scholarly journals Lived Experiences of Iranian Nurses Caring for Brain Death Organ Donor Patients: Caring as “Halo of Ambiguity and Doubt”

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Keshtkaran ◽  
Farkhondeh Sharif ◽  
Elham Navab ◽  
Sakineh Gholamzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Brain

<p><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>Brain death is a concept in which its criteria have been expressed as documentations in Harvard Committee of Brain Death. The various perceptions of caregiver nurses for brain death patients may have effect on the chance of converting potential donors into actual organ donors.</p><p>Objective: The present study has been conducted in order to perceive the experiences of nurses in care-giving to the brain death of organ donor patients.</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> This qualitative study was carried out by means of Heidegger’s hermeneutic phenomenology. Eight nurses who have been working in ICU were interviewed. The semi-structured interviews were recorded bya tape-recorder and the given texts were transcribed and the analyses were done by Van-Mannen methodology and (thematic) analysis.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>One of the foremost themes extracted from this study included ‘Halo of ambiguity and doubt’ that comprised of two sub-themes of ‘having unreasonable hope’ and ‘Conservative acceptance of brain death’. The unreasonable hope included lack of trust (uncertainty) in diagnosis and verification of brain death, passing through denial wall, and avoidance from explicit and direct disclosure of brain death in patients’ family. In this investigation, the nurses were involved in a type of ambiguity and doubt in care-giving to the potentially brain death of organ donor patients, which were also evident in their interaction with patients’ family and for this reason, they did not definitely announce the brain death and so far they hoped for treatment of the given patient. Such confusion and hesitance both caused annoyance of nurses and strengthening the denial of patients’ family to be exposed to death.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> The results of this study reveal the fundamental perceived care-giving of brain death in organ donor patients and led to developing some strategies to improve care-giving and achievement in donation of the given organ and necessity for presentation of educational and supportive services for nurses might become more evident than ever.</p>

A post-intentional phenomenological investigation of inclusivity in a therapeutic theatre production

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-191
Author(s):  
Angelle Cook
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Inclusive Production ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Theatre Production ◽  
Therapeutic Theatre

This article presents a dissertation study that investigated the lived experiences of participants engaged in an inclusive therapeutic theatre production through a post-intentional phenomenological lens, informed by critical dis/ability theory. The study included ten participants aged 14–26 with a variety of dis/abilities. The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and a focus group and analysed using thematic analysis. The qualitative findings included six themes and fifteen subthemes. These findings suggested that the participants experienced belonging and community, personal growth and insight, feelings of empowerment and the desire to make societal change by being a part of the inclusive production.

Explaining Brain Death: A Critical Feature of the Donation Process

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly G Franz ◽  
William DeJong ◽  
Susan M Wolfe ◽  
Howard Nathan ◽  
Denise Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Donation Process

To examine how a family's understanding of brain death may affect the decision to donate, an interview study was conducted with the immediate next of kin of 164 medically suitable organ donor candidates. Telephone interviews were conducted with members of both donor and nondonor families 4 to 6 months after the relative's death. Only 61% of the donor and 53% of the nondonor respondents said they had received an explanation of brain death. Few respondents reported that the hospital or organ procurement organization staff used visual aids to clarify or reinforce the information they were given. Next of kin who decided against donation had far less understanding of brain death than did those who decided in favor of it. Before making an organ donation request, healthcare providers must inquire about and address common misunderstandings people have about brain death. Healthcare teams should develop and be trained on a clear protocol for communicating with the families of patients who may be potential organ donors.

scholarly journals The Perceived Effectiveness of Full-Day Kindergarten for Children with ADHD

2021 ◽  
pp. 082957352110314
Author(s):  
Erica P. Miklas ◽  
Lindsey S. Jaber ◽  
Elizabeth Starr
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Full Day Kindergarten ◽  
Full Day

ADHD is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders, and the numbers only continue to rise. Ontario has implemented play-based FDK in the last decade, thus it is imperative that the perceived effectiveness of the program for children with ADHD is studied. In conducting this study, the researchers present and interprets educators’ perceptions of the FDK program and the perceived effectiveness of FDK for children with ADHD. Using an Ecological Systems Theory lens, semi-structured interviews were conducted with kindergarten teachers and early childhood educators from multiple cities throughout Southwestern Ontario to obtain their perceptions of Play-Based FDK and ADHD. The data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis (TA) and three themes emerged: (1) Knowledge and Understanding, (2) Benefits and Challenges of Play-Based FDK for Children with ADHD, and (3) Strategies Used to Promote Success. These themes encompassed the general lived experiences and knowledge that educators have on the effectiveness of the FDK program for children with ADHD. Limitations of the study and future areas of research are discussed.

scholarly journals Gerência do cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente em morte encefálica

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1124
Author(s):  
Aline Lima Pestana Magalhães ◽  
Roberta Juliane Tono de Oliveira ◽  
Saulo Fabio Ramos ◽  
Milene Mendes Lobato ◽  
Neide Da Silva Knihs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Recursos Humanos ◽  
Brain Dead ◽  
The Brain

