ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT WINTER RYE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol XXIII (4) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Marta Wyzińska ◽  
Jerzy Grabiński
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Integrated Technology ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
State Research Institute ◽  
Production Technologies

The aim of the study was to compare the production and economic effects of different winter rye depending on their production technologies. The study was carried out based on the results obtained from a field experiment conducted in two growing seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020). These experiments were conducted in Wielichowo Agricultural Experimental Station, belonging to the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – the State Research Institute in Puławy (Poland). The result of the study was the determination of economic efficiency indicators for two cultivars of winter rye varieties according to production technology The technologies differed in terms of the degree of consumption of means of production. The studies showed a significant influence of production technology intensity on the yields of winter rye cultivars. Intensive technology resulted in a significant increase in grain yield. The tested cultivars yielded higher under intensive production technology. The cultivation of winter rye according to intensive technology compared to integrated technology resulted in a significant increase in grain yield . The grain yield increase for the KWS Vinetto cultivar was 0.13 t/ha, while for the Dańkowskie Granat cultivar 0.20 t/ha. Research showed that the level of production intensity determined the amount of direct costs as well as the profitability of production in a given technology. The compared technologies ensured the profitability of winter rye grain production. Both production technologies ensured the profitability of production of the tested cultivars of winter rye. The most profitable direct profitability index was characteristic for the population cultivar Dańkowskie Granat grown under the integrated technology.

scholarly journals Impact of Genotype, Weather Conditions and Production Technology on the Quantitative Profile of Anti-Nutritive Compounds in Rye Grains

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Jerzy Grabiński ◽  
Alicja Sułek ◽  
Marta Wyzińska ◽  
Kinga Stuper-Szablewska ◽  
Grażyna Cacak-Pietrzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitors ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Two Hybrid

The main anti-nutritive substances present in rye grains include alkylresorcinols, water-soluble pentosans, and trypsin inhibitors. The content of these compounds in the grains can be influenced by genetic factors, habitat conditions and the crop management technology used in cultivation. The aim of the study was to determine the variability of the concentration of anti-nutritive compounds in rye grains depending on the variety, weather conditions and production technology. The field research was conducted at the IUNG-PIB Experimental Station in Osiny (Poland) in three growing seasons 2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. The experiment was located on lessive soil, on plots of 45 m2 in three replications. The first factor was the type of production technology (integrated and intensive), while the second was a variety of winter rye. Two hybrid varieties (Brasetto, Visello) and two population varieties (Dańkowskie Diament, Kier) were included. The research showed that the content of anti-nutritive compounds in rye grains depended significantly on the genotype and weather conditions. Stress conditions during the rye growing season in 2011 and 2013 were the cause of higher synthesis of alkylresorcinols, soluble pentosans and trypsin inhibitors in rye grains. The content of alkylresorcinols and water-soluble pentosans also depended significantly on the intensity of the production technology. The higher content of these compounds was found in rye grains from intensive technology. The production technology had no significant impact on the activity of trypsin inhibitors.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE NITROGEN AND MAGNESIUM FERTILISATION ON YIELD AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF WINTER TRITICALE PRODUCTION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław BIELSKI ◽  
Jan FALKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Production Output ◽  
Set Up

The present investigations were undertaken, in which the winter triticale cultivar Twingo was examined, with the aim of analyzing production output, expressed by grain yield and its structure, as affected by different levels of nitrogen and magnesium fertilisation and assess and compare the economic efficiency of production technologies. This research encompassed the results of a three-year (2013-2015) field experiment conducted at the Research Station in Tomaszkowo near Olsztyn, Poland. The experiment was set up in a random, split-plot design, with four replications. The first order factor was nitrogen fertilisation (kg ha-1): 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150. The second order factor was the level of magnesium fertilisation (kg ha-1): 0 and 5 kg MgSO4∙7H2O. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the grain yield was significantly affected by the year of the trial, nitrogen and magnesium fertilisation, interaction of the first and second factors was not proven. The method based on the standard gross margin (SGM) was used for the economic evaluation of the three production technology differentiated costs levels. Three technologies with the highest, medium and lowest average yields were selected to the comparison. Differences in compared technologies concerned to the date and dose of nitrogen and magnesium fertilisation. Results showed, that increasing intensity of winter triticale technology in the field trial, caused the higher financial yield value of winter triticale, as well as direct costs and direct surplus. The direct surplus was higher by 24.4% between the lowest and the highest winter triticale technologies. The highest yield technology was characterized by the highest profitability.

