scholarly journals FORMAÇÃO E CONSTRUÇÃO DA DOCÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-168
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Paschoal ◽  
Sonara Maria Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Marta Regina Furlan de Oliveira

This bibliographic study aims to discuss the specificities of teaching in Early Childhood Education from its origins, legal determinations and professional training. The approval of the 1996 Law of Guidelines and Bases recognizes Early Childhood Education as the first stage of Basic Education, since the child is considered a citizen, subject of rights, since the enactment of the Federal Constitution in 1988. Despite the innumerable progress of laws in Regarding the right to education from birth, there are many challenges. This is because the realization of this right is not yet accessible to all children, especially when considering the questions: access, permanence and quality of services provided. Thisfact occurs because, in many cases, there are: precariousness in teacher training, in working conditions and in the performance of teachers. Hence the importance of guaranteeing and implementing public policies for initial and continuing education that enable teachers to build practices that recognize the specificities of this level of education. The professional valorization in terms of salary and career, also contribute to the improvement of educational practices with children, especially in the development of their different languages.

Author(s):  
Adriana Dragone Silveira

Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been significant debate about the right to education in Brazil, and educational policies adopted by different courts to promote educational reforms have been questioned. The 1988 Federal Constitution has expanded the content of the right to education, as well as established principles, state and federal duties, and different educational funding forms. The Federal Constitution also extended the attributions of institutions aimed at defending social rights, such as the Public Prosecutor’s Office. Thus, new legal arrangements enabled expanding the involvement of justice system institutions in educational reforms. Educational litigation in Brazil can be analyzed by the structure of the judicial system, the right to education, and the main decisions made by the Federal Supreme Court on such issues as the state’s obligation to provide enough seats in early childhood education (2005); the national professional minimum wage (2011); religious education (2017); elementary school–entrance age (2018); and homeschooling (2018). Despite the advancements in guaranteeing the right to education, educational litigation has not always been beneficial for strengthening and expanding educational rights. On the one hand, it has had a positive bias when lawsuits aim at including citizens in public policies, as in the case about the consolidation of early childhood education as a state duty. On the other hand, it has had a negative bias when there is excessive bureaucratization and disrespect toward the autonomy of the educational field, as in the case about the independence of the National Education Council (CNE) to define educational guidelines for enrollment age and religious education.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Patricia Maria Uchôa SIMÕES ◽  
Mariana Uchôa Simões BARBOSA

RESUMONo Brasil, a história da educação institucionalizada dos bebês inicia-se com instituições voltadas para o atendimento das populações mais pobres das cidades e está relacionada à industrialização e urbanização. Essa origem explica, em parte, a escassa oferta de Educação Infantil para as populações rurais, até hoje. O estudo debate a trajetória das creches das zonas rurais, analisa alguns dos indicadores educacionais e dados da implantação do Proinfância nessas áreas. As conclusões apontam para os avanços na legislação e a melhoria dos indicadores educacionais nas primeiras décadas desse século, também apresenta o Proinfância como uma alternativa para as zonas rurais, com a oferta de apoio aos municípios na construção de políticas de inclusão dos bebês em creche com maior qualidade de atendimento. Faz-se necessário a afirmação desses bebês como sujeitos de direitos, da sua educação como condição de cidadania e da especificidade da creche nas zonas rurais como direito à diferença.Bebês. Creche. Educação Infantil do Campo. Babies in daycare centers in rural BrazilABSTRACT In Brazil, the history of institutionalized baby education begins with institutions aimed at serving the poorest populations in cities and is related to industrialization and urbanization. This origin explains, in part, the scarce offer of Early Childhood Education for rural populations, even today. The study debates the trajectory of daycare centers in rural areas, analyzes some of the educational indicators and data on the implementation of Proinfância in these areas. The conclusions point to advances in legislation and the improvement of educational indicators in the first decades of this century, it also presents Proinfância as an alternative for rural areas, with the offer of support to municipalities in the construction of policies for the inclusion of babies in daycare centers with higher quality of care. It is necessary to affirm these babies as subjects of rights, their education as a condition of citizenship and the specificity of daycare in rural areas as the right to difference.Babies. Nursery. Rural Early Childhood Education. Bebés en guarderías en zonas rurales de BrasilRESUMEN En Brasil, la historia de la educación institucionalizada de bebes comienza con instituciones destinadas a servir a las poblaciones más pobres de las ciudades y está relacionada con la industrialización y la urbanización. Este origen explica, en parte, la escasa oferta de educación de la primera infancia para las poblaciones rurales, incluso hoy en día. El estudio debate la trayectoria de las guarderías en áreas rurales, analiza algunos de los indicadores educacionales y los datos sobre la implementación de “Proinfância” en estas áreas. Las conclusiones apuntan a avances en la legislación y la mejora de los indicadores educacionales en las primeras décadas de este siglo, también presenta a “Proinfância” como una alternativa para las zonas rurales, ofreciendo apoyo a los municipios en la construcción de políticas para la inclusión de bebés en guarderías con mejor calidad de cuidado. Es necesario afirmar que estos bebés son sujetos de derechos, su educación debe ser entendida como condición de ciudadanía y la especificidad de la guardería en las zonas rurales como un derecho a la diferencia.Bebés. Guardería. Educación de la primera infancia rural. Bambini in asili nele aree rurali del BrasileSINTESEIn Brasile, la storia dell'educazione al bambino istituzionalizzata inizia con istituzioni progettate per servire le popolazioni più povere delle città ed è legata all'industrializzazione e all'urbanizzazione. Questa origine spiega, in parte, l'offerta limitata di educazione della prima infanzia per le popolazioni rurali, anche oggi. Lo studio discute la traiettoria degli asili nelle aree rurali, analizza alcuni degli indicatori e dati educativi sull'attuazione di "Proinfância" in queste aree. Le conclusioni indicano i progressi della legislazione e il miglioramento degli indicatori educativi nei primi decenni di questo secolo, inoltre presenta "Proinfância" come alternativa alle aree rurali, offrendo supporto ai comuni nella costruzione di politiche per l'inclusione dei bambini negli asili nido con una migliore qualità delle cure. È necessario affermare che questi bambini sono soggetti di diritti, la loro educazione deve essere intesa come una condizione di cittadinanza e la specificità dell'assistenza all'infanzia nelle aree rurali come un diritto alla differenza.