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender a gerência do cuidado de enfermagem aos pacientes em morte encefálica na perspectiva de enfermeiros atuantes no processo de doação e transplantes de órgãos. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, com 25 enfermeiras. Obtiveram-se os dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais e se empregou a codificação aberta, axial e seletiva para análise dos dados. Resultados: emergiram-se duas categorias a partir da análise dos dados: << Observando as dificuldades relacionadas a gerência do cuidado de enfermagem ao paciente em morte encefálica >> e << Compreendendo as ações realizadas pela equipe de enfermagem na gerência do cuidado ao paciente em morte encefálica >>. Destacaram-se como dificuldades a limitação da estrutura física, recursos humanos e materiais. Enfatizaram-se pelos enfermeiros a monitorização e o suporte hemodinâmico, controle glicêmico e de diurese como ações necessárias para a gerência do cuidado ao paciente em morte encefálica. Conclusão: compreende-se que a gerência do cuidado ao paciente em morte encefálica requer entendimento para além das esferas técnicas sendo necessária a desmistificação do significado da doação de órgãos para manutenção de uma nova vida em outro alguém. Descritores: Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos; Transplante de Órgãos; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Cuidados Críticos; Morte Encefálica; Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the management of Nursing care to patients in brain death from the perspective of nurses working in the process of organ donation and transplants. Method: this is a qualitative study, based on the Data Based Theory, with 25 nurses. The data were obtained through individual semi-structured interviews and the open, axial and selective coding was used for data analysis. Results: two categories emerged from the analysis of the data: "Observing the difficulties related to the management of nursing care to the brain dead patient" and "Understanding the actions performed by the nursing team in the management of the brain dead patient's care. The limitations of physical structure and human and material resources were highlighted as difficulties. Monitoring and hemodynamic support, glycemic control and diuresis as necessary actions for the management of patient care in brain death were emphasized by the nurses. Conclusion: it is understood that the management of patient care in brain death requires understanding beyond the technical spheres, and it is necessary to demystify the meaning of organ donation for the maintenance of a new life in another person. Descriptors: Tissue and Organ Procurement; Organ Transplantation; Nursing Care; Critical Care; Brain Death; Nurse’s Role.RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender la gestión del cuidado de enfermería a los pacientes en muerte encefálica en la perspectiva de enfermeros actuantes en el proceso de donación y trasplantes de órganos. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, fundamentado en la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos, con 25 enfermeras. Se obtuvieron los datos por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas individuales y se empleó la codificación abierta, axial y selectiva para análisis de los datos. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías a partir del análisis de los datos: << Observando las dificultades relacionadas a la gestión del cuidado de enfermería al paciente en muerte encefálica >> y << Comprendiendo las acciones realizadas por el equipo de enfermería en la gestión del cuidado al paciente en muerte encefálica >>. Se destacaron como dificultades la limitación de la estructura física, recursos humanos y materiales. Se enfatizaron por los enfermeros el monitoreo y el soporte hemodinámico, control glucémico y de diuresis como acciones necesarias para la gestión del cuidado al paciente en muerte encefálica. Conclusión: se comprende que la gestión del cuidado al paciente en muerte encefálica requiere entendimiento más allá de las esferas técnicas siendo necesaria la desmitificación del significado de la donación de órganos para el mantenimiento de una nueva vida en otro. Descriptores: Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos; Trasplante de Órganos; Atención de Enfermería; Cuidados Críticos; Muerte Encefálica; Rol de la Enfermera.

scholarly journals Organų donoro priežiūra intensyviosios terapijos skyriuje

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Viktorija Černiauskienė ◽  
Monika Čiplytė ◽  
Saulius Vosylius
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Organ Donations ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Organ Donor Management

Viktorija Černiauskienė, Monika Čiplytė, Saulius VosyliusVilniaus universiteto Anesteziologijos ir reanimatologijos klinika, Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslasDonorinių organų poreikis gerokai viršija atliktų organų transplantacijų skaičių. Dažniausios priežastys, dėl kurių potencialūs donorai netampa efektyviais donorais, yra donoro artimųjų prieštaravimas donorystei, medicininės kontraindikacijos, logistikos problemos, neadekvatus potencialių donorų gydymas iki eksplantacijos operacijos. Šio straipsnio tikslas yra apžvelgti naujausius medicinos mokslo laimėjimus atliekant potencialių organų donorų priežiūrą reanimacijos ir intensyviosios terapijos skyriuose. Metodai ir rezultataiIšliekant žymiam atotrūkiui tarp organų pasiūlos ir poreikio, būtina kuo efektyviau panaudoti esamus resursus, daugiau dėmesio skiriant tinkamai potencialaus organų donoro intensyviajai terapijai. Dėl smegenų mirties įvyksta sunkūs daugelio organizmui svarbių funkcijų sutrikimai: kraujotakos ir kvėpavimo sistemų, endokrininiai, elektrolitų balanso sutrikimai, hipotermija, koagulopatija ir intensyvus sisteminis uždegimo atsakas. IšvadosPasirinkta tinkama intensyviosios terapijos taktika galėtų padidinti transplantacijai tinkamų organų skaičių, išlaikyti geresnę jų funkciją po transplantacijos. Reikšminiai žodžiai: smegenų mirtis, intensyviosios terapijos skyriai, audinių ir organų donorystė, gairės Organ donor management in the intensive care unit Viktorija Černiauskienė, Monika Čiplytė, Saulius VosyliusClinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Vilnius University,Šiltnamių Str. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objectiveThe demand for donor organs greatly exceeds the number of transplantations. Many reasons may determine this inadequacy, such as family refusal, medical contraindications, logistics problems and inadequate management of the organ donor. The aim of the study was to present the recent achievements of medical practice in the management of organ donors in intensive care units. Methods and resultsWhile the discrepancy between the number of organ donations and transplantations persists, it is essential to use available resources more effectively, paying more attention to the intensive care management of the organ donor. Many physiological changes follow after brain death, such as cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction, endocrine and homeostasis disturbances, hypothermia, coagulopathy and an enhanced inflammatory response. ConclusionsOptimal intensive care could increase the number of organs available for transplantation and improve their function after it. Keywords: brain death, intensive care units, tissue and organ procurement, guidelines as topic

