Yariability of dry seed mycobiota of Pisum sativum

Mycobiota of dry pea seeds of cv. Ramir and line R 429/87 harvested at Radzików, Oleśnica Mała and Łagiewniki in 1991—93 was investigated. Among twenty species Alternaria aliernata and Stemphylium botryosum occurred commonly each year. Mycosphaerella pinodes, Ascochyta pisi, Fusarium poae and Cladosporium herbarum were noted on most of the tested seed samples. Percentage of sccee transmitting the fungi varied depending on locations, time and genotypes, being the lowest for Łagiewniki and in 1992. The year 1991 was the most favourable for seed mycobiota development, especially for pathogenic fungi.

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Fungi occurrence on seeds of field pea

Acta Mycologica ◽

10.5586/am.2008.010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 77-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Joanna Marcinkowska

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Field Pea ◽

Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽

General Level ◽

Stemphylium Botryosum ◽

Fusarium Poae ◽

Ascochyta Pisi

Seeds of four edible cultivars of Pisum sativum and three fodder harvested in 2004-2006 from eight localities, scattered in all region suitable for pea production in Poland, were evaluated for fungi occurrence on CN agar medium in Petri plates. The highest number (27) of species was isolated in 2004, while the lowest (16) in 2006. Number of fungi inhabiting seeds was influenced mainly by environmental conditions of locality and years. Alternaria alternata dominated in each sample of 450 seeds. Species of Penicillium contaminated seeds as the next and infection by Stemphylium botryosum was at similar level. Fusarium poae was the most often occurring species of this genera. Pea specific pathogens: Mycosphaerella pinodes, Phoma pinodella and Ascochyta pisi infected more seeds in 2004 and 2005 than 2006, and at the last season only A. pisi was noted. In general, level of infection by those pathogens was low, reaching on an average only 2.56%, with the highest for A. pisi, and the lowest for M. pinodes.

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Micromycetes on Pisum sativum var. arvense

Acta Mycologica ◽

10.5586/am.1997.004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

Joanna Marcinkowska

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽

Stemphylium Botryosum ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Fusarium Poae ◽

The Common

Seeds of 11 Austrian winter pea genotypes, harvested at Radzików (CEP) in 1993 and 1994, were evaluated for fungi occurrence on Coon's agar medium in Petri plates. Number of species isolated depended on the genotype and year of collection. Alternaria alternata, Stemphylium botryosum were found on all the tested samples and Phoma pinodella and Fusarium poae were also common while Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Mycosphaerella pinodes appeared to be common only in 1993. Three species occurred only once. The mycoflora was richer in 1993. The common seed inhabitants usually transmitted higher percentage of fungi than species occuring more seldom.

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Importance of seed-borne inoculum in the etiology of the Ascochyta blight complex of field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in Victoria

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9950525 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 525 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

TW Bretag ◽

TV Price ◽

PJ Keane

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Ascochyta Blight ◽

Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽

Seed Infection ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas ◽

Ascochyta Pisi ◽

Growing Region ◽

Seed Infestation

Fungi associated with the ascochyta blight complex of field peas were isolated from 436 of 691 seedlots tested. Of the fungi detected, 94.8% of isolates were Mycosphaerella pinodes, 4.2% Phoma medicaginis, and 1.0% Ascochyta pisi. The levels of infestation of seed varied considerably from year to year and between seedlots, depending on the amount of rainfall between flowering and maturity. Within a particular pea-growing region, the level of seed-borne infection was often highest in seed from crops harvested latest. In addition, crops sown early were usually more severely affected by disease than late-sown crops, and this resulted in higher levels of seed infection. There was no correlation between the level of seed infestation by M. pinodes and the severity of ascochyta blight; however, where the level of seed infection was high (>11%) there was a significant reduction in emergence, which caused a reduction in grain yield. It may therefore be possible to use seed with high levels of seed-borne ascochyta blight fungi, provided the seeding rate is increased to compensate for poor emergence.

