Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics: New Perspectives on Post-Gondwana Break-Up—A Tribute to Ashok Sahni

Ameghiniana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Abdala
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Break Up

The role of Antarctica in the development of plate tectonic theories: from Scott to the present

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. A. Thomson ◽  
Alan P. M. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Climate Evolution ◽  
Gondwana Supercontinent ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Subglacial Lakes ◽  
New Research

One hundred years of geological research in and around Antarctica since Scott's Discovery expedition of 1901–1904 have seen the continent move from a great unknown at the margins of human knowledge to centre stage in the development of plate tectonics, continental break-up and global climate evolution. Research in Antarctica has helped make the Gondwana supercontinent a scientific fact. Discoveries offshore have provided some of the key evidence for plate tectonics and extended the evidence of global glaciation back over 30 million years. Studies of Antarctica's tectonic evolution have helped elucidate the details of continental break-up, and the continent continues to provide the best testing ground for competing scientific models. Antarctica's deep past has provided support for the “Snowball Earth” hypothesis, and for the pre-Gondwana, Rodinia supercontinent. Current research is focusing on Antarctica's subglacial lakes and basins, the possible causes of Antarctic glaciation, the evolution of its surrounding oceanic and mantle gateways, and its sub-ice geological composition and structure. None of this would have been possible without maps, and these have provided the foundation stone for Antarctic research. New mapping and scientific techniques, and new research platforms hold great promise for further major contributions from Antarctica to Earth system science in the twenty-first century.

Plate tectonics underpins supercontinent break-up

Physics World ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry X Mitrovica
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Break Up

The Middle to Upper Jurassic stable isotope record of Madagascar: Linking temperature changes with plate tectonics during the break-up of Gondwana

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Alberti ◽  
Agnieszka Arabas ◽  
Franz T. Fürsich ◽  
Nils Andersen ◽  
Piotr Ziółkowski
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Stable Isotope Record

Obliquity favours propagation pulses during continental break-up

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Jourdon ◽  
Laetitia Le Pourhiet ◽  
Frédéric Mouthereau ◽  
Dave A. May
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Rift Propagation ◽  
Deformation Regime ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Lithospheric Dynamics ◽  
Made In

<p>V-shaped propagators are ubiquist and the seafloor age map is often sufficient to unravel the first order features of the timing of continental break-up at regional or more global scale. Some propagators show  pulses in the rate of continental break-up propagation highlighted by the geometry of magnetic anomalies. These pulses, which were first introduced by Courtillot (1982) in the Gulf of Aden, represent a major element of plate tectonics. Despite the well documented geological record of these changes of rate, and their implications for plate kinematic reconstructions or the thermal regime of oblique margins, the dynamics of ridge and rift propagation at long/geodynamic timescale remains poorly studied nor understood. To date, despite the large progress made in understanding lithospheric dynamics and continental break-up, no lithospheric scale dynamic models has been able to produce self consistently pulse of ridgepropagation followed by a phase of stagnation. One obvious reason for this lack of dynamic ground stands from the fact that this problem mandates 3D thermo-mechanically coupled simulation approach that is just starting to emerge. In this work we chose to adopt a numerical modelling set-up after Le Pourhiet et al. (2018) to produce V-shaped propagators. Simulations investigate the influence of both kinematic and rheology of the lithosphere on the propagation trend and rate. The tectonic evolution of these margins shows 3 different modes of continental break-up propagation and a major change of deformation regime between phases of propagations and phases of stagnation.</p>

scholarly journals Plume Versus Slab-Pull: Example from the Arabian Plate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamer Z. Aldaajani ◽  
Khalid A. Almalki ◽  
Peter G. Betts
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Plume ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Arabian Plate ◽  
Rift System ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Buoyant Plumes ◽  
Field Plate ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Complex Structural

Mantle convection and the interaction of buoyant plumes with the lithosphere have been a significant influence on plate tectonics. Plume-lithosphere interactions have been regarded as a major driver of continental rifting, and have been linked to triple junction development and major supercontinent break-up events. There are also many extensional tectonic settings that lack evidence for a mantle plume and associated magmatism, indicating far-field plate stresses also drive plate fragmentation. The Arabian Plate is a spectacular active example where both a mantle plume and far-field plate stresses interact to drive continental break-up. Despite more than 80 years of geological research, there remains significant conjecture concerning the geodynamic processes responsible for the plate motion and the nature or onset of extension/deformation of the Arabian Plate. Complex structural patterns within the Arabian Plate have been interpreted in the context of tectonic plate movements and reorganization related to the subduction of the Tethys Oceanic plate, collision between Arabian and Eurasian plates, and the superposition of Afar plume. These interactions have accordingly resulted in different explanations or understanding of the geodynamic of the Afro-Arabian rift system. We assess the relative influence of plume vs. far field influences by reviewing the current views on the concept and models of these forces and highlighting their significance and implications on Arabia. Our synthesis shows that most of the geodynamical models proposed so far are not applicable to the entire Arabian Plate and its surrounding boundaries.

PERMIAN TO LOWER CRETACEOUS PLATE TECTONICS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN MARGIN

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jablonski ◽  
A.J. Saitta
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Plate Tectonic ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Thinned Continental Crust ◽  
China Region

The post-Lower Permian succession of the Perth Basin and Westralian Superbasin can be directly related to the plate tectonic evolution of the Gondwanan Super-continent. In the Late Permian to Albian the northern edge of Gondwana continued to break into microplates that migrated to the north and were accreted into what is today the southeastern Asia (Burma–China) region. These separation events are recorded as a series of stratigraphically distinct transgressions (corresponding to the initial stretching of the asthenosphere and acceleration of subsidence rates) followed by rapid regressions (when new oceanic crust was emplaced in thinned continental crust causing uplifts of large continental masses). Because the events are synchronous across large regions, and may be identified from specific log and seismic signatures, the intensity of stratigraphically related transgressive/regressive cycles varies, depending on the distance from the break-up centres and these cycles allow the identification of regionally significant megasequences even in undrilled areas. The tectonic evolution and resulting stratigraphy can be described by eight plate tectonic events:Visean (Carboniferous) break-up of the southeastern Asia (Simao, Indochina and South China);Kungurian (uppermost Early Permian) break-up of Qiangtang and Sibumasu;Lowermost Norian uplift due to Bowen Orogeny in eastern Australia;Hettangian break-up of Mangkalihat (northeastern Borneo);Oxfordian break-up of Argo/West Burma, and Sikuleh (Western Sumatra);Kimmeridgian break-up of the West Sulawesi microplate;Tithonian break-up of Paternoster-Meratus (central Borneo); andValanginian break-up of Greater India/India.These events should be identifiable in all Australian Phanerozoic basins and beyond, potentially providing a template for a synchronisation of the Permian to Early Cretaceous stratigraphy.

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