scholarly journals A Case of High Dose Metoprolol Poisoning; Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Metin Ocak ◽  
Halil Çetinkaya ◽  
Hüseyin Kesim
Keyword(s):  
High Dose ◽  
Lipid Solubility ◽  
Heart Failure Treatment ◽  
Adrenoceptor Antagonist ◽  
Poisoning Case ◽  
Failure Treatment ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Β Blocker ◽  
High Lipid Solubility

β-Blockers are prescribed by physicians for many medical reasons (hypertension, long-term prophylaxis of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stable heart failure treatment, cardiac arrhythmias, etc.). Although cases of β-blocker poisoning have a low rate of 0.9% among all poisoning cases, they have a high mortality rate. In β-blocker poisoning with high lipid solubility; seizures, respiratory depression, coma, resistant bradycardia-hypotension and shock may occur. Metoprolol, a type of β-blocker, is a selective β1-adrenoceptor antagonist with sympathomimetic effect. It is also reported that metoprolol is the 2nd most commonly prescribed β-blocker after bisoprolol all over the world. This article aims to present a case who took high-dose metoprolol for suicidal purposes and to examine metoprolol poisoning and its treatment in the light of current literature.

scholarly journals Novel Facet of an Old Dietary Molecule? Direct Influence of Caffeine on Glucose and Biogenic Amine Handling by Human Adipocytes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3831
Author(s):  
Wiem Haj Ahmed ◽  
Nathalie Boulet ◽  
Anaïs Briot ◽  
Barry J. Ryan ◽  
Gemma K. Kinsella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Amine Oxidase ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Solubility ◽  
Human Adipocytes ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Amine Oxidation ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Lipid Solubility

Caffeine is a plant alkaloid present in food and beverages consumed worldwide. It has high lipid solubility with recognized actions in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues, notably the adipose depots. However, the literature is scant regarding caffeine’s influence on adipocyte functions other than lipolysis, such as glucose incorporation into lipids (lipogenesis) and amine oxidation. The objective of this study was to explore the direct effects of caffeine and of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) on these adipocyte functions. Glucose transport into fat cells freshly isolated from mice, rats, or humans was monitored by determining [3H]-2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake, while the incorporation of radiolabeled glucose into cell lipids was used as an index of lipogenic activity. Oxidation of benzylamine by primary amine oxidase (PrAO) was inhibited by increasing doses of caffeine in human adipose tissue preparations with an inhibition constant (Ki) in the millimolar range. Caffeine inhibited basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport as well as lipogenesis in rodent adipose cells. The antilipogenic action of caffeine was also observed in adipocytes from mice genetically invalidated for PrAO activity, indicating that PrAO activity was not required for lipogenesis inhibition. These caffeine inhibitory properties were extended to human adipocytes: relative to basal 2-DG uptake, set at 1.0 ± 0.2 for 6 individuals, 0.1 mM caffeine tended to reduce uptake to 0.83 ± 0.08. Insulin increased uptake by 3.86 ± 1.11 fold when tested alone at 100 nM, and by 3.21 ± 0.80 when combined with caffeine. Our results reinforce the recommendation of caffeine’s potential in the treatment or prevention of obesity complications.

A Case of Acute Poisoning with Fenitrothion (Sumithion)

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yoshida ◽  
E. Shimada ◽  
S. Yamanaka ◽  
H. Aoyama ◽  
Y. Yamamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Insufficiency ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Lipid Solubility ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
High Lipid Solubility

A 56-year-old male attempted suicide by ingestion of about 60 ml of 50% fenitrothion (Sumithion) emulsion. Five hours later, combined hemoperfusion and hemodialysis (HP-HD) treatment was performed for 60 min and consequently the toxic symptoms improved gradually. However, cholinergic symptoms recurred 4 days after ingestion. Although HP-HD was immediately performed for 180 min, it had no effect on the clinical symptoms. He died of respiratory insufficiency 6 days after the ingestion of fenitrothion. Fenitrothion concentration in the organs and tissues showed the highest values in the fat tissue, followed in decreasing order by the pancreas, muscle, lung and brain. The results indicate that fenitrothion has high lipid solubility and deposits in the fat tissue. Furthermore, we believe that when HP-HD therapy is used in the treatment of acute insecticide poisoning it is important that it be performed continuously and in as early a stage as possible.

Organochlorine Pesticides

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-63
Author(s):  
Garima Harit
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Lipid Solubility ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Freshwater Organisms ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
High Lipid Solubility ◽  
Great Danger

Indiscriminate use of different pesticides in agriculture has increased over the years, especially in the developing countries. This influences the aquatic environment to a great extent. This also poses a great danger to freshwater organisms, including fish, which constitute a major share in the aquatic environment and contribute to the economy of the nation. Water pollution is posing intricate problems that need immediate redress. Organo-chlorine pesticides (OCPs) are a major contributor to aquatic pollution and are amongst the most serious global contaminants. In addition, organochlorine pesticides have a tendency to accumulate in aquatic biota; they also undergo food chain amplification. Lipophilic pollutants are chemically very stable and resistant to microbial, photochemical, chemical, and thermal degradation. The chemical stability of these compounds, their high lipid solubility, and their toxicity to human beings and animals has led government and researchers to feel concerned about their presence in the environment.

