scholarly journals USING SENSORY TOOL HOLDER DATA FOR OPTIMIZING PRODUCTION PROCESSES

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Paul SCHÖRGHOFER ◽  
Florian PAUKER ◽  
Norbert LEDER ◽  
Jürgen MANGLER ◽  
Christoph RAMSAUER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Automated Manufacturing ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Tool Failure ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Part C ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ex Post

Today's highly automated manufacturing specifies the service time of a tool in a way that the tooling costs are balanced against the potential costs of a tool failure. However, the potential cost induced by a tool malfunctioning are rather high. Therefore, the current state-of-the art tackles this issue by replacing the tools prematurely at fixed intervals. To tap into the potential of under-utilized tool runtime this work purposes the use of sensory-tool holders and an interfering feedback loop to the machine tool control system. Besides its real-time closed loop control, to avoid tool failure, it also provides data in the context of (a) the work order, (b) the produced part, (c) the NC-block and command line, on (d) specific machines. Based on this data an ex-post analysis to optimize tool-life and productivity scenarios becomes possible, e.g. custom NC-programs for certain work-orders, configurations and machines. Furthermore, downstreamed work steps can be changed e.g. only to measure produced workpieces if abnormal vibrations are reported by in-process-monitoring.

scholarly journals Quantum measurements in continuous time, non-Markovian evolutions and feedback

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1979) ◽  
pp. 5364-5385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Barchielli ◽  
Matteo Gregoratti
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Time ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Quantum Trajectory ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Quantum Properties ◽  
Stochastic Schrödinger Equation ◽  
Level Atom

In this article, we reconsider a version of quantum trajectory theory based on the stochastic Schrödinger equation with stochastic coefficients, which was mathematically introduced in the 1990s, and we develop it in order to describe the non-Markovian evolution of a quantum system continuously measured and controlled, thanks to a measurement-based feedback. Indeed, realistic descriptions of a feedback loop have to include delay and thus need a non-Markovian theory. The theory allows us to put together non-Markovian evolutions and measurements in continuous time, in agreement with the modern axiomatic formulation of quantum mechanics. To illustrate the possibilities of such a theory, we apply it to a two-level atom stimulated by a laser. We introduce closed loop control too, via the stimulating laser, with the aim of enhancing the ‘squeezing’ of the emitted light, or other typical quantum properties. Note that here we change the point of view with respect to the usual applications of control theory. In our model, the ‘system’ is the two-level atom, but we do not want to control its state, to bring the atom to a final target state. Our aim is to control the ‘Mandel Q -parameter’ and the spectrum of the emitted light; in particular, the spectrum is not a property at a single time, but involves a long interval of times (a Fourier transform of the autocorrelation function of the observed output is needed).

Control of an Acoustical Speaker System in a Reverberant Chamber

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-111
Author(s):  
Paul Larkin ◽  
David Smallwood
Keyword(s):  
Random Vibration ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
System Components ◽  
Acoustic Testing

Acoustic testing using commercial sound system components is becoming more popular as a cost effective way of generating the required environment both in and out of a reverberant chamber. This paper will present the development of such a sound system that uses a state-of-the-art random vibration controller to perform closed-loop control in the reverberant chamber at Sandia National Laboratories. Test data will be presented that demonstrates narrow-band controlability, performance and some limitations of commercial sound generation equipment in a reverberant chamber.

Periodic, Multi-Step Tracking Control for a Weather Satellite Scanning Mirror1

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Hal Broberg ◽  
Paul Lin ◽  
Joe Predina
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Control ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Automated Manufacturing ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Pointing Error ◽  
Pointing Accuracy ◽  
Scan Pattern

Weather satellite scan mirror performance often demands high pointing accuracy, rapid reposition times, and low peak power consumption. This work addresses and compares various techniques for optimizing these specific performances when the scan pattern is repetitive. We find that a technique combining open and closed-loop control in a timed sequence can often lead to the lowest pointing error in the shortest time interval while minimizing peak power. The technique applies equally well to applications such as robotics, automated manufacturing or any other electromechanical control system where quick, accurate response is needed while minimizing peak power.

Microassembly via Coordinated Manipulation of Objects Using a Multifingered Micromanipulator

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Pelzmann ◽  
Laxman Saggere
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Open Loop Control ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
On Chip

This paper presents a novel approach to manipulation and assembly of micro-scale objects using a chip-scale multi-fingered micromanipulator, in which multiple, independently controlled compliant fingers coordinate with each other to grasp and manipulate multiple objects simultaneously on-chip. The structural and functional advantages of this multi-fingered micromanipulator in achieving high dexterity in a compact form as compared to other state-of-the-art manipulation tools are discussed. A formulation of the kinematics of the manipulator’s compliant fingers along with two different control strategies including an operator-driven closed-loop control and a semi-autonomous open-loop control for coordinated manipulation and on-chip assembly of micro-scale objects are introduced. Finally, the details of implementation of both control strategies and successful experimental demonstration of manipulations and assembly of two interlocking micro-scale parts with sub-micron mating clearance using the multifingered manipulator are presented.

