scholarly journals Hospital Supervisory Staff’s Perceptions Regarding the Effectiveness of Financial Management in University Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ashraf A’aqoulah
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Managers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Supervisory Staff

Financial management helps hospital managers make rational financial and administrative decisions and choose effective methods for spending money. Therefore, this study aims to examine hospital supervisory staff’s perceptions regarding the effectiveness of financial management in hospitals, with a focus on university hospitals in Jordan. This study used a quantitative method and employed a cross-sectional design to achieve the study aims. The study was conducted in teaching hospitals located in different areas of Jordan, and the study participants consisted of staff members who have supervisory duties. A questionnaire was developed in order to examine the effectiveness of financial management in hospitals, as perceived by hospital managers. The sample size was 172 participants. The results showed that university hospitals in Jordan have effective financial management based on the supervisory staff's perceptions. Both budget allocation and human resources domains were effective. However, the results for the process and procedures domain were moderate. The results also showed that there was no significant difference in the mean scores according to gender (P-value= 0.66), age groups (P-value= 0.48), education level (P-value= 0.38), experience (P-value= 0.28), and position (P-value= 0.13). Hospital managers should be aware of issues related to processes and procedures and budget allocations that are likely to affect financial management. Hospital managers need to draw more attention to the importance of implementation of financial management in order to enable their hospitals to operate in a financially effective and efficient manner.

scholarly journals Population-based survey of HIV sero-status and vertical transmission among naive pregnant women in Sokoto, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiekumo Igbida Buseri ◽  
Charity Ngozi Okonkwo
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: This study aims at investigating the seroprevalence of HIV infection among status naive pregnant women and probable vertical transmission in Sokoto, Nigeria.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 13,026 apparently healthy pregnant women aged between 14 and 45 years and 312 mother-baby pairs in 4 different hospital settings in Sokoto State, North West, Nigeria between March, 2011 and February, 2013. The babies were aged between 8 and 16 months. HIV screening was performed using qualitative rapid tests and ELISA and HIV-DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Measurement of CD4+ T-lymphocytes was carried out by the BD FACScount System. All seropositive pregnant women were immediately placed on triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) throughout the duration of the pregnancy and beyond.Results: An overall 2.4% prevalence of HIV-1 infection among the pregnant women and 20.5% incident of mother-to-child transmission were found. Of the seropositive pregnant women, 75.0% were full-time house wives, 13.8% and 11.2% were traders and civil servants respectively; of which, 70.2% were within the ages of 14 and 27 years (youthful predominance). Pearson’s χ2analysis did not show any statistically significant difference in the Mean values in the 4 health facilities (χ2 =2.084, df=3, P-value=0.555). Similarly, no significant difference in HIV seropositivity in the demographic data of the pregnant women were observed (P>0.05). Infection was recorded in all age groups but there was no statistical significance between age groups and infection (P = 0.833). Of the 64 seropositive babies, 62 (92.5%) contracted HIV from antiretroviral therapy non-adherence mothers (χ2 =271.457, df=1, P<0.01), OR=1506.6 (95%CI=285.5-7950.4). Conclusion: This study found high prevalence of vertical transmission due to ART non-adherence. Intervention initiatives should, therefore, focus seriously on ART non-adherence. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i3.11530Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(3) 2015 49-57  

scholarly journals Evaluation of patient safety culture: comparative study in university hospitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Silva Fassarella ◽  
Flávia Giron Camerini ◽  
Danielle de Mendonça Henrique ◽  
Luana Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Maria do Céu Barbieri Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Management Support ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Survey

ABSTRACT Objective: To conduct a benchmarking comparison of the composites of patient safety culture based on the evaluation of Brazilian and Portuguese nurses working in university hospitals. Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional, comparative survey. Data collected between April and December 2014, in two teaching hospitals, applying the instrument Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, in the versions translated and adapted to the countries. Results: 762 nurses distributed in four services participated in the study, 195 Brazilians and 567 Portuguese. Seven of the 12 composites of safety culture showed significant differences between hospitals. The highlights were those related to: “management support for patient safety” (±17); “handoffs and transitions” (±15); “teamwork across units” (±14); and “overall perceptions of patient safety” (±10). Conclusion: The dimension that had the highest significant difference between the studied institutions was “management support for patient safety”. These data may support the managers of the study hospitals, enabling continuous improvements and advancements.

