scholarly journals Aging, Agency, and Self-Efficacy: A Phenomenological Case Study of an Older Couple

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
The Right ◽  
Phenomenological Case Study

Researchers have found that the majority of older individuals want to remain in their own home as they age. However, respecting the right of older individuals to exert control over their life while ensuring their safety can be a difficult undertaking to achieve. The aim of this research was to understand the lived experiences of an older couple who are in cognitive decline but are trying to maintain personal agency. The issue was studied using Bandura’s agency and self-efficacy theories as the theoretical framework. A phenomenological case study methodology was used. Participants were selected using a purposeful sampling strategy, and the sample was four individuals (father, mother, daughter, and grandson) from one family living at two separate residences. Data were collected using a mixed-methods approach. Qualitative data were collected by interviewing participants, and quantitative data were collected by administering a standardized cognitive assessment to the older individuals. Results indicated that the older couple were able to live independently because of the presence of the following five components: (a) adequate physical health; (b) adequate cognition, especially in the areas of memory and problem solving; (c) self-efficacy beliefs; (d) coping strategies to compensate for the declines in physical health and cognition due to aging; and (e) a support system to help the couple with activities they could no longer do on their own. In this study, each of the older individuals believed they could take care of themselves and wanted to live on their own. Independent living was only possible with significant assistance from family members.

scholarly journals Roles, relationships and emotions: Student teachers’ understanding of feedback as interpersonal

2021 ◽  
pp. 003452372198937
Author(s):  
Caroline Elbra-Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
First Year ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Undergraduate Programme ◽  
Phenomenological Case Study ◽  
International Teacher

This paper reports the findings of a small-scale study seeking to investigate how student teachers, within a three-year undergraduate programme, understand feedback. Feedback has been central to debates and discussion in the assessment literature in recent years. Hence, in this paper, feedback is positioned within the often-contradictory discourses of assessment, including perspectives on student and teacher feedback. The study focused on two first year undergraduate student teachers at a small university in England and considered the relationships between their understanding of feedback as a student, their understanding of feedback as an emerging teacher, and the key influences shaping these understandings. A phenomenological case study methodology was employed with interviews as the prime method of data collection. Themes emerged as part of an Nvivo analysis, including emotional responses, relationships and dialogue, all of which appear to have impacted on the students’ conceptual understanding of feedback as indelibly shaped by its interpersonal and affective, rather than purely cognitive or ideational, dimensions. The paper therefore seeks to contribute to the wider feedback discourse by offering an analysis of empirical data. Although situated within English teacher education, there are tentative conclusions that are applicable to international teacher education and as well as higher education more generally.

scholarly journals “Living Well” After Burn Injury: Using Case Reports to Illustrate Significant Contributions From the Burn Model System Research Program

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen J Carrougher ◽  
Kara McMullen ◽  
Dagmar Amtmann ◽  
Audrey E Wolfe ◽  
Diana Tenney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Model System ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Personal Benefit ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Burn Model System (BMS) program of research has been funded since 1993 by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR). The overarching aim of this program is to improve outcomes and quality of life for people with burns in the areas of health and function, employment, and community living and participation. This review reports on BMS contributions that have affected the lives of individuals with a significant burn injury using case reports to associate BMS contributions with recovery. In January 2020, current BMS grantee researchers assessed peer-reviewed BMS publications from 1994 to 2020. Using case report methodology, contributions were linked to three individuals treated at one of the four Burn Model System institutions. With over 25 years of NIDILRR funding, unique BMS contributions to patient recovery were identified and categorized into one of several domains: treatment, assessment measures, sequelae, peer support, employment, and long-term functional outcomes. A second review for significant results of BMS research that add to the understanding of burn injury, pathophysiology, and recovery research was identified and categorized as injury recovery research. The case study participants featured in this review identified select NIDILRR research contributions as having direct, personal benefit to their recovery. The knowledge generation and clinical innovation that this research program has contributed to our collective understanding of recovery after burn injury is considerable. Using case study methodology with three adult burn survivors, we highlight the impact and individual significance of program findings and reinforce the recognition that the value of any clinical research must have relevance to the lives of the study population.

