Composition of Pomegranate Juice

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana A Krueger

Abstract A database of 793 commercial pomegranate juices was analyzed to produce a profile for authentication of pure pomegranate juice. The database consisted of data from a mix of authentic and adulterated samples. Statistical tools were used to reduce the database to a stable sample set of 477 presumably authentic samples. The profile obtained (mean, SD at 16 Brix) are as follows: fructose (g/100 g) 6.83, 0.50; glucose (g/100 g) 6.66, 0.44; sucrose (g/100 g) 0.00, 0.00; sorbitol (g/100 g) 0.00, 0.01; acidity (g/100 g as citric acid) 1.25, 0.32; citric acid (g/100 g) 1.19, 0.30; malic acid (g/100 g) 0.065, 0.034; tartaric acid (g/100 g) 0.00, 0.00; isocitric acid (mg/kg) 63, 21; potassium (mg/kg) 2320, 400; proline (mg/kg) 7, 5; formol value [milliequivalents/100 g] 1.00, 0.24; 13C/12C ratio [o/oo Pee Dee belemnite]–26.4, 0.8. The profile samples had a consistent anthocyanin pattern consisting of four major peaks corresponding to delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, and cyanidin-3-glucoside. Minor peaks corresponding to pelargonidin-3,5-diglucoside and pelargonidin-3-glucoside were also generally present. No maltose, D-malic acid, or tartaric acid were detected in any of the samples. The profile obtained corresponds closely with previously published data.

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 956-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Ju Fan-Chiang ◽  
Ronald E Wrolstad

Abstract Sugar and nonvolatile acid analyses were conducted on 52 samples of blackberries (Rubus spp), the objective being to develop a compositional database for evaluating authenticity and quality. Brix ranged from 6.88 to 16.83, with a mean of 10.82. Titratable acidity ranged from 0.52 to 2.24 g citric acid/100 mL, with a mean of 1.35. Sucrose levels (range, 012.9; mean, 4.6) were highly variable. The overall glucose:fructose ratio ranged from 0.81 to 1.17, with a mean of 1.01. Malic, isocitric, lactoisocitric, citric, shikimic, and fumaric acids were identified, with succinic acid being present in some samples. Malic acid ranged from 5.2 to 35.3 of total acids (87.5603 mg/100 g), with a mean of 16.4 (280 mg/100 g). Isocitric acid ranged from 4.7 to 71.6, with a mean of 34.7 (599 mg/100 g), and lactoisocitric acid ranged from 3.4 to 32.6 with a mean of 17.3 (293 mg/100 g). Citric acid ranged from 1.3 to 80.2, with a mean of 31.6 (572 mg/100 g). Shikimic, fumaric, and succinic were present in trace quantities. Two patterns of nonvolatile acid compositions were evident. Ten commercial blackberry juice samples were analyzed, and it was possible to determine whether they were Marion, Evergreen, or a mixture of the two from their acid profiles.


1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028-1032
Author(s):  
Oswaldo E S Godinho ◽  
Nilson E Desouza ◽  
Luiz M Aleixo ◽  
Ari U Ivaska

Abstract Application of a linear algebraic method to the potentiometric titration of a mixture of tartaric and malic acids makes it possible to determine the individual concentrations of both acids in the same sample. These 2 acids have also been determined in grape juice free of citric acid after their separation from the juice matrix by precipitation as barium salts, followed by selective solubilization. It is also possible to determine tartaric acid and the sum of malic acid and citric acid in grape juice when the latter is present.


2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 802-805
Author(s):  
Zhan Sheng Wu ◽  
Xi Fang Sun ◽  
Chun Li

Effects of different bentonite clarificants on the main organic acids contents in wine were investigated during the clarification process. Citric acid (CA) concentration changed slightly during the first day with average elimination ratio (AER) of 0.57%, and tartaric acid (TA), malic acid (MA), lactic acid (LA) and succinic acid (SA) were varied with AER of 12.39%, 9.80%, 7.27% and 6.27%, respectively, while acetic acid (AA) has the biggest AER of 15.42%. The pH and titratable acidity were significantly dependent on the variation of CA and TA. The –OH group in organic acids could be combined with –Si-O or –AlO groups in bentonite surface by hydrogen bond, which could caused the decrease in concentration various organic acids.


2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-349
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal

A new reversed phase- high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry has been optimized and validated for the simultaneous extraction and determination of organic acids present in Iraqi calyces of Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. The method is based on using ultrasonic bath for extracting organic acids. Limit of detection in µg/ml of Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid 126.8498×10-6, 113.6005×10-6, 97.0513×10-6, 49.7925×10-6, 84.0753×10-6, 92.6551×10-6, and 106.1633×10-6 ,respectively. The concentration of organic acids found in dry spacemen of calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. under study: Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid are 114.896 µg/g, 64.722 µg/g, 342.508 µg/g, 126.902 µg/g, 449.91 µg/g, 268.52 µg/g, and 254.07 µg/g respectively.