Author(s):  
Pétala Gonçalves Lacerda ◽  
Edna Maria Querido de Oliveira Chamon ◽  
Nilsen Aparecida Vieira Marcondes

Considera-se relevante a reflexão sobre a qualidade da Educação Infantil brasileira, porque se constata que a ampliação da oferta na faixa etária, de zero a cinco anos, aconteceu em detrimento da atenção às condições de funcionamento das instituições infantis. Referenciada como uma das etapas da Educação Básica, a Educação Infantil não esteve entre as prioridades educacionais durante praticamente todo o século XX. Somente a partir de 1990 se intensificaram os debates sobre o assunto e, assim, a educação da primeira infância passou a fazer parte das políticas públicas educacionais. Diante disso, objetiva-se com este estudo básico, qualitativo e descritivo, caracterizado como estudo de caso, refletir sobre a qualidade na educação pública infantil brasileira em âmbito municipal. Conclui-se, portanto que a qualidade na educação pública infantil brasileira poderá se estabelecer em âmbito nacional por meio de Políticas Educacionais Municipais, ou seja, em cada Rede Municipal ou Sistema de Ensino que, ao se fortalecer desenvolverá a educação como um todo. Palavras-chave: Educação Pública Infantil. Experiência Municipal. Vale do Paraíba Paulista. AbstractIt is considered relevant reflection on the quality of Brazilian early childhood education because it turns out that the expansion of supply in the age group from zero to five years, took place at the expense of attention to the working conditions of children's institutions. Referenced as one of the stages of basic education, early childhood education was not among educational priorities during the entire twentieth century. Only since 1990 discussions have been intensified on the subject, and so the early childhood education became part of the public educational policies. Therefore, the objective of this basic study, qualitative and descriptive, characterized as a case study, is reflect on the quality of Brazilian children's public education at the local level. It follows therefore that the quality of Brazilian children's public education may be provided at the national level through Municipal Educational Policy, that is in each municipal network or education system that, upon strengthening will develop education as a whole. Keywords:  Children’s Public Education. Municipal Experience. Paulista Paraíba Valley. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Petula Ramanauskas Santorum e Silva ◽  
Paulo Gomes Lima

