scholarly journals Remarks to the ecology of the boreo-montane polypore Amylocystis lapponica based on data from the Czech Republic and Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Jan Holec ◽  
Tomáš Kučera
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Virgin Forest

In the Czech Republic, the rare polypore <em>Amylocystis lapponica</em> continuously occurs in the Boubínský prales virgin forest (southern Bohemia: Šumava Mts.) where it has been documented for more than 60 years. Similarly, in Poland it has been known only from the Puszcza Białowieska virgin forest (northeastern Poland) for more than 50 years. Generally, it is considered a species of boreal coniferous forests of northern Europe (taiga) and montane coniferous forests in Central and Southern Europe. However, the data from the Czech Republic, Slovakia and western Ukraine show that it also grows in mixed montane forests composed mainly of <em>Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies</em> and <em>Abies alba</em>. In Poland, the locality is situated in a lowland forest consisting mostly of <em>Carpinus betulus, Quercus robur</em> and <em>Tilia cordata</em>. In Central Europe, <em>A. lapponica</em> occurs only in virgin forest refuges with the following habitat conditions: vegetation continuity (never cut), natural tree species composition, multi-aged structure, rich presence of dead wood in various stages of decay, relatively large area of the virgin forest surrounded by near-natural forests, stable, cold and humid meso- and microclimate. Consequently, <em>A. lapponica</em> may be considered an indicator of long-term vegetation continuity and stable habitat conditions.

Extensive forest management contributes to maintain suitable habitat characteristics for the endangered Atlantic-Gaspésie caribou

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Audrey Nadeau Fortin ◽  
Luc Sirois ◽  
Martin-Hugues St-Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Forest Practices ◽  
Partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Conservation Of Endangered Species

Extensive forest management aims at minimizing differences between managed and natural forests and at contributing to the conservation of endangered species such as the Atlantic-Gaspésie caribou. The decline of this isolated population was exacerbated by intensive forest practices, as the over-representation of regenerating forests supports high densities of bears and coyotes. These predators select such stands for the high availability of berries and browse suitable to alternative prey, especially moose. Our objective was to verify whether extensive treatments can provide suitable habitat characteristics for caribou. We compared the impacts of different intensive and extensive treatments on habitat attributes known to be selected by caribou, moose, and their predators. We sampled 291 sites in seven treatments and in mature coniferous forests (as the control). A partial canonical correspondence analysis highlighted which treatments maintain habitat attributes that are comparable with those found in mature forests, including some characteristics suitable for caribou such as a substantial biomass of arboreal lichen and a lower availability of resources for predators. Although being more suitable than the three intensive treatments tested, none of the four extensive treatments we studied provided similar habitat conditions to mature forest. Favouring extensive treatments could nevertheless be a relevant conservation compromise at the forest stand level, but their utility remains uncertain under the maximum sustainable yield paradigm as they impact a larger area.

scholarly journals Coppice-with-standards in floodplain forests – a new subject for nature protection

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Machar
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Floodplain Forests ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Final State ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
Coppice With Standards

: At present, the coppice-with-standards system has become so rare in floodplain forests that it is considered a natural monument. In 1990, the coppice-with-standards system was not recorded in the territory of the Czech Republic. This state contradicts the increasing interest of nature protection organizations in the relict remainders of the coppice-with-standards system, which is to be considered the closest to naturally preserved lowland forest type, and is, therefore, recommended as the final state of the biocentres and biocorridors in today’s floodplain forests. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the inventory dealing with the present occurrence of the coppice-with-standards system in the floodplain forest of the Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area (PLA) in a historical context.

Long-term behaviour of 137Cs in spruce bark in coniferous forests in the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 511-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Rulík ◽  
Helena Pilátová ◽  
Ivan Suchara ◽  
Julie Sucharová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spruce Bark

Variability of Abies alba-dominated forests in Central Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-518
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Świerkosz ◽  
Kamila Reczyńska ◽  
Karel Boublík
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Ecological Analysis ◽  
R Software ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Alps

AbstractUsing vegetation databases from Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria, Slovakia and our own material collected during a field work, we have analysed the variability of species composition of Abies alba-dominated communities in Central Europe. Analysis was performed using a modified TWINSPAN algorithm in the JUICE software. Ecological analysis was performed on the basis of mean Ellenberg indicator values with a MoPeT_v1.0.r script prepared in R software. In general, the findings indicated that there are at least 8 types of Central European silver fir-dominated forests with different patterns in species composition and habitat conditions. These are the oligotrophic subcontinental silver fir forests of the Polish highlands, oligotrophic (sub)montane silver fir forest, hygrophilous silver fir forests, oligo-mesotrophic (sub)montane silver fir forests, mesotrophic (sub)montane silver fir forests, submontane and montane calcicolous silver fir forests of the Alps and the Carpathians, eutrophic silver fir-beech forests and silver fir ravine forests. The main conclusion is that the diversity of species composition of Abies alba-dominated forests in Central Europe is lower than described in current regional synthesis, which was confirmed by ecological analyses.

scholarly journals Potential Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Self-Sufficient Residential Use in Germany and the Czech Republic

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ramirez Camargo ◽  
Felix Nitsch ◽  
Katharina Gruber ◽  
Javier Valdes ◽  
Jane Wuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Total System ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Large Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