scholarly journals Comparison of managerial competence of Indonesian first-line nurse managers: a two-generational analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Joko Gunawan ◽  
Yupin Aungsuroch ◽  
Mary L Fisher ◽  
Anna M McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Managerial Competence

Background Much research provides evidence that four age groups or generations of nurse managers exist, and it is assumed that they work and act differently according to each generation’s characteristics and attitudes, which may influence their managerial competence. Aims To compare first-line nurse managers’ managerial competence according to generational analysis across public hospitals in Indonesia. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional survey in 18 public hospitals in Indonesia with 254 first-line nurse managers selected using simple random sampling. The Indonesian First-Line Nurse Managers Managerial Competence Scale (IFLNMMCS) was used to measure managerial competence. Data were analysed using descriptive analyses using means, standard deviations and independent t-test. Results There was no significant difference in the total score of managerial competence of Generation X and Millennial first-line nurse managers ( p = 0.077). Of five dimensions of managerial competence, only applying quality care improvement ( p = 0.028) and financial management ( p = 0.013) were significantly different, while leadership ( p = 0.142), facilitating spiritual nursing care ( p = 0.353), self-management ( p = 0.130), staffing and professional development ( p = 0.068) and utilizing informatics ( p = 0.304) were not significantly different. Conclusion This study serves as a foundation for better human resource management, education and professional development for first-line nurse managers among public hospitals in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of the Sudanese people towards COVID-19: an online survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Abdelrahim Osman Mohamed ◽  
Eilaf Ali Mohamed Elhassan ◽  
Abdelrahim Osman Mohamed ◽  
Awab Aldow Mohammed ◽  
Hassan Alshaikh edris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Background The Novel Corona virus SARS-CoV-2 emerged to affect the human population in 2019 causing COVID-19 pandemic. The only preventive measures available are social distancing, hand washing and face masks. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of the Sudanese people towards COVID-19. Methods An online cross-sectional study targeting adult Sudanese people was conducted in April 2020. The study used a self-administered questionnaire containing 18 knowledge questions, 5 questions for attitude and six questions for practices. Social media such as Facebook and WhatsApp were utilized to disseminate the questionnaire. The total number of eligible questionnaires available for analysis by the end of the period was 987. Results The mean (±SD) age of respondents was 30.13 (±9.84) years with males representing 55.4%. The majority were university and higher education levels (95.2%), residing in Khartoum (71.7%). The mean (±SD) knowledge score of the participants was 15.33 (± 2.24) and was found to be associated with education level and age groups (p-value = 0.022, P value =0.010) respectively. The mean (±SD) attitude score was 04.15 (± 0.97) and was significantly associated with older groups and better-educated participants (p-value =0.001, p-value = 0.048) respectively. The practices related to COVID-19 preventive measures mean (±SD) was 02.58 (± 1.73) with a significant difference between age groups and area of residence. Conclusions This study showed that the participants had good knowledge and satisfactory attitude that was not similarly expressed into practice. Efforts are needed in health education and law enforcement to improve the practices among all groups with special emphasis on younger and less educated males.

