipe da Silva Krawczak ◽

Vanessa Lira Santana ◽

Ivana Fernandes Vidal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Smear ◽

Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Ehrlichia Canis ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Babesia Vogeli ◽

Blood Smear Examination ◽

Babesia Spp

This study assessed the occurrence of Ehrlichia spp., Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. infections in 100 tick-harboring dogs from a semiarid region of the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples and ticks were collected from the animals, and a questionnaire was submitted to dog owners to obtain general data. Blood samples were used to perform hemogram, direct blood smear and immunological and molecular hemoparasite detection. The 1,151 ticks collected were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus; direct smears revealed E. canis-like morulae in the monocytes of 4% (4/100) of the non-vaccinated female dogs, and 34% and 25% of the dogs tested positive for Ehrlichia canis by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Blood smear examination revealed Babesia-suggestive merozoites in the erythrocytes of 2% (2/100) of the animals. Babesia vogeli was detected by PCR in ten animals (10%) and was correlated with young age (p = 0.007) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.01). None of the animals showed Hepatozoon spp. positivity. These results indicate that E. canis is the main tick-borne canine pathogen in the study area and provide the first report of B. vogeli infection in dogs from Paraiba State.

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Prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi Infections in Horses in South Gujarat, India

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4392 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Suresh V. Mavadiya ◽

Ramesh M. Patel ◽

Sudhir A. Mehta ◽

Arshi A. Vagh ◽

Irshad H. Kalyani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Smear ◽

Blood Parasites ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Theileria Equi ◽

Smear Examination ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Blood Smear Examination ◽

Tick Borne Disease ◽

Pcr Method ◽

Tick Vectors

Background: Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease of horses caused by the intraerytrocytic protozoan parasites. The infected animals remain carriers of these blood parasites for long periods and spread the disease. The introduction of carrier animals into areas where competent tick vectors are prevalent can lead to an epizootic spread of the disease.Methods: Total 295 blood smears from diseased and healthy horses were examined and 295 serum samples were analyses by cELISA for the presence of antibodies against T. equi and B. caballi whereas 90 DNA samples from seropositive horses were screened by PCR for presence of parasite’s DNA. Result: In present study, 1.35% horses were found positive for T. equi by means of blood smear examination. Using c-ELISA, it was found that 03 (1.02%) horses had antibodies against B. caballi and 182 (61.69%) against T. equi, while none of the sample showed mixed reactions. Ninety (90) seropositivehorses screened for T. equi and B. caballi by PCR method, out of which, only Nine (09) horses werefound positive indicating an overall prevalence rate of T. equi was 10.00% by PCR. None ofthe horses found positive for B. caballi through blood smear examination and PCR method.

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Detection and molecular characterization of Hepatozoon canis, Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis, and Anaplasma platys in dogs from Metro Manila, Philippines

Korean Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.14405/kjvr.2017.57.2.79 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 79-88

Author(s):

Davin Edric V. Adao ◽

Charles Michael T. Herrera ◽

Luiza H. Galarion ◽

Nicole R. Bolo ◽

Rhodora S. Carlos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Ehrlichia Canis ◽

Hepatozoon Canis ◽

Anaplasma Platys ◽

Babesia Vogeli ◽

Metro Manila

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Critical analysis of vector-borne infections in dogs: Babesia vogeli, Babesia gibsoni, Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis in Punjab, India

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2016-0098 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Lachhman Das Singla ◽

Deepak Sumbria ◽

Ajay Mandhotra ◽

M.S. Bal ◽

Paramjit Kaur

Keyword(s):

Hepatozoon Canis ◽

Babesia Gibsoni ◽

Chain Reactions ◽

Vector Borne Diseases ◽

Polymerase Chain Reactions ◽

Relationship Analysis ◽

Babesia Vogeli ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Blood Smear Examination ◽

Vector Borne

AbstractThere are few published studies on various vector borne diseases of dogs in India and most depict clinical infection in dogs, diagnosed by observation of the haemopathogens in stained blood smears. This study provides the first report regarding molecular confirmation and ancestral relationship analysis of blood smears positive cases of assorted haemopathogens in Punjab province of India. On blood smear examination, haemopathogens were observed in 124 out of 778 (15.95%, 95% CI: 13.53– 18.68) blood smears. Further polymerase chain reactions (PCR) was used on bloods smear positive cases to validate the results. Out of 778 blood samples,

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Molecular epidemiology of Anaplasma platys, Ehrlichia canis and Babesia vogeli in stray dogs in Paraná, Brazil

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2017000200006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 129-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Claudia M. Ribeiro ◽