2019 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Alexander Makarov ◽  
Igor Lutkov ◽  
Anatoly Yalanetskiy ◽  
Natalia Shmigelskaia ◽  
Tamara Shalimova ◽  
...  

В статье рассмотрены физико-химические и органолептические показатели виноматериалов, выработанных из крымских и донских аборигенных сортов винограда, произрастающего в Ампелографической коллекции института «Магарач» в с. Вилино Бахчисарайского района и п. Гурзуф. Определены группы сортов, из которых получаются виноматериалы с хорошими пенистыми свойствами, оптимальным соотношением массовых концентраций винной и яблочной кислот, высокими дегустационными оценками. В частности, высокие показатели пенистых свойств (V более 800 см) определены в виноматериалах из сортов: Кокур белый 46-10-3, Кокур белый 46-10-6, Солнечная Долина 40, Солнечная Долина 71/1, Махроватчик. Средние показатели пенистых свойств (V 600-800 см) установлены в виноматериалах из сортов: Кокур белый (п. Гурзуф), Кокур белый, Кокур белый полурассеченный, Солнечнодолинский, Солнечная Долина 31а, Солнечная Долина 65, Цимлянский белый, Кефесия, Фирский ранний (с. Вилино). Массовая концентрация винной кислоты в виноматериалах варьировала в диапазоне 1,4-4,9 г/дм, яблочной кислоты - 0,1-3,2 г/дм, а лимонной - 0,1-1,2 г/дм. Более высокая массовая концентрация винной кислоты определена в виноматериалах Сых дане (4,9 г/дм), Мускат крымский (4,7 г/дм), Солнечнодолинский (4,2 г/дм), Буланый белый (4,2 г/дм), Солнечная Долина 65 (3,9 г/дм), Кокур белый (п. Гурзуф) - (3,6 г/дм), Кокур белый 46-10-3 (3,4 г/дм), Солнечная Долина 40 (3,3 г/дм), Махроватчик (3,3 г/дм), Капитан Яни кара (3,1 г/дм), а самая низкая - в виноматериале Цимлянский белый (1,4 г/дм). Показана перспективность использования для производства виноматериалов для игристых вин из винограда аборигенных сортов: Кокур белый, Кокур белый 46-10-3, Кокур белый 46-10-6, Солнечнодолинский, Солнечная Долина 40, Солнечная Долина 65, Сых дане, Сары пандас, Мускат крымский, Махроватчик, Кокур красный, Безымянный и Цимладар.The article discusses physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of base wines produced from Crimean and Don aboriginal grapevine cultivars grown in the Ampelographic collection of the Institute “Magarach” in Vilino village of Bakhchsarai region and in Gurzuf. Groups of cultivars which provide base wines with good sparkling properties, the optimum balance between mass concentrations of tartaric and malic acids and high tasting scores have been determined. In particular, high sparkling properties (V over 800 cm) were demonstrated by base wines from the following cultivars: ‘Kokur Belyi 46-10-3’, ‘Kokur Belyi 46-10-6’, ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 40’, ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 71/1’, ‘Mahrovatchik’. The average sparkling indexes (V 600-800 cm) were determined for base wines from the following varieties: ‘Kokur Belyi’ (v. Gurzuf), ‘Kokur Belyi’, ‘Kokur Belyi Polurassechenny’, ‘Solnechnodolinsky’, ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 31a’, ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 65’, ‘Tsimlyansky Belyi’, ‘Kefesiya’, ‘Firsky Rannyi’ (v. Vilino). Mass concentration of tartaric acid in the base wine varied between 1.4-4.9 g/dm, malic acid - 0.1-3.2 g/dm, and citric acid - 0.1-1.2 g/dm. A higher mass concentration of tartaric acid was defined for base wines from ‘Sykh Dane’ (4.9 g/dm), ‘Muscat Krymskyi’ (4.7 g/dm), ‘Solnechnodolinsky’ (4.2 g/dm), ‘Bulany Belyi’ (4.2 g/dm), ‘Solnechnaya Dolina’ 65 (3.9 g/dm), ‘Kokur Belyi’ (v. Gurzuf) - (3.6 g/dm), ‘Kokur Belyi 46-10-3’ (3.4 g/dm), ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 40’ (3.3 g/dm), ‘Mahrovatchik’ (3.3 g/dm), ‘Captain Yani Kara’ (3.1 g/dm); the lowest in ‘Tsimlyansky Belyi’ grapes (1.4 g/dm). The potential of using indigenous varieties of grapevines for the production of base wine for sparkling wines was demonstrated for the following cultivars: ‘Kokur Belyi 46-10-3’, ‘Kokur Belyi 46-10-6’, ‘Solnechnodolinsky’, ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 40’, ‘Solnechnaya Dolina 65’, ‘Sykh Dane’, ‘Sary рandas’, ‘Muscat Krymskui’, ‘Mahrovatchik’, ‘Kokur Krasnyi’, ‘Bezymyannyi’ and ‘Tsimladar’.