scholarly journals PRETERM LABOUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
Sunela Ropeta ◽  
Habiba Sharaf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Spontaneous preterm labor that is labor before 37 weeks ofgestation is the main cause of preterm delivery. With increasing gestation the level of Serummagnesium levels decreases. Magnesium inhibits uterine contractions by antagonizing calcium.Hypomagnesaemia also causes hyper excitability of neuromuscular junction bringing in musclecramps and uterine hyperactivity. Objectives: To determine the mean serum magnesium levelsin women presenting with preterm labor. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Location andduration of study: Ziauddin University Hospitals, Karachi from 8th December 2015 to 7th June2016. Methodology: Total 40 women of age 18-40 years having singleton pregnancy between28-36 weeks gestation with established preterm labor having cervical dilatation less than 3cm.were included. 5ml blood was collected and analyzed. Outcome in terms of Mean StandardDeviation were noted. Descriptive statistics were applied. Stratification was done using studentt-test and ANOVA where appropriate. The p-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results:The mean age was 26.25±2.38 years. Mean gestational age was 32.77±2.11 weeks. Meancervical dilatation was 1.85±0.39 cm. Mean serum magnesium level was found 1.43±0.25 mg/dl. The results showed that there was significant difference in mean serum magnesium level forgestational age but not significant for age, cervical dilatation, parity and gravida. Conclusion:The results showed that serum magnesium level reduced with increased gestational age.Preterm labor can be predicted by serum magnesium levels. 

scholarly journals Ultrasound Elastography and TI- Rads (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System) in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Ali ◽  
A S Abdelrahman ◽  
A M Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
P Value ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Thyroid nodules refers to an abnormal growth of thyroid cells that forms a lump within the thyroid gland. Although the vast majority of thyroid nodules are benign , a small percent is presenting as a thyroid cancer. Objective To quantify the sensitivity & the specifity of ultrasound elastography and TI-RAADS in evaluation of thyroid nodules among study population in Ain Shams university hospitals. Patients and Methods Type of study: cross sectional study. Study setting: it was conducted at Ain Shams University hospitals. Study period: March2018 to September 2018. Sample size: 41 patients were included in this study. Results There is a significant increase in the hyperechoic and isoechoic echogenicity in benign groups while no significant difference in hypoechogenicity and a significant difference in very hypoechogenicity in malignant group P- value=0.002. Conclusion Finally both the use of TI- RADS and elastography are methods to evaluate thyroids nodules according to US features and scoring systems that they are easy to perform, not invasive, informative, not costy and can be combined together to increase the accuracy of evaluation.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of the Sudanese people towards COVID-19: An online survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Mohamed ◽  
Eilaf Elhassan ◽  
Abdelrahim O. Mohamed ◽  
Awab Aldow Mohammed ◽  
Hassan Alshaikh edris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Background: The Novel Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2) had emerged to affect the human population in 2019 causing COVID-19 pandemic. The only preventive measures available are social distancing, hand washing and face masks. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of the Sudanese people towards COVID-19.Methods: An online cross-sectional study targeting adult Sudanese people was conducted in April 2020. The study used a self-administered questionnaire containing 18 knowledge questions, 5 questions for attitude and six questions for practices. Social media such as Facebook and WhatsApp were utilized to disseminate the questionnaire. The total number of eligible questionnaires available for analysis by the end of the period was 987.Results: The mean (±SD) age of respondents was 30.13 (±9.84) years with males representing 55.4%. The majority were university and higher education levels (95.2%), residing in Khartoum (71.7%). The mean (±SD) knowledge score of the participants was 15.33 (± 2.24) and was found to be associated with education level and age groups (p-value = 0.022, P value =0.010) respectively. The mean (±SD) attitude score was 04.15 (± 0.97) and was significantly associated with older groups and better-educated participants (p-value =0.001, p-value= 0.048) respectively. The practices related to COVID-19 preventive measures mean (±SD) was 02.58 (± 1.73) with a significant difference between age groups and area of residence. Conclusions: This study showed that the participants had good knowledge and satisfactory attitude that was not similarly expressed into practice. Efforts are needed in health education and law enforcement to improve the practices among all groups with special emphasis on younger and less educated males.

