scholarly journals Controlled mass pollination in loblolly pine to increase genetic gains

1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Bridgwater ◽  
D. L. Bramlett ◽  
T. D. Byram ◽  
W. J. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Controlled mass pollination (CMP) is one way to increase genetic gains from traditional wind-pollinated seed orchards. Methodology is under development by several forestry companies in the southern USA. Costs of CMP depend on the efficient installation, pollination, and removal of inexpensive paper bags. Even in pilot-scale studies these costs seem reasonable. Net present values from CMP in a sample of sixty-seven loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seed orchards in the Western Gulf Forest Tree Improvement Program are conservatively expected to average $108 per acre of plantation established with seedlings from CMP among the best six parents in each of five breeding regions and $154 per acre for CMP among the best pair of parents in each breeding region. Key words: supplemental mass pollination, expected genetic gains, pollen contamination

Fifth-Year Performance of Progenies of Selected South African Slash and Loblolly Pine Clones

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
John F. Kraus ◽  
Earl R. Sluder
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
The South ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Control-pollinated polymix progenies of 9 slash pine (P. elliottii Engelm.) and 10 loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) pine from some of the best clones in a South African tree improvement program were tested in Georgia. Overall, the progenies of the South African selections in both species have done well after five years in the field. One of the slash pine and three of the loblolly pine families were better than open-pollinated progeny from established seed orchards.

scholarly journals The Success of Tree Breeding in the Southern US

BioResources ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve McKeand
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
State University ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Us

Nowhere in the world have tree improvement and silviculture had a bigger impact on forest productivity and value to landowners than in the southern US. The economic impact from almost 60 years of tree improvement in the southern United States has been staggering. For example, over 300,000 hectares are planted each year with seedlings from the breeding efforts with loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) by members and staff of the North Carolina State University Cooperative Tree Improvement Program. The present value of continued genetic gains from traditional tree improvement efforts is estimated to be $2.5 billion USD to landowners and citizens in the southern US.

scholarly journals The Association of a Longidorus Species with Stunting and Root Damage of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Seedlings

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Fraedrich ◽  
Michelle M. Cram
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

A Longidorus species was consistently associated with patches of stunted and chlorotic loblolly pine seedlings at a forest-tree nursery in Georgia. Seedlings from affected areas had poorly developed root systems that lacked lateral and feeder roots. Longidorus population densities in composite soil samples from the margins of patches ranged from 9 to 67 nematodes per 100 cm3 of soil. In a growth chamber experiment, seedling root dry weight decreased with respect to the initial Longidorus dose as well as the final Longidorus populations in containers. The dry root weight of seedlings were 0.117, 0.090, 0.066, and 0.065 g in containers initially infested with 0, 50, 100, and 200 Longidorus, respectively. Lateral and fine roots were lacking on seedlings at the highest doses. Populations of Longidorus increased in all containers during the experiment. Damage to loblolly pine seedlings caused by Longidorus is a previously undescribed problem in southern pine nurseries. Proper diagnosis of the problem by nematode testing laboratories may require the use of extraction techniques specific for larger nematodes such as Longidorus.

Flower Stimulation Treatments in a Loblolly Pine Seed Orchard

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Wheeler ◽  
D. L. Bramlett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
A Site

Abstract Flowering in conifer seed orchards may be sporadic and insufficient to meet reforestation needs at early ages. Consequently, considerable effort has been made to develop cultural treatments to enhance flowering in operational seed orchards. For a number of species, flower-promoting technology is well-defined. This study evaluated two known technologies, currently in use for other species, for flower-promoting effects in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). A replicated experiment was installed in a 10-year-old, second-generation loblolly pine seed orchard at Lyons, GA. Overlapping, saw-cut girdles and stem-injected GA4/7 were applied alone, and in combination, to main boles of ramets of four clones. Timing of treatments was evaluated using four treatment dates. All treatments significantly enhanced female flower production, relative to controls, although girdling was clearly the most effective single treatment. There was no treatment effect on pollen production. Timing of treatment is important but may require evaluation on a site-by-site basis. Tree health 1 year after treatment was excellent, although clonal sensitivity to some treatments was noted. Use of flower stimulation techniques is recommended, particularly for younger loblolly pine orchards. South J. Appl. For. 15(1):44-50.

scholarly journals Systemic Insecticide Injections for Control of Cone and Seed Insects in Loblolly Pine Seed Orchards—2 Year Results

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Grosman ◽  
William W. Upton ◽  
Frank A. McCook ◽  
Ronald F. Billings
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Systemic Insecticide ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Cone And Seed Insects ◽  
Seed Insects

Abstract Three systemic insecticide treatments, emamectin benzoate alone, imidacloprid alone, and a combination of emamectin benzoate and thiamethoxam, were injected one or two times into loblolly pine,Pinus taeda L., during a 2 yr period in a seed orchard in east Texas. Single injections of treatments containing emamectin benzoate reduced coneworm (Dioryctria spp.) damage by 94–97% during the study period. A second injection after 1 yr did not improve protection. Imidacloprid also significantly reduced coneworm damage in 1999, but not in 2000. Significant reductions in damage from pine seed bugs (Tetyra bipunctata Say andLeptoglossus corculus Herrich-Schaffer) and an increase in the number of full seeds per cone resulted from imidacloprid and thiamethoxam treatments and to a lesser extent from emamectin benzoate. Yearly injections of imidacloprid or thiamethoxam were required to maintain protection against seed bugs. The best overall treatment, two injections of emamectin benzoate plus thiamethoxam, reduced cone and seed losses from insects by 86%. South. J. Appl. For. 26(3):146–152.