scholarly journals Pushing NMR sensitivity limits using dynamic nuclear polarization with closed-loop cryogenic helium sample spinning

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 6806-6812 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bouleau ◽  
P. Saint-Bonnet ◽  
F. Mentink-Vigier ◽  
H. Takahashi ◽  
J.-F. Jacquot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Nuclear Polarization ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cryogenic Helium ◽  
Current State ◽  
Nmr Sensitivity

The cooler the better. We report a strategy to push the limits of solid-state NMR sensitivity far beyond its current state-of-the-art.

scholarly journals Learning robust, real-time, reactive robotic grasping

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 183-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Morrison ◽  
Peter Corke ◽  
Jürgen Leitner
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Depth Images ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Grasp Synthesis ◽  
Unseen Objects

We present a novel approach to perform object-independent grasp synthesis from depth images via deep neural networks. Our generative grasping convolutional neural network (GG-CNN) predicts a pixel-wise grasp quality that can be deployed in closed-loop grasping scenarios. GG-CNN overcomes shortcomings in existing techniques, namely discrete sampling of grasp candidates and long computation times. The network is orders of magnitude smaller than other state-of-the-art approaches while achieving better performance, particularly in clutter. We run a suite of real-world tests, during which we achieve an 84% grasp success rate on a set of previously unseen objects with adversarial geometry and 94% on household items. The lightweight nature enables closed-loop control of up to 50 Hz, with which we observed 88% grasp success on a set of household objects that are moved during the grasp attempt. We further propose a method combining our GG-CNN with a multi-view approach, which improves overall grasp success rate in clutter by 10%. Code is provided at https://github.com/dougsm/ggcnn

Indirect Strain Control in Aluminum Stamp Formed Pans

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Emblom
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Smith Predictor ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Blank Holder ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Critical Regions

A stamp forming die whose flexible blank holder (BH) was designed using finite element (FE) analysis was built. The tooling also included active draw beads, local wrinkling sensors, and local force transducers. Wrinkling was controlled using a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) feedback loop and blank holder force (BHF). Local forces in the tooling were also controlled using blank holder forces in a PID feedback loop. A third closed-loop control system that could be used to control local punch forces (LPF) near draw beads featured an advanced PID controller with a Smith Predictor and Kalman Filter. A Bang–bang controller was also incorporated into that control system in order to prevent control saturation. Fuzzy logic was used to transition from one controller to the other. Once closed-loop control was implemented, tests were performed in order to evaluate the strains in the pans for various forming conditions. These results were compared to open-loop tests and it was found that the strains' paths for closed-loop control tests resulted in convergence and were further from the forming limit than strains from open-loop control tests. Furthermore, it was seen that the strains in critical regions had more uniform strain fields once closed-loop control of local punch forces was implemented. Hence, it was concluded that controlling local punch forces resulted in the indirect control of strains in critical regions.

Circular cities

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 2746-2762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Williams
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Resource Security

A circular approach to the way in which we manage the resources consumed and produced in cities – materials, energy, water and land – will significantly reduce the consumption of finite resources globally. It will also help to address urban problems including resource security, waste disposal, greenhouse gas emissions, pollution, heating, drought and flooding. Taking a circular approach can also tackle many other socio-economic problems afflicting cities, for example, providing access to affordable accommodation, expanding and diversifying the economic base, building more engaged and collaborative communities in cities. Thus it has great potential to improve our urban living environments. To date, the industrial ecologists and economists have tended to dominate the circularity debate, focusing on closed-loop industrial systems and circular economy (circular businesses and systems of provision). In this paper I investigate why the current state-of-the-art conceptualisation for circular economy (RESOLVE) is inadequate when applied to a city. Through this critique and a broader review of the literature I identify the principles and components which are lacking from the circular economy (CE) conceptualisation when applied to a city. I then use this to develop my own definition and conceptualisation of a circular approach to urban resource management.

Behavioral Genetics: Concepts for Research and Practice in Language Development and Disorders

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1126-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Gilger
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Future Goals ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Designs

This paper is an introduction to behavioral genetics for researchers and practioners in language development and disorders. The specific aims are to illustrate some essential concepts and to show how behavioral genetic research can be applied to the language sciences. Past genetic research on language-related traits has tended to focus on simple etiology (i.e., the heritability or familiality of language skills). The current state of the art, however, suggests that great promise lies in addressing more complex questions through behavioral genetic paradigms. In terms of future goals it is suggested that: (a) more behavioral genetic work of all types should be done—including replications and expansions of preliminary studies already in print; (b) work should focus on fine-grained, theory-based phenotypes with research designs that can address complex questions in language development; and (c) work in this area should utilize a variety of samples and methods (e.g., twin and family samples, heritability and segregation analyses, linkage and association tests, etc.).

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