scholarly journals Justification of the limit of expediency of using potash fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (99) ◽  
pp. 68-80
Author(s):  
G. M. Gospodarenko ◽  
◽  
A. T. Martynyuk ◽  
E. D. Cherno
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Cost

The issues of the recoupment of potash fertilizers are considered, which is one of the most controversial in agronomy, since it is precisely this that determines the need for fertilizers and the economic efficiency of their use. It is shown that the payback of fertilizers is a complex value and not constant in different crops. The increase in yield from fertilizers in kind is taken on the basis of field experiments with fertilizers carried out on podzolized chernozem in the Uman NUS. The cost of the increase in yield from the use of potash fertilizers was determined by the average actual sales prices of products prevailing on the market through various sales channels in the 6th quarter of 2021. collecting a yield increase from potash fertilizers. The cost of potash fertilizer was taken at the current price of 16000 UAH/t with the addition of a margin for their delivery to the farm. The costs for the use of fertilizers on the farm and for collecting the increase in yield were set calculated according to the accepted standards. The difference between the value of the yield increase (YI) and additional costs (AC) gives the net income received from the use of fertilizers. The ratio of the cost of increasing the yield to additional costs shows their payback. On the basis of comparing the indicators YI and AC, the boundaries of the economic efficiency of the use of fertilizers were determined: YI>AC (general expression of the task). The minimum necessary increase in yield from fertilizers and the limits of the increase in prices for potash fertilizers were also calculated. It has been established that at a price for potassium chloride of 16000 UAH /t and the cost of its use in optimal doses for field crops against the background of a balanced nitrogen-phosphorus nutrition, the cost of an increase in yield is 1164–14820 UAH/ ha. Payback (unprofitableness) of 1 kg. potash fertilizers vary in a wide range – from – UAH 18.6 to 104,0, depending on the crop. The limit of the unprofitable price per unit of the active substance of potash fertilizers at the optimal dose of application depends on the crop and is in the range of 6.9–129,5 UAH/ha. With the current disparity in prices for crop products and potassium chloride, its use is unprofitable for winter rye, spring barley, grain sorghum and sugar beet (when applied against a background of 40 t/ha of manure). This is due to the availability of podzolized chernozem with mobile potassium compounds, biological characteristics of crops and technologies for their cultivation.

ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY WITH DIFFERENT INTENSITY LEVELS

2021 ◽  
Vol XXIII (3) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Alicja Sułek ◽  
Grażyna Hołubowicz-Kliza ◽  
Piotr Nieróbca ◽  
Bogusława Jaśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Integrated Technology ◽  
Plant Cultivation

The aim of the study was to compare the productive and economic effects of different production intensities of spring wheat. The study was based on the results of a two-year (2015-2016) field study, conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Osiny, belonging to the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation in Pulawy. Spring wheat cultivars (Arabella and KWS Torridon) were grown using intensive and integrated technologies. The technologies studied differed in the level of mineral fertilization and chemical plant protection. The cultivation of spring wheat of the KWS Torridon cultivar according to intensive technology, as compared with cultivation under conditions of integrated technology, resulted in a significant increase in grain yield by 10.6%, respectively. On the other hand, no effect of production technology was found on the yield of the Arabella cultivar. The research showed that the technology intensity level, determined by inputs of production means, determined the structure of direct costs and profitability of spring wheat cultivars. The compared technologies ensured the profitability of spring wheat grain production. The most advantageous index of direct profitability was recorded for the Arabella cultivar grown under integrated technology.

ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTION FROM DIFFERENT UTILITY GROUPS DEPENDING ON THE INTENSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (2) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
Alicja Sułek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Integrated Technology ◽  
Economic Technology

The aim of the study was to assess the production and economic effects of the cultivation of four cultivars of winter wheat belonging to different utility groups, depending on the production technology. The study was based on the results of the field experiment conducted in the years of 2008-2010. The tested cultivars were: Tonacja, Bogatka, Kris, and Satyna. Among the tested cultivars, the highest grain yield was obtained from Bogatka, lower from Tonacja, while the lowest from Kris and Satyna. The compared technologies ensured the profitability of winter wheat grain production. The highest direct profitability index was found for bread cultivar Bogatka, while the lowest for Satyna. Under intensive technology, additional grain production of bread wheat cultivars Kris and Bogatka was more cost-effective than under economic technology. Under integrated technology, the highest marginal efficiency of grain production was recorded for cv. Bogatka

scholarly journals Rattail fescue (Vulpia myuros) interference and seed production as affected by sowing time and crop density in winter wheat

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Javaid Akhter ◽  
Per Kudsk ◽  
Solvejg Kopp Mathiassen ◽  
Bo Melander
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Field experiments were conducted in the growing seasons of 2017 to 2018 and 2018 to 2019 to evaluate the competitive effects of rattail fescue [Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.] in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and to assess whether delayed crop sowing and increased crop density influence the emergence, competitiveness, and fecundity of V. myuros. Cumulative emergence showed the potential of V. myuros to emerge rapidly and under a wide range of climatic conditions with no effect of crop density and variable effects of sowing time between the two experiments. Grain yield and yield components were negatively affected by increasing V. myuros density. The relationship between grain yield and V. myuros density was not influenced by sowing time or by crop density, but crop–weed competition was strongly influenced by growing conditions. Due to very different weather conditions, grain yield reductions were lower in the growing season of 2017 to 2018 than in 2018 to 2019, with maximum grain yield losses of 22% and 50% in the two growing seasons, respectively. The yield components, number of crop ears per square meter, and 1,000-kernel weight were affected almost equally, reflecting that V. myuros’s competition with winter wheat occurred both early and late in the growing season. Seed production of V. myuros was suppressed by delaying sowing and increasing crop density. The impacts of delayed sowing and increasing crop density on seed production of V. myuros highlight the potential of these cultural weed control tactics in the long-term management programs of this species.

Characterisation of a windbreak system on the south coast of Western Australia. 2. Crop growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Sudmeyer ◽  
P. R. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
Similar Area

This paper, which is the second in a series of three, describes dryland crop growth and yields in a windbreak bay in south-western Australia and relates changes to microclimate modification by the windbreaks. Over the 4 years of this trial, above ground biomass and the development rate of crops 3–20 times the tree height from the windbreak (H) were similar to crops growing in unsheltered conditions (more than 20 H from the windbreaks). Grain yield was 16–30% higher between 3 H and 20 H than at more than 20 H in 1994, the driest year on record for the district, in other years yield was largely unchanged. In contrast, above ground biomass growth was consistently less within 3 H than further from the windbreaks and grain yield within 3 H was 19–27% less than unsheltered yield. Water use by the trees is the most likely cause of reduced yield within 3 H. Over the 4 years, mean grain yield between 0.5 H and 20 H was 3.8% greater than yield at more than 20 H. This increase was largely due to the yield increase in 1994. As 5.4% of the paddock was directly occupied by, or uncropped next to, the windbreaks, there was a net yield decrease of 2.8% over 4 years compared to estimated production from a similar area with no windbreaks. The principle benefits of the windbreaks were reducing evaporative demand in extremely dry years and protection against extreme wind events. These benefits must be weighed against the costs of establishing and maintaining windbreak systems.