Aldair C. Matos ◽

Thainá Azzolini ◽

Everton R. Bones ◽

Eduardo A. Wasnieski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽

Molecular Study ◽

Ehrlichia Canis ◽

Anaplasma Platys ◽

Amblyomma Cajennense ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Babesia Vogeli ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Hematological Changes ◽

The City

ABSTRACT: Hemoparasitic infections are tick-borne diseases, which affect animals and humans. Considering the importance of canine hemoparasitic infections in veterinary clinics, this study aimed to determine the occurrence of Anaplasma platys, Ehrlichia canis and Babesia vogeli in blood samples from 182 dogs not domiciled in the city of Pato Branco, southwestern region of Paraná State, Brazil, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of A. platys and B. vogeli was 32.9% and 10.9% respectively, and A. platys infection prevailed (p<0.001). The number of dogs positive for A. platys was larger in Winter (p<0.05). All blood samples were negative for E. canis. In the dogs, infestation by Amblyomma cajennense predominated over that by Rhipicephalus sanguineus (p<0.001); but there was no significant association between PCR and the variables presence of ticks, sex and age. Dogs infected by A. platys and B. vogeli showed thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and leukocytosis; but there was no correlation between such hematological changes and infection by hemoparasites. This appears to be the first molecular study that demonstrates the existence of A. platys and B. vogeli in dogs from the southwestern region of Paraná.

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Molecular detection of Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in a hospital population of dogs clinically diagnosed with hemoparasitosis

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n5supl1p2143 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 2143-2152

Author(s):

Aline Ticiani Pereira Paschoal ◽

Ana Clécia dos Santos Silva ◽

Juliana Correa Bernardes ◽

Eloiza Teles Caldart ◽

Fernanda Pinto-Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Ehrlichia Canis ◽

Anaplasma Platys ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Babesia Vogeli ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Etiological Agents

There is an increase in tick-borne diseases in dogs in urban and rural areas in Brazil and some of these are of public health importance. Rhipicephalus sanguineus-transmitted hemoparasitoses are the main causes of mortality in dogs. The present study investigated the molecular occurrence of Ehrlichia canis, Babesia vogeli and Anaplasma platys in dogs with clinical sings and hematological abnormalities suggestive of tick-borne diseases. These dogs were seen at a Veterinary Hospital of a Public University between January 2014 and December 2016, and were evaluated through anamnesis, clinical examination and complementary exams. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to detect the presence of hemoparasites DNA. From the 461 dogs that were tested for B. vogeli, 10.6% (49/461) were positive, the associated variable was age. Regarding the 730 animals screened for E. canis, 15.1% (110/730) were positive, and the infection was associated with hematocrit and number of platelets. Relative to the 86 samples evaluated for A. platys, 15.1% (13/86) were positive, and no variable presented statistical significance. From the animals positive for B. vogeli, no of these showed positivity by qPCR for Rangelia vitalii. It is concluded that the occurrence of hemoparasitosis in dogs from the Londrina region is common. Therefore, it is emphasized that molecular techniques should be used as an auxiliary tool for the differential diagnosis of the different etiological agents causing hemoparasitosis. Additionally, these molecular tools are essential for better investigation and preventive assertiveness because it allows to detect parasite DNA.

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Molecular detection of pathogens in ticks and fleas collected from companion dogs and cats in East and Southeast Asia

10.1101/2020.05.27.118554 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Viet-Linh Nguyen ◽

