scholarly journals Attitudes toward Mental Illness among Minority Freshmen in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Wei-yu Zeng ◽  
Xiao-xue Xie ◽  
Xiang-rong Tang ◽  
Meng-long Wang ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Social Distance Scale ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group Contact ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness

To explore the status and influencing factors of attitudes toward mental illness among minority freshmen and provide references for mental health education and service assistance in ethnic colleges, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 581 minority freshmen by using Mental Illness Emotional Scale, Stereotype Scale and Social Distance Scale from autumn of 2018 to next spring. The scores of minority freshmen on these scales were significantly higher than the theoretical median, which demonstrated that they did have negative attitudes. There were the significant main effect of nation on the anger and sympathy dimensions of Mental Illness Emotional Scale while the same results were found in the main effect of gender on the danger and suicidal behavior dimensions of Mental Illness Stereotype Scale and the main effect of nation on the dimension of dependence consciousness. Whether relatives or friends are mental illness patients had significant effect on the suicidal behavior dimension of Mental Illness Stereotypes Scale. Overall, attitudes toward mental illness were negative and some mental illness stigma phenomenon were found among minority freshmen; ethnic was an important factor affecting the attitudes of minority freshmen toward mental illness, and the inter-group contact with patients who suffer mental illness in life had a slight impact on the attitudes toward mental illness.

Effect of direct and indirect contact with mental illness on dangerousness and social distance

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minhwa Lee ◽  
Mikyung Seo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Two Independent Variables

Background: This study is based on the contact hypothesis that contact with mental illness is the most effective anti-stigma strategy. Aims: This study aims to analyze which form of contact can most effectively decrease the dangerousness and social distance associated with schizophrenia, depression and alcoholism. Method: In total, 573 Korean adults ( Mage = 43.71 years, standard deviation ( SD) = 13.41; 54.1% male, 45.9% female) were surveyed about randomly assigned vignettes of schizophrenia, depression and alcoholism. The participants were questioned on the dangerousness and social distance associated with the assigned vignette, as well as direct and indirect contact experience with the mental illness. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the main effect and interaction effect that the type of mental illness and contact experience have on the two dependent variables (dangerousness and social distance). Results: The findings show that the type of mental illness has a significant main effect on dangerousness and social distance, but contact type only has a significant main effect on social distance. Moreover, the two independent variables (mental illness subtype and contact experience) have an interaction effect on two dependent variables (dangerousness and social distance). Therefore, the anti-stigma effect of contact varies according to the type of mental illness. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that appropriate anti-stigma strategies are required for each type of mental illness. Considering that opportunities for direct contact with persons with mental illness are highly limited, it is necessary to actively utilize indirect contact.

scholarly journals Dehumanization Effects on Agency Attributions, Retributive Justice judgments, and Resocialization Attitudes towards Former Perpetrators in Post-conflict

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristhian A. Martínez ◽  
Juan David Leongómez
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Retributive Justice ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Social Distance Scale ◽  
Post War ◽  
Justice Judgments ◽  
Web News

Previous research has evidenced the effects of dehumanization on observers’ attributions, social categorizations, and retributive judgments, towards different kinds of perpetrators. Colombia is currently facing a peace process with the FARC, the largest guerrilla force in the country, and this post-war context becomes ideal for studying these effects. The current study evaluated the effects of a media dehumanizing discourse towards former perpetrators on observers’ agency attributions, retributive judgments, and resocialization attitudes towards them. Each participant read two different web news articles about the capture of a FARC member which were manipulated to be framed in humanizing and dehumanizing speech respectively. Then, they answered an agency attribution scale, retributive justice and resocialization attitudes measures, and a social distance scale about the news’ main character. Results show that when FARC members were framed in a dehumanizing context, observers significantly attributed them less agency, endorsed more severe retributive judgments, showed more negative attitudes towards their resocialization, and showed greater social distance. The implications of these findings for a Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reincorporation (DDR) process in a post-conflict scenario are discussed.

scholarly journals Characteristics associated with negative attitudes toward mental illness among US veterinarians

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 (8) ◽  
pp. 979-985
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Kassem ◽  
Tracy K. Witte ◽  
Randall J. Nett ◽  
Kris K. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness

scholarly journals Health Professionals’ Stigma towards the Psychiatric Ill in Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuemeka Michael Ubaka ◽  
Chioma Mirrian Chikezie ◽  
Kosisochi Chinwendu Amorha ◽  
Chinwe Victoria Ukwe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Stigmatizing Attitudes ◽  
Comparative Survey

