scholarly journals Analysis of Reduce Potential Methane Gas Emission by Methanotrofic Bacteria from Rice Field in Gowa

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Maymuna Nontji ◽  
Baharuddin Patenjengi ◽  
Burhanuddin Rasyid ◽  
Pirman Pirman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Needed Information

<p>The Increase of temperature in atmosphere caused by increasing concentrations of methane in rice field affects to metabolism of rice plants, it can reduce productivity of rice. <em>Methanotrofic</em> bacteria are one of the organisms that can reduce methane gas emissions, because the bacteria use methane as an energy source. Based on the fact, needed information about the reduce potential of methane gas by the bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze reduce potential of <em>methanotrofic</em> bacteria have been previously isolated that from rice fields in Gowa. The Analysis was done by measuring concentration of methane gas using chromatography gas techniques. Observations of remaining gas concentration were done four times during 13-days incubation period. All isolates were able to reduce methane with varies potential. The highest reduction shown by isolates GMP 2 with the reduction about 88%. The Lowest reduction shown by GMV 3 with the reduction about 51.9%.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: emission, methane, <em>methanotrofic</em></p>

scholarly journals EMISI DAN ABSORPSI GAS METANA PADA SISTEM PENANAMAN PADI DI AREA TANAH SAWAH

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Marniati Salim ◽  
Hiyal Faizah ◽  
I Made Sudiana
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Methane Absorption ◽  
Land Condition

 To know there are emission and methane absorption, research was conduted by measuring directly gas methane at the rice field and absorption with metanotroph bactery using chromatography gas. From the research, we know that there is methane gas emission at the rice field. Watery land condition, emit methane gas (2,309 mg/L) larger than not watery land (0,059 mg/L). At the same time and paddy age is 2 month, it also emit larger methane gas (1,809 mg/L) than 1 month age paddy (1,758 mg/L) and without paddy (0,697 mg/L), whereas for methane absorption at land sample  T0, T1, T2, T3, shows that with fertilizer given can increase the reduction of injected methane gas. Keywords: Absorption, Metanotroph bacteria, Methane gas emission   

scholarly journals Pengaruh Dosis Herbisida Ethoxysulfuron 15 WG Terhadap Gulma, Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Padi Varietas Ciherang

Agrologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedi Widayat ◽  
Dani Riswandi ◽  
Aty Fujiaty Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ludwigia Adscendens

Weeds in rice fields decrease the quantity and quality of yield. One of the methods used to control weeds is chemical herbicide. The objective of this research was to find out the effective dosages of herbicide Ethoxysulfuron 15 WG on weeds growth as well as growth and yield of rice plants var. Ciherang. This experiment was used Randomized Block Design with seven treatments and four replication. The Ethoxysulfuron doses trated to rice field  6 g/ha,  9 g/ha, 12 g/ha, 15 g/ha and 18 g/ha. The two control treatments were  mechanical weeding, and without weeding and herbicide. The experimental result showed that Ethoxusylfuron herbicide with the dosage of 9 g/ha could suppress the growth of weed Ludwigia adscendens, Ludwigia perrenis, Fimbristylis miliacea,other weeds, and total weeds and give a good impact on yield of rice plants.

scholarly journals Methane reductions to moderate the global warming effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Tibor Török ◽  
László Zoltán Szabó ◽  
Sándor J. Zsarnóczai
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
International Data

The case-study overviews the possible reduction for the methane gas emission in order to avoid of the more global warming effects and climate change caused by the human activity at latest decades. To collect international data base is for analysing and valuing methane gas emission based on the different country-groups, emphasizing responsibility of developing countries and highly developed countries for gas emission, also the methane emission based is on the economic sectors. China and India have share 8% of China and 2% of India respectively of cumulative CO2 emissions over the period 1900-2005, the US and the EU are responsible for more than half of emissions. Based on the estimation the global gas emissions of methane in the whole world has increased by 37% for period of 1990- 2030, as four decades, and this was 0,92% annual rate growth, while the OECD has increased the methane emission by 8,5% for this period, which means 0,21% growth rate annually. Scenario in developing countries for 2013-2020 the methane gas emission reduction could have been 8200 Mt of CO2e (Equivalent) and less than 10 US dollar per ton in more cost financing. Highly developed and developing economies (last one their methane emission share 56% in 1990, estimated 66,8% in 2030) increase their economic growth by mostly fossil energy resulted in increasing also methane gas emissions. The methane gas emission can be solved by those results-based-finance forms relevant to Kyoto Protocol, which can extend in the world by financial institutions.

scholarly journals Epiphytic Cyanobacteria on Chara vulgaris Are the Main Contributors to N2 Fixation in Rice Fields

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 5391-5397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoanna Ariosa ◽  
Antonio Quesada ◽  
Juan Aburto ◽  
David Carrasco ◽  
Ramón Carreres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
Fixation Rate ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Chara Vulgaris ◽  
Rice Plants