Rapid passage of organic anions into human red cells

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis S. Schanker ◽  
Jean M. Johnson ◽  
John J. Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Organic Anions ◽  
Sulfanilic Acid ◽  
Lipid Solubility ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Sulfosalicylic Acid ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Intracellular Binding ◽  
The Times ◽  
High Lipid Solubility

The rates at which organic acids penetrate the human red cell suspended in Tyrode's solution are roughly related to the lipid-to-water partition coefficients of the compounds measured at pH 7.4 using chloroform as a lipidlike solvent. Phenol, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, 5-nitrosalicylic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid, and salicylic acid, compounds of relatively high lipid solubility, become equilibrated between the cells and suspending medium in less than 5 min. Phenol red, sulfosalicylic acid, sulfanilic acid, hippuric acid, and p-aminohippuric acid, compounds of lower lipid solubility, become equilibrated more slowly, the times ranging from 1 to more than 7 hr. Measurements of the intracellular binding of phenol red and sulfosalicylic acid indicate that the unbound anions are distributed across the cell membrane according to a Donnan equilibrium. Organic anions enter the cell much more rapidly than do organic cations of a similar low lipid solubility. The preferential permeability toward anions is considered in terms of various models of the cell membrane, and a mechanism for anion penetration is suggested.

Abstract 1614: Sequential Analysis of Immunosuppressive Therapy in Autoreactive Myocarditis - Sequential Analysis from ESETCID

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Maisch ◽  
Sabine Pankuweit ◽  
Susanne Koelsch ◽  
Guenther Hufnagel ◽  
Reinhard Funck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Heart Failure Treatment ◽  
Cardiac Decompensation ◽  
Failure Treatment ◽  
Persistent Inflammation

In the European Study on Epidemiology and Treatment of Cardiac Inflammatory Disease (ESETCID) pts with autoreactive (virus-negative) myocarditis (AM) and an ejection fraction <45% were randomised for 6 months of treatment with azathioprin (2mg/kg BW/day for 1 m and 0.85mg/kg BW/day for 5 m) + prednisolone (1.25mg/kg BW/ for 1 m and 0.3mg/kg BW/day for 5 m) or placebo on top of their heart failure treatment and followed-up for up to 8 years. Patients: 3149 pts with dilated cardiomyopathy were screened, 103 pts (mean age 47± 9 years, 81 male, 22 female) with AM and an EF 14 infiltrating cells/mm 2 ), persistence of viral or bacterial genomes for Parvo B19, coxsackie-, influenza-, adeno-, cytomegalo-, HHV 6, EBV, chlamydia and borrelia were excluded from the analysis. 56 pts (45 m) with AM were treated with verum, 47 pts ( 38m) with placebo. MACE are defined as cardiac death, heart transplantation, ICD implantation or hospitalisation for cardiac decompensation. Time to MACE is given in days to the event. Results: Inflammation was eradicated in 63% in the treatment group, but it also vanished spontaneously in 40% in the placebo arm(p<0,05). After 12 months the Kaplan Mayer MACE curves began to diverge. At 4 years freedom from MACE was 50% in the verum and 40% in the placebo group. Respective data at 8 years were 40% and 20% freedom from MACE. NYHA-association class and Minnesota Heart Failure Score improved in treatment and placebo arms to a similar extend. Ejection fraction by echo and radioventriculography improved in both arms with a trend for immunosuppression(IS). Independent from IS pts with no inflammation in the follow-up biopsy (n=45) showed a better NYHA-class (p<0,05), ejection fraction and superior long term freedom from MACE than those with persistent inflammation.. Conclusion: Immunosuppression is superior to conventional heart failure treatment in the acute eradication of the inflammatory infiltrate iDCM patients and bears better long-term prognosis. Results

scholarly journals Adherence to the ESC Heart Failure Treatment Guidelines in Spain: ESC Heart Failure Long-term Registry

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 785-793
Author(s):  
María G. Crespo-Leiro ◽  
Javier Segovia-Cubero ◽  
José González-Costello ◽  
Antoni Bayes-Genis ◽  
Silvia López-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Heart Failure Treatment ◽  
Failure Treatment

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of long-term tolvaptan administration for chronic heart failure treatment in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhisa Nakao ◽  
Hiroshi Kawakami ◽  
Makoto Saito ◽  
Katsuji Inoue ◽  
Shuntaro Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Failure Treatment ◽  
Failure Treatment
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