LIFE-CYCLE CO2 EMISSIONS OF BULK CARRIERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 (A4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Gratsos ◽  
H N Psaraftis ◽  
P Zachariadis

The paper contributes a reasoned methodology and useful data to the debate that is taking place in the context of rational Goal Based Standards. It is hoped that the paper will generate further debate which should eventually lead to generally accepted conclusions on meaningful minimum design and classification rule standards.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3660
Author(s):  
Rathna Hor ◽  
Phanna Ly ◽  
Agusta Samodra Putra ◽  
Riaru Ishizaki ◽  
Tofael Ahamed ◽  
...  

Traditional Cambodian food has higher nutrient balances and is environmentally sustainable compared to conventional diets. However, there is a lack of knowledge and evidence on nutrient intake and the environmental greenness of traditional food at different age distributions. The relationship between nutritional intake and environmental impact can be evaluated using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural production based on life cycle assessment (LCA). The objective of this study was to estimate the CO2 equivalent (eq) emissions from the traditional Cambodian diet using LCA, starting at each agricultural production phase. A one-year food consumption scenario with the traditional diet was established. Five breakfast (BF1–5) and seven lunch and dinner (LD1–7) food sets were consumed at the same rate and compared using LCA. The results showed that BF1 and LD2 had the lowest and highest emissions (0.3 Mt CO2 eq/yr and 1.2 Mt CO2 eq/yr, respectively). The food calories, minerals, and vitamins met the recommended dietary allowance. The country’s existing food production system generates CO2 emissions of 9.7 Mt CO2 eq/yr, with the proposed system reducing these by 28.9% to 6.9 Mt CO2 eq/yr. The change in each food item could decrease emissions depending on the type and quantity of the food set, especially meat and milk consumption.


2019 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Triluck Koossalapeerom ◽  
Thaned Satiennam ◽  
Wichuda Satiennam ◽  
Watis Leelapatra ◽  
Atthapol Seedam ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-135
Author(s):  
Marcio Burger Mansilha ◽  
Michel Brondani ◽  
Felix Alberto Farret ◽  
Leandro Cantorski da Rosa ◽  
Ronaldo Hoffmann

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (sup4) ◽  
pp. S4-56-S4-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. X. Sun ◽  
Z. R. Nie ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
X. Z. Gong ◽  
F. Gao ◽  
...  

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