THE PROBLEM OF ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF AGRICULTURAL INCOME IN EUROPEAN UNION

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (5) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henryk Runowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
On Farm

The aim of the study was to identify the problems of using different methods of measuring agricultural income and the resulting assessments. The system used by the European Union to measure farmers’ incomes is imperfect. The concept of measuring farm incomes is criticized. There are mentioned, among others no statistics on farm incomes, including both farm income and non-farm income. The Common Agricultural Policy strives to ensure an adequate standard of living for the rural population, i.e. the level of disposable income on the farm. The question is, what is the right level? This is largely determined by the level of social labor productivity attained in agriculture and the income derived from agriculture to the income generated outside of it by occupational groups attaining similar labor productivity. Only in this state makes sense to refer to the need to ensure income parity in agriculture and out of this sector.

The Right to Healthcare in the Common European Asylum System

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-156
Author(s):  
Marco Inglese
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Common European Asylum System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Interpretative Approach ◽  
The Right

Abstract This article seeks to ascertain the role of healthcare in the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). The article is structured as follows. First, it outlines the international conceptualisation of healthcare in the International Covenant of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the European Social Charter (ESC) before delving into the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Second, focusing on the European Union (EU), it analyses the role of Article 35 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the Charter) in order to verify its impact on the development of the CEAS. Third, and in conclusion, it will argue that the identification of the role of healthcare in the CEAS should be understood in light of the Charter’s scope of application. This interpretative approach will be beneficial for asylum seekers and undocumented migrants, as well as for the Member States (MSs).

scholarly journals The competences of European Union institutions in the trade policy (Lisbon Treaty)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Timbur
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Lisbon Treaty ◽  
International Negotiation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
External Relations ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Trade ◽  
The Impact

The European Union is the best known at the world’s leading trade power and the common trade policy is the core of EU external relations. The events of the last years and the extension of the EU to 27 member proved that the functioning system could no longer continue and was requiring a new institutional framework. The Lisbon Treaty was the right solution. It purposes are to bring changes for the citizens, institutions, external relations foe the consolidation of democracy in EU. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the major revisions introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon regarding the trade policy. Also, it analyses the extension and clarification of EU competence, the greater role of the European Parliament and the inclusion of investment policy in trade policy, the voting rules in trade area and the international negotiation of trade agreements. The study describes, as well, the impact of Lisbon Treaty implementation on the MS which are independent nations, but without power of decision in the common trade policy.

scholarly journals Harmonising Accessibility in the EU Single Market: Challenges for Making the European Accessibility Act Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-102
Author(s):  
Anna Katarzyna Drabarz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
The Eu

In the last decade, accessibility has become a buzzword not only among actors of the civil society advocating for the rights of persons with disabilities but also among the legislators in the European Union. The EU has adopted a series of binding regulations aiming at approximating the common understanding of accessibility and Member States’ approach to operationalising the right. Being part of EU harmonised law, the European Accessibility Act has already been considered a milestone in the process. The choice of an approach / approaches will decide about a success of its transposition into Member States legal systems.

The Concepts of Non-Domination and Justification in EU Security-Related Context

2019 ◽  
pp. 265-292
Author(s):  
Ester Herlin-Karnell
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Common Term ◽  
Legal Model ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Republican Theory ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the implications of a non-domination oriented view for understanding EU security regulation. It asks how the non-domination template fits the constitutional legal model, and what it adds for the understanding of the establishment of an ‘Area of Freedom, Security and Justice’ in the specific case of the European Union. The concept of non-domination is commonly seen as one of the most central concepts in republican theory. Therefore, this chapter looks at the relationship between coercion, which is the common term in legal vocabulary for describing force, and the concept of domination in political theory as such. It also discusses the implications of non-arbitrariness and the right to justification in a new security-related context. Specifically, this chapter links the question of security regulation to the longstanding debate in political theory on the connection between freedom and non-domination and to the constitutional debate on the formation of security regulation in Europe.

scholarly journals THE INCOME SITUATION IN AGRICULTURE AFTER POLAND ENTERED THE EUROPEAN UNION

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Magdalena Golonko ◽  
Marcin Wysokiński ◽  
Arkadiusz Gromada ◽  
Paulina Trębska ◽  
Radim Lenort
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
The Common ◽  
Full Time Employee ◽  
Research Period

The main purpose of the article was to assess Poland’s income situation in agriculture after the country acceded to the European Union. The analysis included, among others, changes in agricultural income per full-time employee and a comparison of household income of farmers and other professional groups. The sources of the materials were data from the Eurostat and CSO databases. The research period covered the years 2005–2018. The real income of the agricultural population in the analyzed period showed an upward trend but was still lower not only than the national average, but also the income of households of employees. Financial resources transferred from direct payments and structural funds under the Common Agricultural Policy had a significant impact on the improvement of the income situation of farmers.

scholarly journals Freedom of movement for persons in the European Union Law

2003 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-88
Author(s):  
Zaklina Novicic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
The Common ◽  
Free Movement Of Persons ◽  
The Right

In this article the author analyses the evolution of complex corpus of legislation concerning the freedom of movement for persons in European Union Law. The article deals with the subject in two aspects: the first part of the analysis considers the conceptual development of free movement of persons by way of deliberation of building-up the authority of Union in that area, and the second part analyses the contents of the right of the Union citizens to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member State. The freedom of movement for people includes the right of Union citizens to enter, move and reside in another Member State and, in that context prohibition of any discrimination based on nationality. Conceived originally as primarily an economic phenomenon, the free movement of persons was closely linked to the pursuit of an occupation. It was the mobility of human resources as a factor of production, which inspired the chapters of the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (1957) relating to the free movement of workers, freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services. In that sense, freedom of movement is a part of a wider concept, that of the common/internal market. Since then, through the combined effect of secondary legislation and the case law of the Court of Justice, the concept has been broadened and it tends, from the Maastricht Treaty (1992), to form one of the fundamental and individual rights of Union citizens generally. Also, the amendments of EEC Treaty, which were made by the Single European Act (1985) and specially by the Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) and the Treaty of Nice (2001), have formalised the external aspect of freedom of movement. Namely, it was recognised that freedom of movement for persons could not take place at the expense of security, protection against crime and illegal immigration. The abolition of internal controls has generated the need of the transferring checks to the external frontiers of the Union and, in this connection, the gradual establishment of an area of freedom, security and justice. In the first part of the article the author presents and analyses the development of the Union power in the policies of freedom of movement: in facilitating of free movement of people as a principle of the common/internal/single market, in achievement of the right to free movement for Union citizens, and also in the fields related to the external aspect of freedom of movement, or, actually, the issues pertaining to visas, asylum and immigration. The second part presents the specific contents of freedom of movement for persons that consists of the corpus of individual rights enjoyed by Union citizens on the territories of EU Member States that are not countries of their origin. These are the right to entry and residence and the right to engagement in gainful activity as well as the related social rights. This part of the article also explores the freedom of movement restriction regime as well as the corresponding Union legislation in preparation.

scholarly journals Small-scale fisheries access to fishing opportunities in the European Union: Is the Common Fisheries Policy the right step to SDG14b?

Marine Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 104009
Author(s):  
Alicia Said ◽  
Jose Pascual-Fernández ◽  
Vanessa Iglésias Amorim ◽  
Mathilde Højrup Autzen ◽  
Troels Jacob Hegland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Fisheries Policy ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right
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