scholarly journals Hepatitis C Genotypes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Three-Year Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Yasemin Derya Gülseren ◽  
Fatma Esenkaya Taşbent ◽  
Mehmet Özdemir ◽  
Bahadır Feyzioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Genotype 1B ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Genotype 3A

Introduction: In case of chronic hepatitis C infection, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma may progress. HCV genotypes and subtypes have been found to vary according to geographical regions. In addition to its epidemiological importance, HCV genotype is an important factor in determining the response and duration of treatment. In this study, it was aimed to determine the genotype distribution in our region. Materials and Methods: The results of 241 patients with HCV RNA positivity detected in our laboratory Molecular unit between 2016 and 2018 were retrospectively screened. HCV-RNA extraction for genotyping was performed by automated system (EZ1 Virus Mini Kit v.2.0, Germany), and ‘’line probe assay’’ (LIPA) based on reverse hybridization method was applied. HCV-RNA levels were determined by real-time PCR method (Artus HCV QS-RGQ kit, Qiagen, Germany). Results: Two hundred and forty-one patients were included in the study, and 116 (48%) were females and 125 (52%) were males. Mean age was 56.1 ± 19.4 (range: 16-90) years. Mean logarithmic viral load value was 5.7 ± 0.9 IU/ml (range; 2.71 x 102-17 x 106), mean value of AST was 50.5 ± 43.7 IU/ml and mean ALT value was 63.4 ± 63.5 IU/ml. Genotype 1b was detected in 58.9% of the patients, genotype 3a in 14.1%, genotype 1a in 13.27%, genotype 2b in 4.1%, genotype 4a in 1.2%. The subtypes could not be determined for 4.9%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 0.4% of infected patient in genotype 1,2,4 and 5 respectively. Conclusion: In our study, genotype 1b (58.9%) was found as the dominant genotype. This was followed by genotype 3a (14.1%). In patients infected with genotype 1, viral load value was found to be significantly higher than other genotypes. Monitoring genotype change is important for determining treatment protocols and duration.

Prolonged Negative HCV-RNA Status Led to a Good Outcome in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Genotype 1b and Super-High Viral Load

Intervirology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kohno ◽  
Shiomi Aimitsu ◽  
Mikiya Kitamoto ◽  
Yasuyuki Aisaka ◽  
Hiroiku Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Genotype 1B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Treatment with Interferon plus Ribavirin in anti-HIV Negative Patients with Congenital Coagulation Disorders and Chronic Hepatitis C

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (06) ◽  
pp. 807-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Sauleda ◽  
Carmen Altisent ◽  
Lluís Puig ◽  
Rafael Esteban ◽  
Jaume Guardia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Congenital Coagulation Disorders ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv Negative

SummaryHepatitis C virus (HCV) infected hemophiliacs respond at low rate to interferon (IFN) monotherapy.To assess efficacy of IFN and RBV in HIV negative hemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis C and identify early predictive factors of response.Twenty naive patients were treated with interferon and RBV for twelve months. Response was assessed by both serial ALT and HCV RNA levels.Normalization of ALT with clearance of HCV RNA occurred in seven (35%) patients. Age and age at infection were the only features associated with a higher likelihood of response. In all responders the viral load had decreased by at least one log within two months of starting treatment.Combination of interferon and ribavirin is well tolerated by hemophiliacs who achieve similar sustained response rates to non-hemophiliacs. Quantitative assessment of viral load at two months of treatment is a useful method to identify non-responders at an early stage.

scholarly journals Chronic hepatitis C in Austria, 1992–2006: genotype distribution and demographic factors

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Maieron ◽  
S Metz-Gercek ◽  
F Hackl ◽  
C Luger ◽  
A Ziachehabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Upper Austria

Chronic hepatitis C is a leading cause of end-stage liver disease and, with a worldwide prevalence of up to 3%, is a pandemic infectious disease. Austria, like most western European countries can be considered as a low prevalence country. This analysis aimed to assess the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in patients with chronic HCV infection in Upper Austria. Between September 1992 and December 2006, we identified 1,318 consecutive patients who tested positive for HCV RNA. Genotyping was routinely performed in 1,239 of the 1,318 patients, and in a subgroup of 617 patients data on the source of transmission were collected. Additionally we obtained data on liver histology and body mass index in a subsample of 273 of the 617 patients. Hepatitis C genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and co-infections were found in 80.4%, 4.5%, 12.3%, 2.7%, 0.1% and 0.2% of the patients, respectively. There was a highly significant age difference in relation to gender at the time of diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C, with women being older than men (men: 45.0 years; women: 49.3 years; p<0.0001). The number of new cases of chronic hepatitis C decreased substantially over the last decade, but although risk factors for obtaining HCV are well established, we did not find a decrease in the age of first diagnosis. Besides consistent screening in defined risk groups it is important to raise awareness for risk factors for HCV acquisition and liver disease progression.

