scholarly journals Estimating the Impact of School Education on Contraception Use among Adolescents Aged 15–19 in Burkina Faso and Nigeria: Evidence from a Heckman Two-Step Correction Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaba Louise Lompo ◽  
Jean-Louis Bago ◽  
Wamadini Souratie
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
West African ◽  
School Education ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
The Impact

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) still raise serious concerns for adolescents’ sexual health in west-African developing countries. To this extent, promoting contraception use among sexually active adolescents is a major key to addressing this problem. Yet, the rate of contraception use by adolescents remains surprisingly low in these countries. Using the Demographic Health Survey of Burkina Faso (2014) and Nigeria (2013), this paper examines the influence of school education on contraception use among sexually active male and female adolescents aged 15-19 in Burkina Faso and Nigeria. The standard estimates using Probit regressions suggest that achieving a primary school education increases the probability of a sexually active adolescent to use contraception by 8.26 percentage points (Burkina Faso) and 17.2 percentage points (Nigeria). This effect increases to 20.3 percentage points (Burkina Faso) and 34.7 percentage points (Nigeria) for adolescents with a secondary or higher school education. However, these baseline estimates are biased because adolescents’ decision to engage into sexual activity is not random. In light of this, a Heckman Correction Model (HCM) has been applied to account for this selection bias. The results show that the Probit regressions underestimate the effect of education on adolescents’ likelihood to use contraception in Burkina Faso and overestimate this effect in Nigeria. In fact, compared to adolescents with no school education, HCM estimates show that adolescents with primary and secondary (or higher) school education have respectively 10.2 and 24.4 percentage points more in the use of contraception in Burkina Faso and 15.1 and 34 percentage points in Nigeria. Together, these results suggest that the exposure to school education increases contraception use among the adolescents in both Burkina Faso and Nigeria.

scholarly journals Estimating the Impact of School Education on Contraception Use among Adolescents Aged 15–19 in Burkina Faso and Nigeria: Evidence from a Heckman Two-Step Correction Model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Bago ◽  
Miaba Louise Lompo ◽  
Wamadini dite Minata Souratié
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
School Education ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Demographic Health Survey ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
The Impact

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) still raise serious concerns for adolescents’ sexual health in west-Africandeveloping countries. To this extent, promoting contraception use among sexually active adolescents is a major key to addressing this problem. Yet, the rate of contraception use by adolescents remains surprisingly low in these countries. Using the Demographic Health Survey of Burkina Faso (2014) and Nigeria (2013), this paper examines the influence of school education on contraception use among sexually active male and femaleadolescents aged 15-19 in Burkina Faso and Nigeria. The standard estimates using Probit regressions suggestthat achieving a primary school education increases the probability of a sexually active adolescent to usecontraception by 8.26 percentage points (Burkina Faso) and 17.2 percentage points (Nigeria). This effectincreases to 20.3 percentage points (Burkina Faso) and 34.7 percentage points (Nigeria) for adolescents with asecondary or higher school education. However, these baseline estimates are biased because adolescents’decision to engage into sexual activity is not random. In light of this, a Heckman Correction Model (HCM) hasbeen applied to account for this selection bias. The results show that the Probit regressions underestimate theeffect of education on adolescents’ likelihood to use contraception in Burkina Faso and overestimate this effect in Nigeria. In fact, compared to adolescents with no school education, HCM estimates show that adolescentswith primary and secondary (or higher) school education have respectively 10.2 and 24.4 percentage points morein the use of contraception in Burkina Faso and 15.1 and 34 percentage points in Nigeria. Together, these resultssuggest that the exposure to school education increases contraception use among the adolescents in both BurkinaFaso and Nigeria.

scholarly journals Towards the promotion of reproductive health of the young

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-396
Author(s):  
Biljana Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Value System ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Childhood And Youth ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media

Premature sexual activity of the young, before reaching physical and psycho-social maturity, brings along the risk of jeopardizing their reproductive health, mostly because it can lead to sexually transmitted infections or pregnancy, which is mostly unwanted in adolescence. The starting assumption of the promotion of reproductive health of the young is understanding and acceptance of their sexuality and relevant needs in social environment in which they live. Primarily in the family, the media, healthcare institutions and school. During the period of childhood and youth, school possesses the unique possibility to enable a large number of young people to acquire knowledge and skills related to sexuality and reproductive health and shape their values, attitudes and beliefs. The complexity of the process of making the decision about becoming sexually active, as well as the space for action towards its postponement to older age, are also indicated by the results of the research conducted in Belgrade, on the sample of one hundred and eleven female adolescents aged fourteen to twenty, who became sexually active at the age sixteen and earlier. These are primarily those results which refer to the meaning of love and sex in their value system, motives, feelings and attitudes related to becoming sexually active.

