Decode-and-Forward vs. Amplify-and-Forward Scheme in Physical Layer Security for Wireless Relay Beamforming Networks

Abstract— To secure communication from the sender to the receiver in wireless networks, cryptographic algorithms are usually used to encrypt data at the upper layers of a multi-tiered transmission model. Another emerging trend in the security of data transmitted over wireless networks is the physical layer security based on beamforming and interference fading communication technology and not using cryptographic algorithms. This trend has attracted increasing concerns from both academia and industry. This paper addresses how physical layer security can protect secret data compare with the traditional cryptographic encryption and which is the better cooperative relaying scheme with the state of the art approached methods in wireless relaying beamforming network.Tóm tắt— Việc bảo mật truyền thông vô tuyến từ nơi gửi đến nơi nhận thường sử dụng các thuật toán mật mã để mã hoá dữ liệu tại các tầng phía trên trong mô hình phân lớp. Một xu hướng khác đang được quan tâm rộng rãi là bảo mật tầng vật lý dựa trên kỹ thuật truyền tin beamforming và kỹ thuật tương tác fading kênh chủ động. Xu hướng này hiện đang được thu hút cả trong giới công nghiệp và nghiên cứu. Đóng góp của bài báo này là làm rõ khả năng bảo mật tầng vật lý và so sách chúng với phương pháp bảo mật dùng kỹ thuật mật mã truyền thống. Bài báo cũng so sánh hai kỹ thuật chuyển tiếp được sử dụng chính trong bảo mật tầng vật lý cho mạng vô tuyến chuyển tiếp là Amplify-and-Forward và Decode-and-Forward.

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Wireless physical layer security

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1618130114 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 114 (1) ◽

pp. 19-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

H. Vincent Poor ◽

Rafael F. Schaefer

Keyword(s):

Wireless Networks ◽

Physical Layer Security ◽

Secure Communication ◽

Radio Channel ◽

Wireless Systems ◽

Data Encryption ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Fundamental Limits ◽

Security Information ◽

Networking Architectures

Security in wireless networks has traditionally been considered to be an issue to be addressed separately from the physical radio transmission aspects of wireless systems. However, with the emergence of new networking architectures that are not amenable to traditional methods of secure communication such as data encryption, there has been an increase in interest in the potential of the physical properties of the radio channel itself to provide communications security. Information theory provides a natural framework for the study of this issue, and there has been considerable recent research devoted to using this framework to develop a greater understanding of the fundamental ability of the so-called physical layer to provide security in wireless networks. Moreover, this approach is also suggestive in many cases of coding techniques that can approach fundamental limits in practice and of techniques for other security tasks such as authentication. This paper provides an overview of these developments.

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Cooperative Relaying Protocol for Improving Physical Layer Security in Wireless Decode-and-Forward Relaying Networks

Wireless Personal Communications ◽

10.1007/s11277-015-2580-2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 3033-3044 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jong-Ho Lee

Keyword(s):

Physical Layer Security ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Cooperative Relaying ◽

Decode And Forward ◽

Relaying Networks

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A Coalitional Formation Game for Physical Layer Security of Cooperative Compressive Sensing Multi-Relay Networks

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18092942 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 2942

Author(s):

Jialun Li ◽

Shuai Chang ◽

Xiaomei Fu ◽

Liang Zhang ◽

Yishan Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Sensing ◽

Physical Layer Security ◽

Relay Networks ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Cooperative Relaying ◽

Secrecy Capacity ◽

Amplify And Forward ◽

Effective Technology ◽

The Individual ◽

Formation Game

Cooperative relaying is an effective technology to improve the capacity of physical-layer security, in which the relay helps forward the received signal to the destination. In this paper, a cooperative compressive sensing and amplify-and-forward (CCS-AF) scheme, which combines the compressive sensing theory and amplify-and-forward strategy, is proposed to increase the secrecy capacity. To optimize the secrecy performance, a coalition formation algorithm based on coalitional game theory of optimal relay selection is proposed to maximize the secrecy capacity. Different to maximizing the individual utility based on the traditional pareto order, the max-coalition order rule is newly defined to guide the coalitional formation. Simulation results indicate that with the proposed algorithm, part of the relays could form a coalition to forward the information and the proposed algorithm could significantly improve the secrecy capacity of cooperative multi-relay networks.