scholarly journals Drugs on the internet: Mapping the terrain of engagement with darknet drug cryptomarkets in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lucy Moss-Mason
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
New Zealanders

<p>This thesis explores the experiences of New Zealanders who order illicit drugs from cryptomarkets, with particular attention to their perspectives on New Zealand’s conventional illicit drug market, the negatives and positives of drug cryptomarkets, and their notable insights and features. Internationally, research on engagement with drug cryptomarkets is emergent. However, peer-reviewed research on New Zealand drug cryptomarket users remains absent. This thesis attempts to begin to fill this gap, exploring the experiences and viewpoints of New Zealand drug cryptomarket users within the context of existing international literature. The study utilised qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 12 New Zealanders who have accessed drug cryptomarkets. The data from the interviews were interpreted through thematic analysis using constructivist grounded theory.  The research found that the constraints of New Zealand’s conventional drug market push some drug consumers to use cryptomarkets to access illicit drugs. Although drug cryptomarkets have various pull factors that attract participants to them, they also have negative aspects which influence participants’ choices and behaviours when accessing cryptomarkets. The findings that are presented give voice to the lived experiences of New Zealanders who access drug cryptomarkets, extend scholarly knowledge of cryptomarket users, and highlight further avenues for research.</p>

scholarly journals A Phenomenological Exploration of School Leadership Development Programme: Improved Practices of School Leaders a Breakthrough Triumph in the Province of Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (IV) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Samia Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Prior Consent ◽  
School Leadership Development ◽  
School Heads

The major driver of the phenomenology research was to explore the lived experiences of school heads about the School Leadership Development Programme (SLDP) in improved practices of leadership in terms of knowledge, skills, and attitudes in public sector schools of Punjab. The sample of the study was based on the geographical distribution of the province of Punjab i.e., central, southern and northern. The seven districts were taken, and 14 SHs were selected through purposive sampling. The in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted after the prior consent of the participants. The instruments were self-developed and validated from five experts along with Mock interview practice. The researcher collected the data personally, and thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that SLDP is inseparable in the development of improved practices of SHs. It was strongly recommended to continue the SLDP encased with certain paraphernalia to get better results in the future.

scholarly journals Confirming the Brain Death and the Nurse’s Tasks in the Care of Potential Organ Donors and Their Families

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Beata Haor ◽  
◽  
Sylwia Wróblewska ◽  
Klaudia Daszuta ◽  
Dominik Daszuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Brain Contusion ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Key Words Transplantation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Living Person

Introduction. Transplantology is the youngest area of medicine dealing with organ transplantation that is considered to be the most difficult. Aim. The aim of the work is to analyse the nurse’s tasks in the care of the organ donor after confirming brain death and propagate the idea of transplantology. Case Report. A 52-year-old patient admitted to the hospital at the neurological department after a craniocerebral trauma. Computed tomography of the head showed brain contusion, fractures of the bones of the skull cover, the presence of a small amount of air in the cranial cavity. Immediately after admission, the patient was tangled, conscious, reluctant to answer questions, without paresis and a short-term seizure. Anti-oedema and anti-epileptic treatment was implemented in the neurosurgery department. After starting treatment, there was a temporary improvement, followed by a secondary worsening of brain and brain stem failure with deep cerebral coma. The patient was referred for further treatment in the Intensive Care Unit. Discussion. Organ transplantation involves collecting them from the donor and implanting them into the recipient. The donor can be either a living person (when it comes to paired organs or fragment of the liver as well as the tissues and cells) or the deceased person, who during their life did not express objection to organ donation after their death. The major principle in this case is the pronouncement of brain death, i.e. confirmation of patient’s death resulting in changing the therapeutic goals. Conclusions. Transplantology is an interdisciplinary field of medicine, the success of which relies on the cooperation of many professionals. The nurse takes an active part in the team’s work starting from the donor’s organs eligibility, through transplantation, to the care of the patient after the transplantation. The nurse also participates in building up an atmosphere favourable for good relations with the potential donor’s family. (JNNN 2019;8(3):124–132) Key Words: transplantation, brain death, nursing care

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