As políticas públicas para a educação infantil no Brasil, considerando as dimensões de oferta, acesso e qualidade apresentam-se lacunares quanto à garantia do direito da criança pequena à educação. Por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória, o objetivo deste estudo foi o de discutir tais “lacunas” por meio de sua identificação e discussão.  O estudo revela que acesso à vaga e a permanência da criança nessa etapa da Educação coloca como um dos desafios a diminuição das disparidades no acesso, sobretudo por razões socioeconômicas, visto que as crianças com famílias de menor ou nenhum poder aquisitivo são as que mais têm ficado à margem desse direito. O estudo revelou que os municípios precisam ampliar a oferta de atendimento, sem marginalizar a qualidade dos serviços ofertados, e não apenas oportunizando acesso, mas garantindo a permanência também em período integral.Palavras-chave: Educação infantil. Políticas públicas. Qualidade. Acesso. Oferta.PUBLIC POLICIES FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN BRAZIL: OFFER, ACCESS AND QUALITY DIMENSIONSAbstractPublic policies for early childhood education in Brazil, considering the dimensions of supply, access and quality, are lacking in terms of guaranteeing the right of young children to education. Through exploratory research, the purpose of this study was to discuss such “gaps” through their identification and discussion. The study reveals that access to the vacancy and the permanence of the child in this stage of education poses as one of the challenges the reduction of the disparities in access, especially for socioeconomic reasons. It is known that children with families with less or no purchasing power have been left out of this right. The study revealed that the municipalities need to expand the offer of care, without marginalizing the quality of services offered, not only providing access, but also ensuring full-time permanence.Keywords: Early childhood education. Public policies. Quality. Access. Offer.


2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Atik Wartini

A child’s right to education within the family according to Imam Syafi’i and its significance for early childhood  education in Indonesia This research is based on library research on the rights of the child to education within the family from the viewpoint of Imam Shafi’i, and the impact of his teachings on early childhood education in Indonesia. The study is interesting because the first schools to appear in Indonesia were of the Syafi’i tradition. Imam Syafi’i jurists and ushuliyyin have collections of poems that express the need to develop education in early childhood. Despite this, the theory of children’s education in the school of Imam Syafi’i is under researched. This study examines three research questions. First, how does one undertake a  biography of the thought of Imam Syafi’i and Imam Syafi’i school of thought. Second, what is the concept of children’s rights in the family in the view of Imam Syafi’i. And third, is there reference to  early Childhood education that implies the concept of children’s rights to education in the view of Imam Syafi’i. This study concludes that Imam Syafi ‘i in scientific rihlah is purely academic. Imam Syafi’i also elicits several important ideas on a child’s rights within the family, the right to education and the right to self-expression. Imam Syafi’i schools are relevaant to early childhood education in Indonesia in which these (religious education) schools are widespread.


2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Edna Maria Querido de Oliveira Chamon ◽  
Pétala Gonçalves Lacerda ◽  
Nilsen Aparecida Vieira Marcondes

ResumoFocalizar os aspectos concernentes à trajetória histórica da Educação Infantil no Brasil é muito relevante, quando se pretende refletir sobre como essa particular modalidade de educação se desenvolveu, quais os desafios enfrentados em seu processo de desenvolvimento e como esse atendimento se configura nos dias atuais. Diante disso, objetiva-se, com este artigo, apresentar uma reflexão crítica sobre o caminho percorrido pela Educação Infantil sob a perspectiva da regulamentação e da legislação. Em se tratando da metodologia, este estudo se apresenta como qualitativo, descritivo e bibliográfico. Os resultados deste processo reflexivo demonstram que a garantia do direito à educação vem se construindo mediante conquistas no âmbito dos marcos legislatórios nacionais, os quais atribuem tanto ao Estado, quanto às Unidades Escolares como a família, os respectivos deveres que lhes competem para alcance e consolidação desse direito das crianças brasileiras.Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil. Trajetória Histórica. Legislação Nacional.AbstractFocusing on the aspects concerning the historical trajectory of early childhood education in Brazil is very important when you want to reflect on how this particular type of education developed, which faced challenges in their development process and how this service is configured today. Therefore, it is aimed with this article to present a critical reflection on the path taken by the Early Childhood Education from the perspective of regulation and legislation. In terms of methodology, this study is presented as qualitative, descriptive and bibliographic. The results of this reflective process demonstrate that the guarantee to the right to education has been building upon achievements in the national legislation, which grants to both the state, and the school units such as the family, their duties which they compete to reach and consolidate this right of the brazilian children.Keywords: Childhood Education. Historical Trajectory. National Legislation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Samuel Oppong Frimpong ◽  

An individual is born with millions of neurons and the quality of the experiences he/she will have at the early years can potentially determine the future life of that person. This makes quality early childhood education pivotal. However, the perception people have about this influence how they prepare themselves to provide that quality early childhood education for young children. Thus, this qualitative research purposively sampled 26 participants to elicit their views about the perception they have about the criticality of early years experiences and how the perception influenced how they were providing the early childhood education within the Kumasi metropolis of Ghana. Data in the form of interview were analysed thematically. The study found that experiences through the early childhood education are criticality serving as the foundation for future education. The study also found that developmentally appropriate infrastructure (such as tables and chairs sized to the height of learners, spacious and well-ventilated classroom), teachers who are specifically trained in early childhood education and child friendly pedagogy should be in place to ensure quality early childhood education and that how early childhood education was perceived greatly influenced how it was provided. The recommendations based on the findings are that, there should be more advocacy by teachers and headteachers on the criticality of early years experiences to ensure people’s sufficient appreciation for quality early childhood education for young children. Importantly, early childhood education should be completely detached from the primary and basic school to enable it receive the due attention and the needed provision. Individuals with the right perception should be engaged with the provision of ECE.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Nelcir Francisca da Silva ◽  
Ilma Vieira do Nascimento