BACKGROUND: Stigma affects the quality of life of the mentallyill, and health professionals are considered to be involved in possessing negative attitudes towards them. We evaluated the  prevalence of stigmatization among different health professionals in Nigerian hospitals.METHODS: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative survey assessing attitudinal views of health professionals (doctors, pharmacists, and nurses) regarding mental illness in two hospitals in Eastern Nigeria. The survey utilized the 40-item Community Attitude to Mental Illness, CAMI-2 questionnaire. The prevalence and the factors that contribute to negative attitudes among this cohort were assessed. Statistical analysis using T-tests, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation were conducted.RESULTS: Attitudes to all the four constructs of the CAMI-2 werenon-stigmatizing. Stigmatizing attitudes were significantly higheramong pharmacists, doctors and then nurses (p<0.006). Health professionals who did not have contact with the mentally ill (p<0.0001), who were males (p=0.008) and had lower years of working experience (p=0.031) expressed significantly higher stigmatizing attitudes towards the mentally ill.Conclusions: Nigerian health professionals were largely non-stigmatizingtowards the mentally ill. However, being a pharmacist, of male gender, and working in a non-psychiatric hospital were associated with stigmatizing attitudes when they exist.KEYWORDS: Mental illness; Stigma; Health Professionals;Survey

scholarly journals A consumer-led intervention to improve pharmacists' attitudes toward mental illness

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel M. Rickles ◽  
Alison DaCosta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Persistent Mental Illness ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness

Abstract Introduction: Individuals with a severe and persistent mental illness often manage complex medication regimens and would benefit from support and education from their pharmacist. Past research has shown that community pharmacists have negative attitudes toward mental illnesses, and these attitudes affect willingness to provide services to patients with mental illnesses. Consumer-led interventions have shown benefit to improve student attitudes toward mental illness. However, there are no known studies showing the benefit of consumer-led educational programs to improve pharmacist attitudes toward mental illness and willingness to provide services to those with mental illnesses. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a consumer-led continuing education program on pharmacists' attitudes toward and willingness to provide services to consumers with mental illnesses. Methods: Fifty pharmacists participated in the program with 2 parts: discussion on the history of mental health care and consumers sharing their experiences. Pharmacists completed 1 survey before and after the program. Surveys asked about pharmacists' attitudes toward mental illness and willingness to provide services to individuals with schizophrenia compared to asthma. Data were analyzed using descriptive and paired t tests. Results: Paired t tests showed a significant decrease in social distance and increase in positive attitudes and willingness to provide services to patients with mental illnesses immediately after the program. Discussion: The immediate increase in positive attitudes and willingness to provide services to consumers with mental illnesses indicates that consumer-led interventions may be an effective way to improve the provision of pharmacy services to patients with mental illnesses.

scholarly journals The Effect of Treatability Information and Genetic Explanations on Schizophrenia Stigma

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-377
Author(s):  
Noah Hinkley ◽  
Jordan Sparks Waldron
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk

Attributing mental illness to genetic factors has been shown to reduce blame; however, doing so may create other negative attitudes. Genetic attributions can increase the desire to remain distant from someone with a mental illness (desire for social distance), reduce one’s beliefs that an ill person can get better (prognostic pessimism), and cause people living with mental illness to be perceived as more dangerous. Presenting information about how mental illnesses can be treated alongside a genetic causal attribution may combat these negative side effects. Participants (N = 268) were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to read vignettes about a man (“John”) with schizophrenia. Participants randomly received either a genetic or environmental attribution for John’s illness, and then received treatability information or no information. A genetic explanation of schizophrenia led people to believe that the symptoms of schizophrenia described in the vignette were more permanent, p < .01, ηp2 = .07; however, this finding was qualified by a significant interaction where the type of attribution had no impact on prognostic pessimism when presented with treatability information, p = .04, ηp2 = .01. The present findings suggest the potential importance of emphasizing treatability information for disorders that are perceived to be genetically influenced.

scholarly journals Mental illness stigma and suicidality: the role of public and individual stigma

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Oexle ◽  
T. Waldmann ◽  
T. Staiger ◽  
Z. Xu ◽  
N. Rüsch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
General Public ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Negative Attitudes

Aims.Suicide rates are increased among unemployed individuals and mental illness stigma can contribute to both unemployment and suicidality. Persons with mental illness perceive negative attitudes among the general public and experience discrimination in their everyday life (=public stigma components) potentially leading to self-stigma and anticipated discrimination (=individual stigma components). Previous research found evidence for an association between aspects of mental illness stigma and suicidality, but has not yet clarified the underlying pathways explaining how different stigma components interact and contribute to suicidal ideation.Method.Public and individual stigma components and their association with suicidal ideation were examined among 227 unemployed persons with mental illness. A path model linking public stigma components (experienced discrimination, perceived stigma) with suicidal ideation, mediated by individual stigma components (anticipated discrimination, self-stigma), was examined using structural equation modelling within Mplus.Results.Our sample was equally split in terms of gender, on average 43 years old and about half reported no suicidal ideation during the past 30 days. In bivariate analyses all stigma components were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. In the path model and controlling for symptoms, the association between experienced discrimination and suicidal ideation was fully mediated by anticipated discrimination and self-stigma. Perceived stigma's contribution to suicidal ideation was fully mediated by anticipated discrimination, but not by self-stigma.Conclusions.In general, programmes addressing multiple stigma components seem to be most effective in improving suicide prevention. Besides interventions targeting negative attitudes and discriminating behaviours of the general public, programmes to support persons with mental illness in coping with perceived and experienced stigma could improve suicide prevention. Future studies should test the short- and long-term effects of such interventions on suicidality and further investigate the role of stigma coping (e.g. secrecy) and emotional consequences (e.g. hopelessness and loneliness) for the association between stigma components and suicidality.

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