Comparing family and nonfamily candidates for promotion: manager selection at Acme Lumber

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Perry ◽  
Nancy Bereman
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manager Selection ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
The Right

Synopsis Ned Piper needs to improve the performance of Acme Lumber’s Broken Arrow store. There are two candidates for the store manager’s position, Larry Frazier and Chip Farmer. Larry has worked for Acme for 35 years in a variety of positions and is related to the Johnson family who has owned and managed Acme for three generations. Chip has worked for Acme for 19 years and has successfully helped to turn around another store. Chip is not related to the Johnsons. Ned is feeling pressure from the business and family to make the right decision. Which candidate should he select to become a manager? Research methodology The authors used a case study methodology. Relevant courses and levels Human resources, selection, staffing, and family business management. Theoretical bases Socioemotional wealth perspective, and agency theory.

scholarly journals Are Avoidance Goals the Right Prescription For a Pandemic? A COVID-19 Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
Geoffrey V. Henderson ◽  
Andrew J. Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
Avoidance Goals ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Health And Well Being

Background: Motivation scientists study goals, self-regulatory tools that are used to help people approach or avoid objects of desire or disdain. Purpose: Using these tools, motivation science can offer insights to guide behaviour and help individuals maintain optimal health and well-being during pandemics, including COVID-19. Results: Avoidance goals help guide behaviour away from negative objects like COVID-19, and are necessary in situations where survival is at stake. Formulating the goal of avoiding COVID-19 is therefore recommended during the pandemic. However, avoidance goals have inherent limitations, in that they tax one’s energy and well-being. To minimize these costs, the pursuit of approach sub-goals may be recommended, such as increasing social connection online or exercising outdoors (particularly prior to widespread vaccination). Conclusion: Adhering to the goal of avoiding COVID-19 prevents infection and saves lives when safe and effective vaccines and treatments are lacking. But avoidance goals have known costs that must be acknowledged and addressed. One solution is to pair avoidance goals with approach sub-goals to bolster mental and physical health while adhering to the ultimate goal of avoiding COVID-19, viral variants, and future contagions. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0304-7 Full Text: PDF

Green sukuk – Malaysia surviving the bumpy road: performance, challenges and reconciled issuance framework

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Keshminder ◽  
Mohammad Syafiq Abdullah ◽  
Marina Mardi
Keyword(s):  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Observer Error ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
The Right ◽  
Performance Challenges

Purpose Green sukuk is a tool to finance climate change which has garnered considerable attention. However, having only recently come into existence has its own set of challenges for this tool that require immediate identification and government intervention to intensify its growth. This study aims to explore the challenges encountered by green sukuk issuers and the structure of a reconciled green sukuk issuance framework to speed up the market’s growth with the right interventions. Design/methodology/approach The study engaged a qualitative approach via multiple case study interviews with green sukuk issuers and used expert views for data triangulation to generate the findings. A total of four green sukuk issuers participated in the interviews, and for data triangulation purposes, four expert’s opinions and views were considered. The thematic analysis technique is used to report the findings. Findings It was revealed that amongst the challenges encountered in the green sukuk market are shoddy green taxonomy, difficulty in identifying green assets, it is time-consuming and costly, no compelling benefits and exposure to higher-risk profiles. Research limitations/implications This study may be influenced by observer error and observer bias. However, the researchers have taken cautious steps to overcome these issues by following strict case study methodology procedures and triangulating the qualitative research findings with views from green sukuk experts. These interventions increased the rigour and trustworthiness of the results. Originality/value This study is amongst the pioneer in Malaysia, exploring challenges in the green sukuk market. The results are relevant to governments, regulators, institutions and central banks to structure the right interventions to counter the challenges. Greater government involvement is required to strengthen the green sukuk market and to spearhead the green agenda.

scholarly journals Sampling in Qualitative Research: Insights from an Overview of the Methods Literature

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Gentles ◽  
Cathy Charles ◽  
Jenny Ploeg ◽  
K. Ann McKibbon
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Research Traditions ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Theoretical Sampling

The methods literature regarding sampling in qualitative research is characterized by important inconsistencies and ambiguities, which can be problematic for students and researchers seeking a clear and coherent understanding. In this article we present insights about sampling in qualitative research derived from a systematic methods overview we conducted of the literature from three research traditions: grounded theory, phenomenology, and case study. We identified and selected influential methods literature from each tradition using a purposeful and transparent procedure, abstracted textual data using structured abstraction forms, and used a multistep approach for deriving conclusions from the data. We organize the findings from this review into eight topic sections corresponding to the major domains of sampling identified in the review process: definitions of sampling, usage of the term sampling strategy, purposeful sampling, theoretical sampling, sampling units, saturation, sample size, and the timing of sampling decisions. Within each section we summarize how the topic is characterized in the corresponding literature, present our comparative analysis of important differences among research traditions, and offer analytic comments on the findings for that topic. We identify several specific issues with the available guidance on certain topics, representing opportunities for future methods authors to improve our collective understanding.