scholarly journals Early Prediction of Nonresponders to Treatment with Interferon Alpha-2B and Ribavirin in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis WC Liu ◽  
George Tomlinson ◽  
Tony Mazzulli ◽  
Alison Murray ◽  
Jenny Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Interferon Alpha ◽  
Baseline Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Interferon Alpha 2B ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Treatment Responses

BACKGROUND: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin is costly in terms of side effects, medical resources and drug costs. Furthermore, less than 50% of patients overall have a sustained virological response (SVR).OBJECTIVE: To determine if the log fall in HCV RNA between baseline and week 1 (b-wk1) and between baseline and week 4 (b-wk4) after starting treatment could identify the nonresponders.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-three patients who had completed a full course of therapy were identified. Quantitative measurements of HCV RNA were analyzed from stored sera, collected prospectively.RESULTS: SVR was achieved in 47.1% and 47.3% of patients in the b-wk1 and b-wk4 groups, respectively. No patients had an SVR with a fall in HCV RNA of less than 0.35 log10and 1.05 log10at week 1 and week 4, respectively. This accounted for 44.4% and 51.7% of the nonresponders in the b-wk1 and b-wk4 groups, respectively. Once the decline in viral load was known, genotype, age, sex and baseline viral load did not provide additional power in predicting treatment responses.CONCLUSION: A fall of 1.05 log10in HCV RNA at week 4 predicts those patients who will not respond, identifying one-half of all nonresponders; this allows therapy to be stopped early, without depriving any patient who would have an SVR from treatment.

scholarly journals Short-Term Monotherapy with IDX184, a Liver-Targeted Nucleotide Polymerase Inhibitor, in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 6372-6378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Lalezari ◽  
David Asmuth ◽  
Arnaldo Casiró ◽  
Hugo Vargas ◽  
Shannon Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Plasma Exposure ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus

ABSTRACTIDX184 is a liver-targeted prodrug of 2′-methylguanosine (2′-MeG) monophosphate. This study investigated the safety, tolerability, antiviral activity, and pharmacokinetics of IDX184 as a single agent in treatment-naïve patients with genotype-1 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Forty-one patients with baseline HCV RNA ≥ 5 log10IU/ml, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5× the upper limit of normal, and compensated liver disease were dosed. Sequential cohorts of 10 patients, randomized 8:2 (active:placebo), received 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg of IDX184 once daily for 3 days, with a 14-day follow-up. There were no safety-related treatment discontinuations or serious adverse events. The adverse events and laboratory abnormalities observed for IDX184- and placebo-treated patients were similar. At the end of the 3-day treatment period, changes from baseline in HCV RNA levels (means ± standard deviations) were −0.5 ± 0.6, −0.7 ± 0.2, −0.6 ± 0.3, and −0.7 ± 0.5 log10for the 25-, 50-, 75-, and 100-mg doses, respectively, while viral load remained unchanged for the pooled placebo patients (−0.05 ± 0.3 log10). Patients with genotype-1a and patients with genotype-1b responded similarly. Serum ALT levels decreased, especially at daily doses ≥ 75 mg. During the posttreatment period, plasma viremia and serum aminotransferase levels returned to near pretreatment levels. No resistance mutations associated with IDX184 were detected. Plasma exposure of IDX184 and its nucleoside metabolite 2′-MeG was dose related and low. Changes in plasma viral load correlated with plasma exposure of 2′-MeG. In conclusion, the results from this proof-of-concept study show that small doses of the liver-targeted prodrug IDX184 were able to deliver significant antiviral activity and support further clinical evaluation of the drug candidate.

scholarly journals Interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C infection in hemophiliacs-- influence of virus load, genotype, and liver pathology on response

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1704-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Hanley ◽  
LM Jarvis ◽  
J Andrew ◽  
R Dennis ◽  
PC Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Interferon Treatment ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Virus Load ◽  
Chronic Hcv

In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of interferon treatment in 31 hemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Interferon alfa-2a (3 MU three times weekly) was administered for 6 months. Response was assessed by both serial alanine transaminase (ALT) and HCV RNA levels measured by a sensitive semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. HCV genotype was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and evidence of changing genotypes during interferon therapy was sought. Severity of liver disease was assessed by both noninvasive and invasive methods, including laparoscopic liver inspection and biopsy. Sustained normalization of ALT levels occurred in eight patients (28%), and seven (24%) became nonviremic as assessed by PCR (<80 HCV/mL). Responders universally cleared HCV RNA within 2 months of starting interferon. Genotype 3a was associated with a favorable response to interferon. No evidence was found for a change in circulating genotype in patients who failed to respond to interferon or who relapsed. This study confirms that response rates to interferon are low in hemophiliacs as compared with other groups with chronic HCV infection. We have also demonstrated that virus load measurement over the first 8 to 12 weeks of treatment is an extremely useful method to identify responders at an early stage.

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