ABSTRACT The distribution of nitrogenase activity in the rice-soil system and the possible contribution of epiphytic cyanobacteria on rice plants and other macrophytes to this activity were studied in two locations in the rice fields of Valencia, Spain, in two consecutive crop seasons. The largest proportion of photodependent N2 fixation was associated with the macrophyte Chara vulgaris in both years and at both locations. The nitrogen fixation rate associated with Chara always represented more than 45% of the global nitrogenase activity measured in the rice field. The estimated average N2 fixation rate associated with Chara was 27.53 kg of N ha−1 crop−1. The mean estimated N2 fixation rates for the other parts of the system for all sampling periods were as follows: soil, 4.07 kg of N ha−1 crop−1; submerged parts of rice plants, 3.93 kg of N ha−1 crop−1; and roots, 0.28 kg of N ha−1 crop−1. Micrographic studies revealed the presence of epiphytic cyanobacteria on the surface of Chara. Three-dimensional reconstructions by confocal scanning laser microscopy revealed no cyanobacterial cells inside the Chara structures. Quantification of epiphytic cyanobacteria by image analysis revealed that cyanobacteria were more abundant in nodes than in internodes (on average, cyanobacteria covered 8.4% ± 4.4% and 6.2% ± 5.0% of the surface area in the nodes and internodes, respectively). Epiphytic cyanobacteria were also quantified by using a fluorometer. This made it possible to discriminate which algal groups were the source of chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a measurements confirmed that cyanobacteria were more abundant in nodes than in internodes (on average, the chlorophyll a concentrations were 17.2 ± 28.0 and 4.0 ± 3.8 μg mg [dry weight] of Chara −1 in the nodes and internodes, respectively). These results indicate that this macrophyte, which is usually considered a weed in the context of rice cultivation, may help maintain soil N fertility in the rice field ecosystem.

Integration of the rice field design software with AutoCAD Сivil 3D

2021 ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
E.E. Dmitrieva ◽  
E.V. Kalinova
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Design Software

The article discusses the use of AutoCAD Civil 3D engineering system with the software for rice fields designing. The article contains the examples of graphic materials (rice field model) created in AutoCAD Civil 3D based on the design results in RIS software.

Gas Concentration Distribution Law in the Roadway after Coal and Gas Outburst

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
Chun Li Yang ◽  
Yi Liang Zhao ◽  
Xiang Chun Li ◽  
Yang Yang Meng ◽  
Fei Fei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Coal And Gas Outburst ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Gas Outburst ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Secondary Disasters

Gas emission happens after coal and gas outburst, and it could cause secondary disasters in the roadway. Therefore it is necessary to research gas concentration distribution law in the roadway after coal and gas outburst, and theoretical basis for avoiding the occurrence of secondary disasters could be provided. Based on the above, Fluent is used to simulate gas concentration distribution law in the roadway during outburst. The research results show that gas velocity of the initial stage is larger in the whole process of gas outburst and gas emission impacts opposite walls in the form of jet in the roadway intersection. The flow changes direction and moves along the main airway and return airway. It produces countercurrent along the main airway. Because the pressure in the main airway is high, gas migration velocity becomes zero after a certain distance and is "back" to return airway. The higher the outburst velocity is, the longer the flow length is. Gas concentration variation with two kinds of different outburst intensities and position are regressed and it shows that correlation coefficients of power function are the highest. The research results have a certain theoretical value to prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters after coal and gas outburst.

Design and Calibration of Chambers for the Measurement of Housed Dairy Cow Gaseous Emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1291-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Drewry ◽  
J. Mark Powell ◽  
Christopher Y. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Air Mixing

Abstract. The increased global demand for milk and other dairy products over the past decade has heightened concerns about the potential for increased environmental impacts. Accurate measurement of gas emissions from dairy cows is essential to assess the effects of cow diets and other management practices on both the composition and rate of gas emissions. In this article, methodologies are described to instrument, calibrate, and assess the uncertainty of gas emissions by cows housed in chambers that simulate production settings. The supply and exhaust ducts of each chamber were equipped with pitot tubes, temperature and relative humidity probes, and gas samplers to monitor airflow rates, gas composition, and gas emission rates. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) instrument was used to quantify gaseous concentrations in the gas samples on a semi-continuous basis. The measurement uncertainty of the rate of gaseous emission from the chambers was quantified, and gas concentration and differential pressure, as measured by the pitot tubes, were identified as the primary parameters contributing to gas emission uncertainties. Mass recovery tests determined that the recovery of methane from each chamber was within 10% of the released mass. Fan operating curves were experimentally determined to identify optimum differential chamber pressures to minimize gas leakage from the chambers. A computational fluid dynamics model was developed to assess air mixing patterns and define steady-state conditions. The model was validated with experimental data of air velocity within each chamber. These procedures will facilitate accurate measurement of gas emissions from housed dairy cows and provide a laboratory to test various gas mitigation treatments. Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics, Dairy, Emission chamber.

Raman lidar system for methane gas concentration measurements

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Douglas Houston ◽  
Sebastian Sizgoric ◽  
Arkady Ulitsky ◽  
John Banic
Keyword(s):  
Raman Lidar ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Concentration Measurements

scholarly journals Polarisasi etnis dan potensi konflik dalam kebijakan pencetakan sawah baru: Sebuah kajian kepustakaan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Dwi Wulan Pujiriyani
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Productive Labor ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Future Potential

This study aims to analyse the implementation of new rice field plan  policies in Indonesia and their impacts on population and ethnic composition in new rice field locations. This research is conducted by applying a literature review method. It is shown that the implementation of the policies had two major implications. Firstly, it creates assimilation opportunities through collaboration between ethnic migrants and local ethnic groups to work on or cultivate new rice fields. Secondly, the great flows of transmigrants that move to the new rice field locations trigger ethnic polarization, which is prone to cause inter-ethnic conflict. In the future, potential problems associated with the provision of new rice fields are available are the risk of having aging population. The aging population indicates a decrease in productive labor that may also affect on decreasing attractiveness of the rice fields to the younger generation. This situation can lead to the re-involvement of older generation in managing the new rice fields. However, it can raise a new concern on their ability to improve the rice fields’ productivity or, even worse, the new rice fields might be neglected or be sold. 

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