scholarly journals A COVID-19 Multipurpose Platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Nikos Petrellis
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Information ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Audio Processing ◽  
The Right ◽  
Medical Protocols ◽  
Different Sources

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Contactless symptom tracking is essential for the diagnosis of COVID-19 cases that need hospitalization. Indications from sensors and user descriptions have to be combined in order to make the right decisions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The proposed multipurpose platform Coronario combines sensory information from different sources for a valid diagnosis following a dynamically adaptable protocol. The information exchanged can also be exploited for the advancement of research on COVID-19. The platform consists of mobile and desktop applications, sensor infrastructure, and cloud services. It may be used by patients in pre- and post-hospitalization stages, vulnerable populations, medical practitioners, and researchers. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The supported audio processing is used to demonstrate how the Coronario platform can assist research on the nature of COVID-19. Cough sounds are classified as a case study, with 90% accuracy. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusions:</i></b> The dynamic adaptation to new medical protocols is one of the main advantages of the developed platform, making it particularly useful for several target groups of patients that require different screening methods. A medical protocol determines the structure of the questionnaires, the medical sensor sampling strategy and, the alert rules.

Self-efficacy is a story: teachers’ possible selves in a pandemic world

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Narayanan ◽  
Jill Ordynans
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Possible Selves ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Future Selves ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Teacher Self Efficacy ◽  
Survey Responses

Purpose A The purpose of this study was to better understand how teachers find agency in challenging circumstances. The authors sought to investigate this by examining the developing self-efficacy beliefs of teachers over time. Design/methodology/approach A longitudinal multi-case study methodology is used to investigate the stories of three new teachers over a two-year period spanning the onset of the pandemic. Narrative and thematic analysis was used to identify themes and trends. This was supplemented by teacher self-efficacy survey responses. Findings Teacher self-efficacy is a story that teachers build as they find what is possible. This story is informed by shifting conceptions of possible future selves as teachers interpret the challenges around them. These mutually reinforcing and fluid narratives shape teachers’ developing identities as they find agency during a changing reality. Originality/value Qualitative and case studies of self-efficacy are rare. Our study explores the context and thinking behind individual teacher beliefs at the time of a global pandemic. We offer a unique look at how teachers make sense of agency and possibilities under conditions of change.

scholarly journals An Analysis of High School Student's Understanding and Reasoning of Average Concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-201
Author(s):  
Özlem Engin, Alaattin Pusmaz
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Creative Reasoning ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Mathematics Knowledge ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study is to identify high school student's understanding of average concept and the reasoning types they appeal to solve average problems. The case study approach was used in this study and the participants were selected by purposeful sampling. The participants consisted of five 9th grade and four 10th grade students, studying at a high school in Istanbul. In order to identify student's understanding of average, a test consisting of 5 open-ended problems were used and semi-structured interviews were held with each of the students. The data were analyzed by thematic analysis approach. For data analysis, framework proposed by Mokros and Russel (1995) was used to determine student's understanding of average and Lithner's (2008) framework was used to reveal their reasoning types. Results showed that students mostly understood average as mathematical point of balance. Creative mathematically founded reasoning and algorithmic reasoning was used the most. Creative reasoning is effective in reaching the right answer. In solutions where creative reasoning is used, students generally also have the idea of representativeness. The type of problem influences the reasoning process. Inadequacy of student's prior mathematics knowledge hinders both their understanding of the average and their reasoning skills.

A Research Note on the Hierarchy of Obligations among Informal Carers – A Response to Finch and Mason

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazel Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Normative Beliefs ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Informative Case ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Informal Carers ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Finch and Mason (1990) have recently referred to various articles, by myself and others, concerning the hierarchy of obligations among network members, in relation to decision-making about the provision of practical help to elderly people. In their fascinating and informative case study, Finch and Mason argue that this hierarchy is best viewed as a normative belief which influences negotiation within families, rather than as a way of predicting people's behaviour in practice. I would argue that the question of the relationship between ‘statistical’ norms of behaviour (i.e. what most people do), and normative beliefs (i.e. what people think is the right thing to do), is a question open to empirical investigation. Certainly, it would be a misuse of case study methodology to suggest that failure to adhere to the hierarchy in one particular instance could be advanced as proof that it did not reflect a norm of behaviour. Statistical norms are never deterministic in individual cases, but it may still be possible to predict what the majority of people will do.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document