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Based on the Stackelberg game with decode and forward protocol for physical layer security in the heterogeneous wireless networks

EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking ◽

10.1186/s13638-018-1288-x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shuanglin Huang ◽

Qiongying Tan ◽

Aixia Jing ◽

Sanjun Liu

Keyword(s):

Wireless Networks ◽

Physical Layer Security ◽

Stackelberg Game ◽

Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Decode And Forward

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On the Performance of Physical Layer Security in Virtual Full Duplex Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System

10.21203/rs.3.rs-257146/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Weidong Guo ◽

Yuxi Liu

Keyword(s):

Physical Layer Security ◽

Multiple Access ◽

Security Analysis ◽

Approximate Expression ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Full Duplex ◽

Amplify And Forward ◽

Decode And Forward ◽

Cooperative Jamming ◽

Untrusted Relay

Abstract This paper investigates physical layer security analysis of cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication system. A virtual full-duplex (VFD) relaying scheme with an untrusted amplify-and-forward (AF) half-duplex (HD) relay and a trusted decode-and-forward (DF) HD relay is used in this system to improve the spectral efficiency. In order to prevent the untrusted relay from eavesdropping, a simple and practical cooperative jamming scheme is designed to confuse the untrusted relay. The exact expressions of effective secrecy throughput (EST) for NOMA users and approximate expression of EST for non-NOMA user are derived. All theoretical results are validated by numerical simulations which demonstrate that the proposed VFD-NOMA scheme is superior to existing HD-NOMA scheme in cooperative system and jamming plays an important role for obtaining acceptable EST. In addition, simulation results shows that the best secrecy performance highly depends on the system parameters such as transmit powers and jamming signal power.

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Joint Relay Selection and Power Allocation for the Physical Layer Security of Two-Way Cooperative Relaying Networks

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing ◽

10.1155/2019/1839256 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lei Pan ◽

Zan Li ◽

Zhengyuan Wang ◽

Fenggan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Power Allocation ◽

Physical Layer Security ◽

Relay Selection ◽

Optimal Solution ◽

Pso Algorithm ◽

Low Complexity ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Cooperative Relaying ◽

Amplify And Forward ◽

Secrecy Rate

In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security of cooperative two-way relay transmission systems using the amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol in the presence of an eavesdropper. A joint relay selection (RS) and power allocation (PA) scheme is proposed to protect the source-destination transmission against the eavesdropper. However, due to the high computational complexity, it is difficult to obtain the optimal solution for the system secrecy rate. Fortunately, an approximate optimal solution by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is derived. In the simulations, we use random relay selection with optimal power allocation (RRS-OPA) and equal power allocation with optimal relay selection (EPA-ORS) as benchmark schemes to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms both RRS-OPA and EPA-ORS and significantly improves the system performance with low complexity.

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Physical Layer Security for Cooperative NOMA Networks via Nakagami-m Fading Channels

10.21203/rs.3.rs-247227/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wided Hadj Alouane

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Analysis ◽

Fading Channels ◽

Physical Layer Security ◽

Multiple Access ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Secrecy Capacity ◽

Amplify And Forward ◽

Decode And Forward ◽

Asymptotic Expressions ◽

Relaying Systems

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security in cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks over Nakagamim fading channels. Both amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) protocols are studied. More particularly, closed-form exact and asymptotic expressions for strictly positive secrecy capacity are provided considering NOMA-AF and NOMA-DF relaying systems. Numerical results are presented to justify the accuracy of the obtained theoretical analysis. These results show that NOMA-AF and NOMA-DF relaying networks have a similar secrecy performance.

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On the performance of physical layer security in virtual full-duplex non-orthogonal multiple access system

EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking ◽

10.1186/s13638-021-02009-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Weidong Guo ◽

Yuxi Liu

Keyword(s):

Physical Layer Security ◽

Multiple Access ◽

Security Analysis ◽

Approximate Expression ◽

Physical Layer ◽

Full Duplex ◽

Amplify And Forward ◽

Decode And Forward ◽

Cooperative Jamming ◽

Untrusted Relay

AbstractThis paper investigates physical layer security analysis of cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication system. A virtual full-duplex (VFD) relaying scheme with an untrusted amplify-and-forward (AF) half-duplex (HD) relay and a trusted decode-and-forward (DF) HD relay is used in this system to improve the spectral efficiency. In order to prevent the untrusted relay from eavesdropping, a simple and practical cooperative jamming scheme is designed to confuse the untrusted relay. The exact expressions of effective secrecy throughput (EST) for NOMA users and approximate expression of EST for non-NOMA user are derived. All theoretical results are validated by numerical simulations which demonstrate that the proposed VFD-NOMA scheme is superior to existing HD-NOMA scheme in cooperative system and jamming plays an important role for obtaining acceptable EST. In addition, simulation results shows that the best secrecy performance highly depends on the system parameters such as transmit powers and jamming signal power.

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