Applications of the herbicide sethoxydim increase wheat yield in the absence of weeds

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
ID Black ◽  
CB Dyson ◽  
AR Fischle
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Area North

In 11 experiments over 6 seasons the herbicide sethoxydim was applied to Machete, Spear and Blade wheat cultivars in the absence or near absence of weeds (10 sites) or where the weeds were controlled by selective herbicides (1 site), in the cropping area north of Adelaide, South Australia. The rates applied included 9-47 g a.i./ha at the 2-3 leaf growth stage and 9-74 g a.i./ha at early tillering. Except for the very long growing season of 1992, there was a highly significant positive linear correlation between the number of degree days in the growing season at each experimental site and relative mean yield increase of these sethoxydim treatments. Yield increases ranged from nil in growing seasons of about 1000 degree days to 32% in a growing season of 1480 degree days, with a median of 8% over the experiments.

scholarly journals Grain yield and competitive ability against weeds in modern and heritage common wheat cultivars are differently influenced by sowing density

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariateresa Lazzaro ◽  
Ambrogio Costanzo ◽  
Dalia Hosam Farag ◽  
Paolo Bàrberi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Modern Cultivar ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Crop Stand

Sowing density can have a strong impact on crop stand development during wheat growing cycle. In organic and low-input agriculture, and therefore with minimum or nil use of chemical herbicides, increased sowing density is expected to affect not only grain yield but also weed suppression. In this study we tested, under Mediterranean conditions, six common wheat cultivars (three modern and three heritage) and two three-component mixtures (arranged by combining the three modern or the three heritage cultivars). The different crop stands were tested at sowing densities of 250 (low) and 400 (high, similar to standard sowing density used by local farmers) viable seeds m-2 for two growing seasons. We did not detect a significant effect of crop stand diversity (single cultivars vs mixtures) on grain yield and weed suppression. Differences were ascribed to type of cultivars used (heritage vs modern). Compared to high sowing density, in modern cultivars grain yield did not decrease significantly with low sowing density whereas in heritage cultivars it increased by 15.6%, possibly also because of 21.5% lower plant lodging. Weed biomass increased with low sowing density both in heritage and modern cultivar crop stand types. However, heritage crop stands had, on average, a lower weed biomass (56%) than modern crop stands. Moreover, weed biomass in heritage crop stands at low density (6.82 ± 1.50 g m-2) was lower than that of modern cultivars at the same sowing density (15.54 ± 3.35 g m-2), confirming the higher suppressive potential of the former. We can conclude that lower sowing density can be advisable when using heritage crop stands as it keeps productivity while decreasing plant lodging and maintaining weeds under control.

scholarly journals Early generation selection strategy for yield and yield components in white oat

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Benin ◽  
Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho ◽  
Antônio Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Claudir Lorencetti ◽  
Igor Pires Valério ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Selection For

Several studies have searched for higher efficiency on plant selection in generations bearing high frequency of heterozygotes. This work aims to compare the response of direct selection for grain yield, indirect selection through average grain weight and combined selection for higher yield potential and average grain weight of oat plants (Avena sativa L.), using the honeycomb breeding method. These strategies were applied in the growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 in F3 and F4 populations, respectively, in the crosses UPF 18 CTC 5, OR 2 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> UPF 7 and OR 2 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> UPF 18. The ten best genetic combinations obtained for each cross and selection strategy were evaluated in greenhouse yield trials. Selection of plants with higher yield and average grain weight might be performed on early generations with high levels of heterozygosis. The direct selection for grain yield and indirect selection for average grain weight enabled to increase the average of characters under selection. However, genotypes obtained through direct selection presented lower average grain weight and those obtained through the indirect selection presented lower yield potential. Selection strategies must be run simultaneously to combine in only one genotype high yield potential and large grain weight, enabling maximum genetic gain for both characters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document