Vito Colella ◽

Grazia Greco ◽

Fang Fang ◽

Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Animal Species ◽

Ehrlichia Canis ◽

Hepatozoon Canis ◽

Anaplasma Platys ◽

Rickettsia Felis ◽

Companion Dogs ◽

Babesia Vogeli ◽

East And Southeast Asia ◽

Vector Borne

AbstractTicks and fleas are considered amongst the most important arthropod vectors of medical and veterinary concern due to their ability to transmit pathogens to a range of animal species including dogs, cats and humans. By sharing a common environment with humans, companion animal-associated parasitic arthropods may potentially transmit zoonotic vector-borne pathogens (VBPs). This study aimed to molecularly detect pathogens from ticks (n = 392) and fleas (n = 248) collected from companion dogs and cats in East and Southeast Asia. Of the 392 ticks tested, 37 (9.4%) scored positive for at least one pathogen with Hepatozoon canis being the most prevalent (5.4%), followed by Ehrlichia canis (1.8%), Babesia vogeli (1%), Anaplasma platys (0.8%) and Rickettsia spp. (1%) [including Rickettsia sp. (0.5%), Rickettsia asembonensis (0.3%), Rickettsia felis (0.3%)]. Out of 248 fleas tested, 106 (42.7%) were harboring at least one pathogen with R. felis being the most common (19.4%), followed by Bartonella spp. (16.5%), Rickettsia asembonensis (10.9%) and Candidatus Rickettsia senegalensis (0.4%). Furthermore, 35 Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks were subjected to phylogenetic analysis, of which 34 ticks belonged to the tropical and only one belonged to the temperate lineage (Rh. sanguineus sensu stricto). Our data reveals the circulation of different VBPs in ticks and fleas of dogs and cats from Asia, including zoonotic agents, which may represent a potential risk to animal and human health.Author summaryTicks and fleas are among the most important vectors of pathogens infesting many animal species including humans worldwide. Although a number of vector-borne pathogens have been detected in dogs and cats from East and Southeast Asia, investigation in ticks and fleas collected from them are scant. In order to provide an overview of the pathogens circulating in ticks and fleas from companion dogs and cats in Asia, ticks (n = 392) and fleas (n = 248) were collected from privately-owned dogs and cats from China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines and Vietnam and molecularly screened for the presence of pathogens. Overall, multiple pathogens were found in ticks (i.e., Babesia vogeli, Hepatozoon canis, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys and Rickettsia spp.) and fleas (i.e., Rickettsia spp. and Bartonella spp.) from the sampling areas. Of the ticks tested, 9.4% scored positive for at least one pathogen and of fleas 42.7% harbored at least one pathogen with Rickettsia felis being the most common (19.4%). Overall, of the detected pathogens, R. felis stood out as the most important due to its zoonotic potential. The result of this study should increase awareness among pet owners and veterinary practitioners regarding the importance of ticks and fleas, and their transmitted pathogens.

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Prevalence of Haemoprotozoan Infection in Gir Cattle in and around Junagadh, Gujarat

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.15.2.12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (02) ◽

pp. 46-48

Author(s):

S B Swami ◽

J S Patel ◽

S H Talekar ◽

Binod Kumar ◽

V L Parmar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microscopic Examination ◽

Blood Smear ◽

Winter Season ◽

Summer Season ◽

Age Group ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Blood Smear Examination ◽

Therapeutic Measures ◽

Babesia Spp ◽

Theileria Spp

The study was carried out on a total of 250 Gir cattle, which covered those presented to the Veterinary Clinical Complex of the College in Junagadh (Gujarat) for therapeutic measures and some from Gaushala near to Junagadh region. The animals were screened for common hemoprotozoan infection based on blood smear examination to record the prevalence rate of infection. The overall prevalence of hemoprotozoan infections recorded on the basis of microscopic examination of blood smears was 35.20 %. Out of these, 64 (25.60%) were positive for Theileria spp., 20 (8%) for Babesia spp., and 4 (1.6%) for Anaplasma spp. a highest prevalence was recorded in April (64.70%), followed by March (57.14%) and February (42.85%). The lowest prevalence was recorded in the month of December (5.88%). The highest prevalence was recorded in the summer season (40.71%), followed by rainy (34.37%) and winter season (19.56%). The highest prevalence of hemoprotozoan infection (41.86%) was recorded in Gir cattle of 3 to 8 years age group followed by 32.35% in 6 months to 3 years age group, and the lowest prevalence was recorded (24.32%) in older animals 8 years and above age group.

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HALLAZGO DE MÓRULAS COMPATIBLES CON ANAPLASMA PLATYS EN UN CANINO DE LA CIUDAD DE ESPERANZA

FAVE Sección Ciencias Veterinarias ◽

10.14409/favecv.v19isuplemento.10918 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (suplemento) ◽

Author(s):

L Bravo Araya

Keyword(s):

Causative Agent ◽

Blood Smear ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽

Intracellular Pathogens ◽

Anaplasma Platys ◽

Obligate Intracellular ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Low Sensitivity ◽

The City

Anaplasma platys is a Gram-negative, intracellular obligate bacterium that is transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and has been identified in most of the country. It is the causative agent of canine infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia. The objective of this work is to report the finding of morulae compatible with A. platys in the blood smear of a 10-year-old male Weimaraner canine who was treated at the Hospital de Salud Animal of the Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias of the Universidad Nacional del Litoral, in the city of Esperanza. The case could not be followed up, because the patient died a few days after his first consultation. The detection of obligate intracellular pathogens in blood smears has low sensitivity and specificity, therefore confirmation of the causative agent must be performed using PCR. Due to the severity of the condition presented in this case, it is necessary to differentiate the presence of Ehrliquia canis and confirm the finding of A. platys using PCR. Current scientific evidence reveals that the zoonotic potential of A. platys is very low or nil.

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