Independence from the power grid can be pursued by achieving total self-sufficient electricity supply. Such an energy supply model might be particularly interesting for settlements located in rural areas where enough space is available for energy generation installations. This article evaluates how and at what cost electricity demand of residential users across Germany and the Czech Republic could be covered by hybrid renewable energy generation systems consisting of photovoltaics, micro-generation wind turbines and batteries. High-resolution reanalysis data are used to calculate necessary system sizes over a large area by simultaneously accounting for the temporal variability of renewable energy. For every potential location in the research area, the hybrid system requirements for clusters of 50 self-sufficient single-family houses are calculated. The results indicate no general trend regarding the size of the respective technologies, although larger areas where PV-wind power complementarity enables lowering the total system costs and required storage capacities were determined. Assuming that the cluster of households could be constituted and depending on the location, the total installation and operation costs for the proposed systems for a lifetime of 20 years range between EUR 1.8 Million and EUR 5 Million without considering costs of financing. Regions with the lowest costs were identified mainly in the south of Germany.

scholarly journals Sustainable management of mountain forests in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vacek ◽  
V. Balcar
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
The Czech Republic

Forest management in the Czech Republic (CR) was not shaped in the environment of natural forests but in the territory that was influenced by unregulated felling and animal grazing for a long time. Hence the fear for sustainable and balanced benefits from forests endangered by long-term uncontrolled exploitation was legitimate. Almost after three centuries of application of the sustainability principle, forests are considered not only as a source of renewable wood raw material but also as a tool of the environment formation. Mountain forests are an important landscape component of this country. They are an object of specific importance from the aspect of natural environment conservation, stabilization of natural processes and general landscape homeostasis. In addition, they fulfil a number of production and non-production functions. Cardinal elements of sustainable forest management in the CR conditions are as follows: management of the forest as an ecosystem, i.e. transition from exclusive care of forest tree species and their stands to care of the whole forest ecosystems; restructuring (conversion, reconstruction) of damaged and declining forests; optimum (species, genetic, spatial, age) structure of forest ecosystems differentiated according to site conditions and management targets; differentiated transition from general management to group or individual methods; utilization and support of spontaneous processes such as natural regeneration, competition and other principles of self-regulation. The above cardinal elements of sustainable forest management are applicable to forests of the CR in general, but their importance considerably increases in mountain forests where many species survive on the margin of subsistence. Moreover, mountain forests of CR have been heavily destroyed by anthropogenic factors, especially air-pollution ecological stresses, during the last three or four decades.

scholarly journals New records of Vertigo moulinsiana (Gastropoda: Vertiginidae) and notes on its distribution and habitats in the Czech Republic

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Luboš Beran
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
River Basin ◽  
New Records ◽  
Large Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spring Fens ◽  
Southern Moravia ◽  
Bohemian Cretaceous Basin ◽  
White Carpathians

Vertigo moulinsiana (Dupuy, 1849) was found in 2003–2005 in Northern Bohemia (Czech Republic) at 11 sites. All these sites are situated on floodplains of smaller streams in a sandstone area. The known occurrence of this endangered relict in the Czech Republic is concentrated in three areas – a large area of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, a floodplain near villages Břežany and Božice (Dyje River Basin) in Southern Moravia and small, isolated, treeless fens in the White Carpathians (Bílé Karpaty Mts.). The principal habitats where V. moulinsiana lives in the Czech Republic are sedge marshes, Typha swamps, reed swamps (with Carex spp.), alder carrs (also with Carex spp.) and tufa-forming spring fens.

scholarly journals Gap regeneration and dynamics: the case study of mixed forests at Křtiny in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Maame Esi Hammond ◽  
Radek Pokorný ◽  
Lumír Dobrovolný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Gap Regeneration

Abstract Gap regeneration remains the best silviculture technique for sustainable forest regeneration in mixed forests. The study examined tree species composition, diversity and dynamics of natural regeneration in gaps under three contrasting forest stands at Křtiny in the Czech Republic. In spring 2013, experimental gap design begins, when semi-permanent 1 m2 circular sub-sampling plots along North-South-East-West transects were delineated under 6 selected natural canopy openings ≤ 20 m2. In winter 2013/14, these naturally originated openings were artificially enlarged to the current gap sizes ranging between 255 and 1149 m2 through group felling. Natural regeneration in gaps was measured four times: from the growing season before disturbance (BD) in 2013 to the next three consecutive growing seasons after disturbance in 2014 – 2016, respectively. Seven (7) new species with light demanding growth strategy that were previously not present at mother stands were occurring there during the first growing season after disturbance (FGS), yielding the highest taxa (14 species) and diversity (Shannon diversity index, H = 1.7) while BD attained the lowest (8 species; H = 0.9), respectively. Study site being part of Fagus sylvatica vegetation community and providing favorable natural conditions for the optimal growth of Picea abies significantly explains the regeneration dominance of these species in gap regeneration from BD until the third growing season after disturbance (TGS), respectively. Small scale gap-disturbance contributed to the higher regeneration densities of all studied species during FGS. However, drought, competition from other life forms, and browsing activities substantially caused a progressive decline in natural regeneration during three consecutive years after disturbance.

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