scholarly journals Association of malaria and curable sexually transmitted infections with pregnancy outcomes in rural Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Henri Zango ◽  
Moussa Lingani ◽  
Innocent Valea ◽  
Ouindpanga Sekou Samadoulougou ◽  
Biebo Bihoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Malaria and curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are severe infections associated with poor pregnancy outcomes in sub-Saharan countries. These infections are responsible for low birth weight, preterm birth, and miscarriage. In Burkina Faso, many interventions recommended by the World Health Organization were implemented to control the impact of these infections. After decades of intervention, we assessed the impact of these infections on pregnancy outcomes in rural setting of Burkina Faso. Methods Antenatal care and delivery data of pregnant women attending health facilities in 2016 and 2017 were collected in two rural districts namely Nanoro and Yako, in Burkina Faso. Regression models with likelihood ratio test were used to assess the association between infections and pregnancy outcomes. Results During the two years, 31639 pregnant women received antenatal care. Malaria without STI, STI without malaria, and their coinfections were reported for 7359 (23.3%), 881 (2.8 %), and 388 (1.2%) women, respectively. Low birth weight, miscarriage, and stillbirth were observed in 2754 (10.5 %), 547 (2.0 %), and 373 (1.3 %) women, respectively. Our data did not show an association between low birth weight and malaria [Adjusted OR: 0.91 (0.78 – 1.07)], STIs [Adjusted OR: 0.74 (0.51 – 1.07)] and coinfection [Adjusted OR: 1.15 (0.75 – 1.78)]. Low birth weight was strongly associated with primigravidae [Adjusted OR: 3.53 (3.12 – 4.00)]. Both miscarriage and stillbirth were associated with malaria [Adjusted OR: 1.31 (1.07 – 1.59)], curable STI [Adjusted OR: 1.65 (1.06 – 2.59)], and coinfection [Adjusted OR: 2.00 (1.13 – 3.52)]. Conclusion Poor pregnancy outcomes remained frequent in rural Burkina Faso. Malaria, curable STIs, and their coinfections were associated with both miscarriage and stillbirth in rural Burkina. More effort should be done to reduce the proportion of pregnancies lost associated with these curable infections by targeting interventions in primigravidae women.

In Reply: Encouraging Teens to Use Norplant Is Bad Advice

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1222-1222
Author(s):  
CONSTANCE M. WIEMANN ◽  
ABBEY BERENSON
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancies ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
Access To Contraception

We agree with Dr Griffin that abstinence is the only fail-safe method of contraception that prevents both sexually transmitted diseases and unintended pregnancies. However, adolescents who are denied access to contraception do not necessarily abstain from having sexual intercourse. Seventy-five percent of today's female adolescents are sexually active by age 19. More than 800 000 of these teenagers experience unplanned pregnancies each year, largely due to poor access to or inconsistent use of contraceptives. One of our responsibilities as adolescent health care providers is to facilitate responsible sexual behavior by promoting abstinence among those adolescents willing to wait until marriage.

scholarly journals How sex acts scale with the number of sex partners: evidence from Chlamydia trachomatis data and implications for control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L Althaus ◽  
Marc Choisy ◽  
Samuel Alizon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
The Impact

Mathematical models are frequently used to assess the impact of control interventions for Chlamydia trachomatis and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Modeling approaches that stratify the population by the number of sex partners often assume the transmission risk per partner to be constant. However, sexual behavior data suggests that people with many partners share less sex acts per partner than people with fewer partners. This should lower the risk of transmission per partner for highly sexually active individuals and could have important epidemiological consequences for STI transmission. We devise a new epidemiological model that we fit to chlamydia prevalence data from Natsal-2 and CSF, two population-based probability sample surveys of sexual behavior in Britain and France. Compared to a standard model where the transmission risk per partner is constant, a model with realistic numbers of sex acts per partner provides a better fit to the data. Furthermore, the improved model provides evidence for strong assortative mixing among individuals with different numbers of sex partners. Our results suggest that all chlamydia infected individuals with one or more new heterosexual partners per year contribute significantly to ongoing transmission, underlining that control interventions should be aimed towards all sexually active young adults.

scholarly journals Consumption-Savings Trade-Off in the Allocation of Migrants; Remittances and Economic Growth: The Cases of Burkina Faso and Senegal

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Samuel Maxime Coly ◽  
François Joseph Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
West African ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
Cge Modeling ◽  
Migrant Remittances ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium

The objective of this research is to assess the impact on growth of reallocating migrant remittances for savings/investment purposes. It focuses on two countries in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)' zone (Burkina Faso and Senegal). The methodological approach adopted is dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modeling that integrates a procedure for reallocating remittances. Simulation results show that an increase in the propensity to save as a result of reallocation of remittances received by households for savings purposes leads to an increase in economic growth.

