scholarly journals Efficient statistics-based algebraic codebook search algorithms derived from RCM for an ACELP speech coder

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-419
Author(s):  
Tzu-Hung Lin ◽  
Cheng-Yu Yeh ◽  
Shaw-Hwa Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Search Algorithms ◽  
Speech Quality ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Major Research ◽  
First Finding ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Algebraic Code ◽  
Speech Coder

Applied to analgebraic codebook search conducted on an algebraic code-excitedlinear-prediction (ACELP) speech coder, two improved versions of reducedcandidate mechanism (RCM), designated as Fixed-G1-RCM and Fixed-2Track-RCM, arepresented in this study for further search performance improvement. It ismainly derived from two major research findings in a piece of our prior work.The first finding is that a pulse with a high contribution in a track is morelikely to serve as the optimal pulse in the optimal vector pertaining to thetrack, and the second is that the speech quality can be well maintained at asearch accuracy above 50%. In this proposal, the trade off can be tuned betweenthe search accuracy and the search complexity so as to reach a nearlyconsistent speech quality. It is experimentally demonstrated that either Fixed-G1-RCM(N = 3), or Fixed-2Track-RCM (M = 2, N = 3, or M = 3, N = 4) can provide ahighly superior search performance relative to a global pulse replacementmethod (iteration = 2) and an iteration-freepulse replacement method.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.44.4.9847

scholarly journals Adaptive variable bit-rate speech coder for wireless applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Speech Coding ◽  
Speech Quality ◽  
Variable Bit Rate ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Wireless Applications ◽  
Speech Coder ◽  
Joint Channel ◽  
Essential Service ◽  
Low Rate

In wireless communication, speech is an essential service for which low rate speech coding is a key technique. Reducing the transmission bandwith and achieving higher speech quality are primary concerns in developing new speech coding algorithms. This report develops a joint channel and source controlled adaptive variable bit-rate algorithm to achieve a high speech quality and maintain an efficient spectrum.

scholarly journals Concrete-encased CFST structures: behaviour and application

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Hai Han ◽  
Dan-Yang Ma ◽  
Kan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Bond Performance ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Static Performance ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Subway Stations

Concrete-encased CFST (concrete-filled steel tube) is a kind of composite structure comprised of a CFST component and a reinforced concrete (RC) component. The concrete encased CFST possesses superior ductility and higher stiffness. They are gaining popularity in high-rise buildings, large-span structures, bridges, subway stations and workshops. This paper initially reviews the recent research on concrete-encased CFST structures. The major research findings on bond performance, static performance, dynamic performance and fire resistance are presented. This paper also outlines some construction considerations, such as the utilization of materials, the fabrication of the steel tube, and the methods of casting the inner and outer concrete. Finally, some typical practical projects utilizing concrete-encased CFST members are presented and reviewed.

scholarly journals Eye movements in vocabulary research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pellicer-Sánchez ◽  
Anna Siyanova
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Auditory Input ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Formulaic Sequences ◽  
Online Processing ◽  
Research Findings

Abstract The field of vocabulary research is witnessing a growing interest in the use of eye-tracking to investigate topics that have traditionally been examined using offline measures, providing new insights into the processing and learning of vocabulary. During an eye-tracking experiment, participants’ eye movements are recorded while they attend to written or auditory input, resulting in a rich record of online processing behaviour. Because of its many benefits, eye-tracking is becoming a major research technique in vocabulary research. However, before this emerging trend of eye-tracking based vocabulary research continues to proliferate, it is important to step back and reflect on what current studies have shown about the processing and learning of vocabulary, and the ways in which we can use the technique in future research. To this aim, the present paper provides a comprehensive overview of current eye-tracking research findings, both in terms of the processing and learning of single words and formulaic sequences. Current research gaps and potential avenues for future research are also discussed.

Conclusion, Limitations, and Future Research

2013 ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Test ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Research Findings

This chapter summarizes the major research findings of this study based on the empirical test results throughout the previous chapters. The contributions and limitations of this research are also addressed. The study concludes by proposing several valuable directions for future research.

A review and analysis on growth and optical absorption properties of silicon nanowire array for photovoltaic applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (30) ◽  
pp. 1530007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Sharma ◽  
Lalit Kumar Dusad
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Silicon Nanowires ◽  
Silicon Nanowire ◽  
Nanowire Array ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Silicon Nanowire Array ◽  
Photovoltaic Applications ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Experimental Approaches

In this paper, optical absorptions in silicon nanowires (SiNWs) arrays obtained from theoretical studies and experimental approaches have been reviewed. A brief description on the different growth techniques for SiNW arrays reported so far is presented. Comparative analysis based on major research findings has been done and the advantages of SiNW-based solar cells over thin film solar cells are presented. Furthermore, future aspects of the use of SiNWs for photovoltaic applications are discussed.

Directiveness and Authoritarianism: Some Research Findings and a Critical Reappraisal

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Duckitt
Keyword(s):  
Valid Measure ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Authoritarian Personality ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Scale Measure

Resulting from a cogent critique of the F scale as a measure of personality, Ray (1976) has proposed his ‘directiveness’ scale as a behaviourally valid measure of authoritarian personality. Research using this scale has suggested that authoritarian personality and the endorsement of authoritarian attitudes or ideology may be quite unrelated. This was supported by the present study which found no relationship between directiveness and either intolerant and negative attitudes towards homosexuals or an F scale measure of authoritarian attitudes. The conceptualizations of authoritarianism of Ray and Adorno et al. (1950) were then briefly reviewed and it was suggested that they appear to be quite distinct. It was therefore concluded that research using Ray's directiveness scale does not invalidate the theory of the authoritarian personality and that the development of a behaviourally valid measure of authoritarian personality as conceptualized by Adorno et al. remains a major research priority.

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