O interesse pela educação de crianças pequenas não é recente, havendo desde o século XIX manifestações sobre essa questão expressas em torno do mobiliário escolar e de outros pontos a estes associados relativos aos espaços escolares, como as creches e os jardins de infância. Este artigo trata do Programa Nacional de Reestruturação e Aquisição de Equipamentos para a Rede Escolar Pública de Educação Infantil (Proinfância), criado no ano de 2007 no contexto de políticas focadas na melhoria da qualidade da educação básica e no reconhecimento da criança como um ser de direitos.  Situa o Programa nos dois eixos de atuação – a construção de creches e pré-escolas e a aquisição de mobiliários e equipamentos para o funcionamento da rede física da educação infantil, em uma comunidade do município maranhense de São José de Ribamar.  Este estudo revela que creches construídas sob o modelo Proinfância não constituem, por si só, fatores suficientes para conferir um padrão de qualidade à educação de crianças; soma-se a este relevante aspecto infraestrutural, a necessária formação inicial e continuada dos (as) professores (as) envolvidos no processo educativo.Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil. Qualidade da Educação Básica. Proinfância.Proinfancy:   providing   quality   education   for   the   child  citizen?The interest in the education of young children is not recent, and since the 19th century there have been manifestations on this issue expressed around school furniture and other related points related to school spaces, such as day care centers and kindergartens. This article deals with the National Program for the Restructuring and Acquisition of Equipment for the Public School Network for Early Childhood Education (Proinfancy), created in 2007 in the context of policies focused on improving the quality of basic education and recognizing the child as a being. rights. The Program is located in two areas of activity - the construction of daycare centers and preschools and the purchase of furniture and equipment for the operation of the physical network of early childhood education, in a community in the municipality of São José de Ribamar, Maranhão. This study reveals that daycare centers built under the Proinfância model are not, in themselves, sufficient factors to provide a quality standard for children's education; in addition to this relevant infrastructure aspect, the necessary initial and continuing training of teachers involved in the educational process.Keywords: Child education. Quality of Basic Education. Pro-childhood.Pro-niñez:   ¿brindar   educación   de   calidad   al   niño   ciudadano?RESUMENEl interés por la educación de los niños pequeños no es reciente, y desde el siglo XIX se han producido manifestaciones sobre este tema expresadas en torno al mobiliario escolar y otros puntos afines relacionados con los espacios escolares, como guarderías y jardines de infancia. Este artículo trata del Programa Nacional de Reestructuración y Adquisición de Equipamiento para la Red de Escuelas Públicas de Educación Infantil (Proinfancy), creado en 2007 en el contexto de políticas enfocadas a mejorar la calidad de la educación básica y al reconocimiento del niño como ser. derechos. El Programa se ubica en dos áreas de actividad: la construcción de guarderías y jardines de infancia y la compra de mobiliario y equipamiento para el funcionamiento de la red física de educación infantil, en una comunidad del municipio de São José de Ribamar, Maranhão. Este estudio revela que las guarderías construidas bajo el modelo Proinfância no son, en sí mismas, factores suficientes para brindar un estándar de calidad en la educación de los niños; Además de este relevante aspecto de infraestructura, la necesaria formación inicial y continua de los docentes involucrados en el proceso educativo.Palabras clave: Educación Infantil. Calidad de la educación básica. Pro-niñez.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Paulo Rogério de Souza ◽  
João Paulo Pereira Coelho

This research presents the legal aspects that instituted childhood education as a stage of basic education, starting with the Federal Constitution of 1988 and LDB 9.394 / 96, showing the advances that legislation had brought to the care of the child in the school environment. Thus, this work, linked to the Group of Studies and Research in Educational Policies, Management and Financing of Education (GEPEFI), has as a concern to make a critical analysis of the creation of accounting funds, FUNDEF and FUNBEB, from the positive and negative points for the basic education, highlighting the importance of these funds for the technical and financial maintenance of early childhood education. Finally, it is important to highlight the improvements that the funding policies have given to early childhood education, especially with the creation of FUNDEB, in 2006, and what the consequences may be for this stage of education, with its legal termination in 2020.


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