scholarly journals Assessment of obesity and central obesity among patients with knee osteoarthritis in Al-Sadder Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Berq J. Hadi Al-Yasseri ◽  
Ayad Ali Radi ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Ridha Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Obese individuals are at increased risk for many chronic and life-threating conditions. The most significant burden on the musculoskeletal system resulted from osteoarthritis, mainly knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and central obesity among a group of patients with knee osteoarthritis, analyze the effect of demographic variables, and examine the relationship between these two types of obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Sadder hospital in Baghdad from June through September 2017. A convenience sample of 200 patients with knee osteoarthritis was collected. Those with body mass index (BMI) equal to or more than (30 kg/m2) considered obese. The cutoff point for central obesity was the waist-hip ratio (WHR) above (0.9) for men and above (0.85) for women. The risk ratio and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) calculated to determine the strength of the relationship. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  Results: The number of obese patients, according to BMI, was 163 (81.5%). For central obesity, the men and women with unhealthy WHR were 53 (96.4%) and 131 (10.3%), respectively. No significant difference in the rate of obesity among age groups (p= 0.986). Central obesity is significantly lower in those less than 45 years (p=0.023). In men, the risk of obese to have central obesity is (1.06) with no significant association (95% CI = 0.89 - 1.27, P = 0.481). In women, risk ratio = 1.56 and association is significant (95% CI = 1.03 - 1.36, P = 0.037). Conclusion: The increasing age was associated with a rise in the rate of central obesity, but not with obesity. The overlap between the two types of obesity was evident and significant only in women.

Operating room nurses’ perception of professional values

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1765-1776
Author(s):  
Camellia Torabizadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Darari ◽  
Shahrzad Yektatalab
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Nurse Anesthetists ◽  
Professional Values ◽  
P Value ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operating Room Nurses ◽  
Nursing Professional

Background and significance of research: Nurses’ awareness of professional values and how those values affect their behaviors is an integral part of nursing care. There is a large body of research on nursing professional values, however, a careful survey of the available literature did not yield any studies investigating the status of professional values in operating rooms. Objective: This study aims to investigate the perception of operating room nurses of university hospitals toward professional values. Research plan: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected using Schank and Weis’s Nurses Professional Values Scale–Revised. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS version 16. Participants and settings: The 513 participants of the study consisted of operating room nurses and nurse anesthetists from six university hospitals. Ethical considerations: This study has been approved by the ethics committee of the university. Findings: The mean total professional values score of the operating room staff was found to be 100.84 ± 15.685, which indicates that the participants had a positive perception toward observance of nursing professional values in practice. The results showed that the participants considered the domains of justice and activism as, respectively, the most and the least important. The operating room staff’s overall professional values scores were not found to correlate significantly with their ages, professional experience, university majors, or attendance at ethics workshops. However, a significant difference was found between the professional values scores of the female and male staff. The professional values scores of the operating room nurses and the nurse anesthetists were not significantly different (p value = 0.494). Conclusion: Operating room staff’s awareness of professional values is essential to providing care to patients based on professional principles. Accordingly, there is need for programs to raise operating room nurses’ awareness of their professional duties and improve their professional performance.

scholarly journals DERMAL PAPILLAE;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Baqar
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dermal Papillae

Introduction: To study and compare the changes in the height of dermal papillae in the skin of different age groups in a segment of Pakistani population. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: Five months, from July 2010 to November 2010. Setting: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. Materials & Method: Sixty volunteers of both sexes, after fulfilling the inclusion criteria, participated in this cross sectional study. They all gave written informed consent. They were divided into three equal groups according to their ages, Group A ranged in age from 18 – 29 years, Group B from 30 – 49 years, and Group C > 50 years. Punch biopsies were taken from the sun protected upper arm skin, from all volunteers, after giving local anaesthesia. Samples were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. They were observed under light microscope. Height of dermal papillae was measured at three random sites in each sample and mean was taken.The mean of all three groups was compared with each other and data was analyzed. Results: The mean of each sample was taken and then final mean of each group was calculated. They were then compared with each other. The mean height of dermal papillae of group A was 98.667µm, that of group B was 83.333µm and the mean height of dermal papillae in group C was 47.33µm. There was significant difference between the three groups and ‘p’-value was less than 0.5. Conclusion: At the end of this study, it was concluded that, the height of dermal papillae reduces significantly with age.

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