Polarisasi etnis dan potensi konflik dalam kebijakan pencetakan sawah baru: Sebuah kajian kepustakaan

This study aims to analyse the implementation of new rice field plan policies in Indonesia and their impacts on population and ethnic composition in new rice field locations. This research is conducted by applying a literature review method. It is shown that the implementation of the policies had two major implications. Firstly, it creates assimilation opportunities through collaboration between ethnic migrants and local ethnic groups to work on or cultivate new rice fields. Secondly, the great flows of transmigrants that move to the new rice field locations trigger ethnic polarization, which is prone to cause inter-ethnic conflict. In the future, potential problems associated with the provision of new rice fields are available are the risk of having aging population. The aging population indicates a decrease in productive labor that may also affect on decreasing attractiveness of the rice fields to the younger generation. This situation can lead to the re-involvement of older generation in managing the new rice fields. However, it can raise a new concern on their ability to improve the rice fields’ productivity or, even worse, the new rice fields might be neglected or be sold.

The Impact of Contemporary Housing Functions on Its Social Sustainability

Social housing functions are interrelated in manifold ways, expressing different needs and preferences of heterogeneous and socially unequal modern societies. The home as a place of individual shelter and privacy and as a node of interaction in social networks interferes with activities that had been spatially outsourced in the past and reintegrated again in recent times, such as productive labor, care or supply. In addition, social housing functions compete with economic functions of capital accumulation and profitmaking, transforming the dwelling into a tradeable commodity. Likewise, ecological functions of saving land and resources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions have to be satisfied. These interdependencies challenge sustainable housing politics, most prominently signified in the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals 1, 10, and 11. The contribution captures this network of housing functions by advocating to strengthen social housing functions against economic functions. Political and philosophical justification of this position refers to theories of social capital and relational justice. Political measures feasible of being applied within the neoliberal system will be delineated, aiming to sustain social housing functions.

epic space of Dam San: a cultural picture of the Ede ethnic group in Vietnam

This article studies the epic space of Dam San that is associated with traditional beliefs, rituals in festivals, and contexts associated with Ede’s productive labor and living activities. In that context, the image of the hero Dam San is an ideal leader with strength, talent, courage, virtue, great ambitions, and great ideals, and those ideals also represent the ideals of an ethnic group. The epic space of Dam San is just like a large theme reflecting the cultural life and anchoring, transmitting traditional cultural values of the Ede ethnic group in Vietnam.

Analisis Peran Gender Suami Dan Istri Dalam Rumah Tangga Penenun Kain Songket (Studi Kasus Di Kelurahan Tuan Kentang Kecamatan Seberang Ulu 1 Kota Palembang)

This study aims to analyze and describe gender equality in the household of female songket weavers in Tuan Kentang Village, Seberang Ulu 1 District, Palembang City. This study uses Harvard Analysis. The method used in this research is qualitative research methods. Data collection methods are observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. There are 7 informants in this study. The activity profile includes a description of the reproductive, productive and social division of labor. The access and control profile includes a description of the level of equity in access to resources, access to benefits, control over resources and control over benefits in the household. The results showed that, the household activities profile of women weaving Songket fabrics in Tuan Kentang Village is dominated by activities that are gender biased or have not provided equality for women (including the division of productive labor and the division of social labor). Meanwhile, the division of reproductive labor has a gender perspective in which control of benefits is carried out jointly between male and female. The access and control profile of resources and benefits in the household is generally responsive or women have a high degree of equality in access to and control of resources and benefits.

Migration and fuel use in rural Zambia

What is the effect of migration on fuel use in rural Zambia? Opportunities to increase income can be scarce in this setting; in response, households may pursue a migration strategy to increase resources as well as to mitigate risk. Migrant remittances may make it possible for households to shift from primary reliance on firewood to charcoal, and the loss of productive labor through migration may reinforce this shift. This paper uses four waves of panel data collected as part of the Child Grant Programme in rural Zambia to examine the connection between migration and the choice of firewood or charcoal as cooking fuel and finds evidence for both mechanisms. Importantly, this paper considers migration as a process, including out as well as return migration, embedding it in the context of household dynamics generally. Empirical results suggest that while out-migration helps move households away from firewood as a fuel source, return migration moves them back, but because the former is more common, the overall effect of migration is to shift households away from primary reliance on firewood.

Against Single Stories of ‘Left Behind’ and ‘Triple Win’: On Agricultural Care Chains and the Permanent Subsistence Crisis

The single story of Moldova as the “country without parents” is unsettling. While it is true that villages in Moldova, as in other post-Soviet regions and global peripheries, are affected by intensive outmigration and labor mobility, the image is incomplete. In this article, I propose a different telling of this story: one that looks at and challenges the structural power relations visible in people’s lives in rural Moldova. It is a telling that points to the overall subsistence crisis in Europe and the relationship between neocolonial entanglements and agricultural care chains. As such, this article aims to bring together reflections on labor migration, well-being in rural areas and the global care economy while seeking to decolonize subsistence production through the abolition of the international division of (re)productive labor.

PEASANT UTOPIAS OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY IN RUSSIAN PROSE OF 1960s–1980s

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the CPSU and the Soviet government, implementing a program of building communism in a short time, launched the process of industrialization of agriculture and proletarization of the peasantry. Writers of rural themes perceived this movement as a threat to the national identity of the Russian people and tried to contrast the state projects with the historical experience of the grassroots peasant initiative in creating rural communities of high productive labor, class equality, abundance, and original culture. The article considers two types of artistic models of the peasant world order: “closed”, focused on the centuries-old traditions of the Russian peasant community (V. Lichutin, V. Rasputin), and “open”, characteristic of the utopias of the Altai chronotope, focused on the post-revolutionary new peasantry order (S. Zalygin, V. Shukshin). The problem is in the degree of the utopian and the real in models of both types and their relevance in the modern search for the Russian way of revival and development of the peasant world. The scientific basis of this work is the research of the history and theory of the utopia genre and its modifications in Russian prose of the second half of the twentieth century: K. Chistov, Ya. Lurie, V. Shestakov, E. Shatsky, V. Grikhin, V. Chalikova, K. Parte, A. Gulygi, N. Tsvetnoy, N. Kovtun, A. Razuvalova, etc. We used sociological, comparative-historical, comparative-typological, and motivic methods

The role of propaganda in the formation of USSR workers’ motivation for highly productive labor in the years of the great patriotic war (1941-1945)

The article examines the role of propaganda in the formation of workers’ motivation for solving the tasks faced by the USSR industry during the Great Patriotic War and demonstrates the main non-economic methods used to increase labor productivity, reduce resource costs, and cover the shortage of qualified personnel.

The Review and Prospect of Marx and Engels' Educational Thought Research in China

The study of Marx and Engels' educational thought has experienced different stages in China, different stages show different characteristics, and has made some progress in the aspects of “human nature”, “all-round development of human beings”, “the combination of education and productive labor”, “the relationship between education and various social phenomena”, and “the thought of moral education”. Looking forward to the future, the study of Marx and Engels' educational thought in China should be further carried out: the depth of text research, the strengthening of academic research, the emphasis of method research and the deepening of cross-research.