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Morphological and Genotypic Characterization of Fungi Associated with the Ascochyta Blight Complex in Western Regions of Algeria

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2018.v14n9p276 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 276

Author(s):

A. Tadja

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Ascochyta Blight ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Large Set ◽

Its Regions ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Ascochyta Pinodes ◽

Pathogenicity Tests ◽

Ascochyta Pisi

The study is conducted in two growing areas of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) in northwestern Algeria. Damages caused by Ascochyta sp complex are important in particular for the variety of Kelvedon Wonder. Observations carried out on the infected plants for several years, indicate the presence of superimposed necrosis of different sizes on all aerial organs. However, these observations do not differentiate symptoms by species. The results of morphological and molecular characterization with sequencing in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and inoculation tests on 32 isolates in the laboratory of symbiosis and plant pathology from Toulouse (France), show a reconciliation of the sequencing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products and size necrosis for all Ascochyta pinodes and pinodella. Alone, Ascochyta pisi is distinguished by a smaller size necrosis. On the molecular level, all isolates whose ITS regions were amplified by PCR, expresses similar size products (550 bp). This molecular weight is found on a large set of pathogenic fungi. The three species of Ascochyta sp complex do not exhibit polymorphism for Pisum sativum species and have an identical molecular weight. The pathogenicity tests performed showed differences in aggressiveness on the host plant. Ascochyta pinodes is the most aggressive than the other two species. As a result, it causes more damage to the crop.

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EFFECT OF EXPOSURE TO RADIO-FREQUENCY ELECTRIC FIELDS ON SEED-BORNE MICROORGANISMS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps67-006 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 39-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

W. L. Seaman ◽

V. R. Wallen

Keyword(s):

Radio Frequency ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽

Similar Treatment ◽

Diaporthe Phaseolorum ◽

Radio Frequency Electric Fields ◽

Cabbage Seed ◽

Ascochyta Pisi ◽

Agar Media ◽

Pea Seeds

Exposure of naturally infected and artificially inoculated seeds to radio-frequency (rf) electric waves of 59 to 64 Mc/sec was of varying effectiveness in eradicating internally borne fungi and bacteria. Diaporthe phaseolorum was eliminated from soybean seeds with little reduction in seed germination. Survival of Ascochyta pisi and A. pinodes (Mycosphaerella pinodes) in field pea seed was greatly reduced by similar treatment, but the fungi were not usually eradicated without appreciable reduction in germination. Germinability of pea seeds was unaffected by increasing the moisture content of the seed to 16% from 10.3%. The A. pinodes content of such seeds, however, was reduced by approximately 50%. Both seed and fungus were more susceptible to damage by rf treatment at the higher moisture level. Bean seed infected with Xanthomonas phaseoli var. fuscans and cabbage seed inoculated with X. campestris were killed by exposures which reduced but did not eradicate the bacteria. Colonies of both xanthomonads on nutrient agar media were destroyed by rf treatment.

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The microbial community associated with pea seeds (Pisum sativum) of different geographical origins

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-021-04856-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Valentine Chartrel ◽

Eric Dugat-Bony ◽

Anne-Sophie Sarthou ◽

Sophie Huchette ◽

Pascal Bonnarme ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Pea Seeds

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β-Amyrin Synthase1 Controls the Accumulation of the Major Saponins Present in Pea (Pisum sativum)

Plant and Cell Physiology ◽

10.1093/pcp/pcab049 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vanessa Vernoud ◽

Ludivine Lebeigle ◽

Jocelyn Munier ◽

Julie Marais ◽

Myriam Sanchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Bitter Taste ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Functional Protein ◽

Saponin Biosynthesis ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Pea Seed

Abstract The use of pulses as ingredients for the production of food products rich in plant proteins is increasing. However, protein fractions prepared from pea or other pulses contain significant amounts of saponins, glycosylated triterpenes which can impart an undesirable bitter taste when used as an ingredient in foodstuffs. In this paper, we describe the identification and characterization of a gene involved in saponin biosynthesis during pea seed development, by screening mutants obtained from two Pisum sativum TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) populations in two different genetic backgrounds. The mutations studied are located in a gene designated PsBAS1 (β-amyrin synthase1) which is highly expressed in maturing pea seeds and which encodes a protein previously shown to correspond to an active β-amyrin synthase. The first allele is a nonsense mutation, while the second mutation is located in a splice site and gives rise to a mis-spliced transcript encoding a truncated, non-functional protein. The homozygous mutant seeds accumulated virtually no saponin without affecting seed nutritional or physiological quality. Interestingly, BAS1 appears to control saponin accumulation in all other tissues of the plant examined. These lines represent a first step in the development of pea varieties lacking bitterness off-flavours in their seeds. Our work also shows that TILLING populations in different genetic backgrounds represent valuable genetic resources for both crop improvement and functional genomics.