scholarly journals How sex acts scale with the number of sex partners: evidence from Chlamydia trachomatis data and implications for control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L Althaus ◽  
Marc Choisy ◽  
Samuel Alizon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
The Impact

Mathematical models are frequently used to assess the impact of control interventions for Chlamydia trachomatis and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Modeling approaches that stratify the population by the number of sex partners often assume the transmission risk per partner to be constant. However, sexual behavior data suggests that people with many partners share less sex acts per partner than people with fewer partners. This should lower the risk of transmission per partner for highly sexually active individuals and could have important epidemiological consequences for STI transmission. We devise a new epidemiological model that we fit to chlamydia prevalence data from Natsal-2 and CSF, two population-based probability sample surveys of sexual behavior in Britain and France. Compared to a standard model where the transmission risk per partner is constant, a model with realistic numbers of sex acts per partner provides a better fit to the data. Furthermore, the improved model provides evidence for strong assortative mixing among individuals with different numbers of sex partners. Our results suggest that all chlamydia infected individuals with one or more new heterosexual partners per year contribute significantly to ongoing transmission, underlining that control interventions should be aimed towards all sexually active young adults.

Testing a model of contraception use behavior among sexually active female adolescents in Taiwan

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 628-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruey-Hsia Wang ◽  
Hsiu-Hung Wang ◽  
Chung-Ping Cheng ◽  
Hsiu-Yueh Hsu ◽  
Shu-Yuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Use Behavior

scholarly journals Sexual reproductive healthcare utilisation and HIV testing in an integrated adolescent youth centre clinic in Cape Town, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Mendelsohn ◽  
Katherine Gill ◽  
Rebecca Marcus ◽  
Dante Robbertze ◽  
Claudine Van de Venter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Hiv Counselling And Testing ◽  
Screening And Prevention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Youth Centre

Background: HIV prevalence is increasing among South African youth, but HIV counselling and testing (HCT) remains low. Adolescent pregnancy rates are also high.Objectives: Innovative strategies are needed to increase HIV and pregnancy screening and prevention among youth.Method: The Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation Youth Centre (DTHF-YC) offers integrated, incentivised sexual and reproductive health (SRH), educational and recreational programmes. We compared HCT and contraception rates between the DTHF-YC and a public clinic (PC) in Cape Town to estimate the impact of DTHF-YC on youth contraception and HCT utilisation.Results: In 2015, females < 18 years had 3.74 times (confidence interval [CI]: 3.37–4.15) more contraception visits at DTHF-YC versus PC. There were no differences in the contraception and adherence was suboptimal. DTHF-YC youth (aged 15–24 years) were 1.85 times (CI: 1.69–2.01) more likely to undergo HCT versus PC, while male youth were 3.83 times (CI: 3.04–4.81) more likely to test at DTHF-YC. Youth were a third less likely to test HIV-positive at DTHF-YC versus PC. Female sex, older age, clinic attendance for contraception and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), redeeming incentives and high DTHF-YC attendance were all independent factors associated with increased HCT.Conclusion: Youth were significantly more likely to access SRH services at DTHF-YC compared with the PC. The differences were greatest in contraception use by female adolescents < 18 years and HCT by male youth. Increased HCT did not increase youth HIV case detection. Data from DTHF-YC suggest that youth-friendly healthcare providers integrated into community youth spaces may increase youth HCT and contraception rates.

scholarly journals Access to Contraception amongst Female Adolescents: Rivers State Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-92
Author(s):  
S. Eli ◽  
D. G. B. Kalio ◽  
K. Okagua ◽  
C. E. Enyindah ◽  
D. S. Abam
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
High Risk Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Access To Contraception

Introduction: The importance of contraception amongst adolescents cannot be over-emphasized especially as it concerns reproductive health. Globally, these group of persons are vulnerable and engage in high risk sexual behaviour with little or no access to contraception particularly in the developing countries of the world. Aim: To determine the access to contraception amongst female adolescents in Rivers State.  Methods: It was a cross sectional study of female adolescents attending holiday camp in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Questionnaires were distributed and information coded and analysed using SPSS version 22. Results: One hundred questionnaires were distributed and 89 retrieved. The mean age was 16 ± 2 years. Fifty seven (64.0%) were in secondary school while 32(36.0%) of the adolescents were undergraduates. Twelve (13.5%) were sexually active compared to 69 (77.5%) who were not sexually active, 8 (9%) were non respondents to this question. One (1.1%) of the adolescents had access to contraception while 85 (95.5%) had no access to contraception, 3 (3.3%) did not give any response as regards to access to contraception or not. The media was the most common means of information 25 (28%) on contraception. Conclusion: The study revealed that access to contraception amongst female adolescents in Port Harcourt was poor. Enlightenment programme is highly recommended to prevent unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections and other adverse effects on reproductive health.

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