Seed Source Testing of Alabama Loblolly Pine: Implications for Seed Movements and Tree Improvement Programs

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart E. Duba ◽  
James F. Goggans ◽  
Richard M. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Central Portion ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Eight Alabama loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seed sources were compared by establishing one plantation near each source of seed. On the basis of growth after 14 years, the eight sources segregated into three groups that corresponded with southern, central, and northern geographic areas. Southern sources generally had the largest heights and volumes, while central sources were intermediate and northern sources smallest. Although some source-by-location interactions did occur, southern sources could be utilized in the central portion of the state and central sources could be utilized in northern areas to provide above-average growth. Implications for tree improvement programs are made.

scholarly journals A Southwide Rate Test of Azinphosmethyl (Guthion®) for Cone and Seed Insect Control in Loblolly Pine Seed Orchards

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
A.C. Mangini ◽  
L.R. Barber ◽  
R.S. Cameron ◽  
G.L. DeBarr ◽  
G.R. Hodge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
First Year ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Rate Test ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract A southwide efficacy test of reduced rates of azinphosmethyl (Guthion®) for control of seed and cone insects in loblolly pine seed orchards was conducted in 1992. In each of nine loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seed orchards, an untreated (no protection) check and two of five possible rates of Guthion® (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, or 3.0 lb ai/ac/application) were randomly assigned to three test plots. Insecticide treatments improved first-year conelet survival, second-year cone survival, sound seeds per cone, and sound seeds per conelet at nearly every rate. There was no trend of better protection with increasing rates of Guthion®. The 1.0 lb ai/ac rate was as efficacious as the EPA-registered maximum aerial rate of 3.0 lb ai/ac. Based on these results, orchard managers should consider reduced rates of Guthion® for operational cone and seed insect control programs. South. J. Appl. For. 22(2):106-110.

Incidence of Resin-Soaked Roots in Subsoiled Loblolly Pine Seed Orchards on Sandy Soils

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
R. S. Webb ◽  
S. A. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract The root systems of 70 loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) from three subsoiled seed orchards were excavated to determine the association of subsoiling with the incidence of resin-soaked lateral roots. The number of lateral roots and the proportion of resin-soaked and healthy root tissue were recorded. Chips from the resin-soaked margin of lateral roots were incubated for 10 days at 24°C on two general media and two media selective for Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. Verticicladiella procera Kend. was isolated from 30 percent of the declining/subsoiled trees at one seed orchard. Monilia spp. were also isolated. Of the lateral roots severed by subsoiling, 60 percent were resin-soaked from 10 to 45 cm in length.

Correspondence between Breeding Values of the Same Pinus taeda L. Genotypes from Clonal Trials and Half-Sib Seedling Progeny Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-611
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nasir Shalizi ◽  
Salvador Alejandro Gezan ◽  
Steven E McKeand ◽  
Joshua R Sherrill ◽  
W Patrick Cumbie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Abstract The correspondence between breeding values of 65 loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) genotypes from clonal genetic tests and half-sib seedling progeny tests was studied in the southern United States. The two experiments were established separately, 10 years apart. Additive genetic variance estimates from clonal tests were larger compared with the estimates from the half-sib progeny tests, regardless of the covariance structure used in the statistical models and the traits. However, clone-mean and half-sib family-mean heritability estimates were comparable for all traits, ranging between 0.88 and 0.99. Based on the independent analysis, the correlation between the breeding values of the same genotypes from two propagule types was moderate (0.59) for tree height and stem volume. The combined analysis resulted in a strong genetic correlation (>0.93) between the breeding values of two propagule types. Herein the large discrepancy is mainly the outcome of different data analytical approaches. Conclusively, selecting genotypes for deployment based on clonal testing may not be optimal, but forest tree breeders can use the results from clonal tests to make some informed decisions.

Management of Loblolly Pine Clone Banks for Scion Production

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Steven E. McKeand ◽  
Jerry R. Sprague ◽  
J. B. Jett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Lateral Branches

Abstract Scion production in a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) clone bank was maximized when scions were clipped from lateral branches only (heavy pruning treatment) as compared to hedging trees or hedging trees plus spraying with benzylaminopurine. Since the growth of the heavily pruned trees was very similar to nonpruned or lightly pruned trees, the use of this treatment is recommended to increase scion production in young pine seed orchards and clone banks that will also be used for breeding. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):231-234.

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