1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 571-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENT M. SORRELLS ◽  
DAVIN C. ENIGL ◽  
JOHN R. HATFIELD

The effect of different acids, pH, incubation time, and incubation temperature on the growth and survival of four strains of Listeria monocytogenes in tryptic soy broth was compared. Hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (AA), lactic acid (LA), malic acid (MA), and citric acid (CA) were used to acidify tryptic soy broth to pH values 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, 5.0, and 5.2 pH. Incubation times were 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 d at 10, 25, and 35°C. The inhibition of L. monocytogenes in the presence of high acidity appears to be a function of acid and incubation temperature. Based on equal pH values, the antimicrobial activity is AA > LA > CA ≥ MA > HCl at all incubation times and temperatures. When based on equal molar concentration, the activity appeared to be CA ≥ MA > LA ≥ AA > HCl at 35 and 25°C, and MA > CA > AA ≥ LA > HCl at 10°C. Greatest antimicrobial activity occurred at 35°C. Greatest survival occurred at 10°C and greatest growth occurred at 25°C. Final pH of the medium was as low as 3.8 in HCl at 28 d. All strains grew well at pH values lower than the minimum previously reported (5.5–5.6).


Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1425
Author(s):  
Jonas Yde Junge ◽  
Anne Sjoerup Bertelsen ◽  
Line Ahm Mielby ◽  
Yan Zeng ◽  
Yuan-Xia Sun ◽  
...  

Tastes interact in almost every consumed food or beverage, yet many aspects of interactions, such as sweet-sour interactions, are not well understood. This study investigated the interaction between sweetness from sucrose and sourness from citric and tartaric acid, respectively. A cross-cultural consumer study was conducted in China (n = 120) and Denmark (n = 139), respectively. Participants evaluated six aqueous samples with no addition (control), sucrose, citric acid, tartaric acid, or a mixture of sucrose and citric acid or sucrose and tartaric acid. No significant difference was found between citric acid and tartaric acid in the suppression of sweetness intensity ratings of sucrose. Further, sucrose suppressed sourness intensity ratings of citric acid and tartaric acid similarly. Culture did not impact the suppression of sweetness intensity ratings of citric or tartaric acid, whereas it did influence sourness intensity ratings. While the Danish consumers showed similar suppression of sourness by both acids, the Chinese consumers were more susceptible towards the sourness suppression caused by sucrose in the tartaric acid-sucrose mixture compared to the citric acid-sucrose mixture. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis revealed clusters of consumers with significant differences in sweetness intensity ratings and sourness intensity ratings. These results indicate that individual differences in taste perception might affect perception of sweet-sour taste interactions, at least in aqueous solutions.


Author(s):  
D. Elysa Putri Mambang
Keyword(s):  

Obat tradisional yang digunakan sebagai diuretik salah satunya adalah tumbuhan alang-alang(Imperata cylindrical L) dan yang digunakan adalah rimpangnya. Rimpang alang-alang mengandungmanitol, glukosa, sakarosa, malic acid, citric acid, coixol, arundoin, cylindrene, cylindol A, graminoneB, imperanene, stigmasterol, campesterol, β-sitosterol, fernenol, arborinone, arborinol, isoarborinol,simiarenol, anemonin dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek diuretik dari rebusanrimpang alang-alang yang diberikan secara oral pada mencit sebagai hewan percobaan. Rebusan padapenelitian ini adalah sediaaan cair yang dibuat secara merebus rimpang alang-alang dengan air padasuhu 90˚C selama 30 menit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dimana hewan ujiyang digunakan adalah 18 ekor mencit, yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok masing-masing kelompokterdiri dari 3 ekor mencit. Kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol (tidak diberikan apa-apa), kelompok 2diberikan aquadest kelompok 3 diberikan rebusan rimpang alang-alang konsentrasi 30%, kelompok 4diberikan rebusan rimpang alang-alang konsentrasi 40%, kelompok 5 diberikan rebusan rimpangalang-alang konsentrasi 30% dan kelompok 6 diberikan suspensi furosemida. Mencit kelompok 1, 2,3, 4, 5 dan 6 diteliti selama 4 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rebusan rimpang alang-alangkonsentrasi 30%, 40% dan 50% menghasilkan efek diuretik pada menit ke 90. Sedangkan suspensifurosemida memberikan efek diuretik pada menit ke 60. Suspensi furosemida lebih cepat memberikanefek diuretik dari pada rebusan rimpang alang-alang


1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 2049-2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tak-Lung Chang ◽  
Robert P. Streicher ◽  
Hans Zimmer ◽  
J. W. Munch

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