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Proximate and mineral composition of field peas

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p96-059 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 101-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. D. Warkentin ◽

A. G. Sloan ◽

S. T. Ali-Khan

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Key Words ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Total Protein ◽

Field Pea ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Proximate And Mineral Composition

Field pea seeds from 10 cultivars grown at two locations in Manitoba in 1986 and 1987 were analyzed for proximate and mineral profiles. Cultivars differed significantly in their level of total protein, crude fat, ADF, and all minerals tested. However, differences were not extremely large and were comparable to European reports. Location-year also had a significant effect on the levels of total protein, ADF, and all minerals tested. In most cases, the warmest location-year produced relatively higher levels of minerals, ash, and total protein, and lower seed yield than the coolest location-year. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum L., mineral

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Feeding stem–leaf–pod explants of pea (Pisum sativum L.) with d-chiro-inositol or d-pinitol modifies composition of α-d-galactosides in developing seeds

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s096025851000022x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 213-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lesław B. Lahuta ◽

Wojciech Święcicki ◽

Tomasz Dzik ◽

Ryszard J. Górecki ◽

Marcin Horbowicz

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Soluble Carbohydrates ◽

Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽

Developing Seeds ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Low Levels ◽

Stem Leaf

AbstractFeeding stem–leaf–pod explants with d-chiro-inositol and d-pinitol was used as a method to modify α-d-galactosides in developing pea (Pisum sativum) seeds. Four genotypes differing in the composition of raffinose, stachyose and verbascose (raffinose family oligosaccharides or RFOs) in seeds – high RFOs (cv. Tiny), low RFOs (SZD175) and low verbascose (cv. Hubal and cv. Wt 506) – were studied. Although seeds of all examined pea lines were able to take up both d-chiro-inositol and d-pinitol, only d-chiro-inositol was effectively converted into its galactosides: mainly fagopyritol B1 (O-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-d-chiro-inositol) and fagopyritol B2 (O-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-O-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-d-chiro-inositol). In seeds of pea lines naturally containing low levels of verbascose (cv. Hubal) and low RFOs (SZD175), the enhanced accumulation of fagopyritols depressed the RFO level by c. 64 and 20%, respectively. Moreover, in both genotypes, about 25 and 30% of total galactose bound in α-d-galactosides occurred in fagopyritols. d-Pinitol present in the pea seeds was converted into monogalactosides, but their accumulation was several-fold lower than that of fagopyritols and did not significantly influence the accumulation of RFOs. Pea seeds with the composition of soluble carbohydrates modified by feeding with either of the cyclitols were able to complete germination.

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The diversity of fungi colonizing necrotic inflorescence buds of rhododendron (Rhododendron L.)

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2013.025 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 79-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Małgorzata Żołna ◽

Barbara Kierpiec-Baran ◽

Maria Kowalik

Keyword(s):

Dominant Species ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Lower Number ◽

Botanical Species ◽

Fusarium Poae ◽

Identification Of Fungi ◽

Improved Cultivars ◽

Genetically Determined

The infection of rhododendron (Rhododendron L.) inflorescence buds caused by pathogenic fungi induces its browning, withering, and dieback. The identification of fungi causing the infection of rhododendron inflorescence buds can be a reason for creating new improved cultivars with genetically determined resistance to pathogens. The investigations were carried out in 2010–2011 on the collection of ornamental plants of the Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków. The material comprised infected inflorescence buds collected from nine newly bred taxa and one botanical species of rhododendron. 596 colonies of fungi belonging to 31 species were isolated from infected rhododendron inflorescence buds. The dominant species were: Pestalotiopsis sydowiana, Truncatella truncata, Alternaria alternata, Phialophora asteris, and Trichoderma viride, which constituted almost 74% of the isolated fungi population. Boeremia exigua var. exigua, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium poae, Mammaria echinobotryoides, Paraphoma chrysanthemicola, Phialophora cyclaminis, Phoma eupyrena, Talaromyces wortmannii, Umbelopsis isabellina, and other fungi were isolated in a lower number.The results of mycological analysis confirm the diversity of species colonizing necrotic inflorescence buds of rhododendron..

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