Wie die EU den Weg aus der „Pandemie-Krise“ findet: Lehren aus der Krisenpolitik nach 2008

IG ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
Hartmut Marhold
Keyword(s):  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Learning System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
The Public ◽  
Active Player ◽  
European Investment ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) invests huge resources in overcoming the pandemic crisis and does so as a learning system: The Union learned lessons from the previous, the financial, economic and state debt crisis after 2008, in many ways. The EU assumes now definitely the role of an active player in the economy, leaving behind the neoliberal doctrine; she suspends the restrictive budgetary policy, which prevented already in 2008 and the following years adequate solutions; she reshaped the control over its financial aid programmes so that harsh conflict between member states („troika“) are mitigated; the Union further refined the public private partnership mechanisms established unter the aegis of the European Investment Bank (EIB); the European Central Bank (ECB) assumes now a role still disputed after 2008; the flexibility clauses of the Lisbon Treaty, just put into force after 2008, are now extensively applied; and, more than anything else, the Union aims at a change of paradigm by putting the NextGenerationEU programme at the service of sustainable development (enshrined in the Green Deal).

2. The Competition Law and Institutions of the European Union

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Alison Jones ◽  
Brenda Sufrin ◽  
Niamh Dunne
Keyword(s):  
Competition Law ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Enforcement ◽  
The Public ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
National Competition ◽  
Competition Rules ◽  
The Eu

This chapter sketches the history and functions of the EU and its institutions in order to set the EU competition rules in context. It then describes the competition provisions themselves and outlines the way in which the rules are applied and enforced, including the public enforcement of Articles 101 and 102 under Regulation 1/2003, the control of mergers with a European dimension under Regulation 139/2004, public enforcement by the national competition authorities of the Member States, and the role of private enforcement. It discusses the position and powers of the European Commission, particularly the role of the Competition Directorate General (DG Comp); the powers of the EU Courts; the significance of fundamental rights and the general principles of EU law in competition cases; the application of competition rules to particular sectors of the economy; and the application of the EU rules to the EEA.

scholarly journals Konsekwencje brexitu dla finansów Unii Europejskiej

Studia BAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (67) ◽  
pp. 133-152
Author(s):  
Kamil Kotliński
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
European Central ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Uk ◽  
European Investment ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Budget Revenue

The aim of the article is to identify the consequences of Brexit from the point of view of the EU finances. The first section focuses on the share of member states in the EU budget revenue. The author attempted to estimate the additional contribution of each member state. The second section briefly shows in which EU programmes the UK still takes part. The third section concentrates on the adjustment of the shares in the capital of the European Investment Bank and the European Central Bank to the reduced number of shareholders. The next part discusses the budgetary correction mechanisms as a historical remnant of the British rebate. In the last section the author describes the Brexit Adjustment Reserve, which supports regions and sectors most affected by the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union.

Looking Beyond the Greek Crisis

2017 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Maria Kontochristou
Keyword(s):  
European Monetary Union ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Sovereign Debt Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Media ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
The Eu

The Greek sovereign debt crisis has not only raised concerns about the deficiencies of the European Monetary Union (EMU) and the effects of the Eurozone crisis on member states' politics and administration, but also has challenged the establishment of the Eurozone itself. The crisis has revealed a lack of democratic legitimacy whereas has severely questioned ‘Europeanness'. The chapter examines solidarity as one of the fundamental principles of the European Union (EU) and pylons of the European society and identity. In particular, the chapter discusses the concept of solidarity within the EU and examines the role of discourse at the EU level. Especially, it examines what type of discourse the EU political elites and the media have engendered regarding European solidarity in the case of Greece.

scholarly journals Transparency in EU Trade Policy: A Comprehensive Assessment of Current Achievements

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Marx ◽  
Guillaume Van der Loo
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Public Access ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
The Public ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
The Eu

<p>The EU trade policy is increasingly confronted with demands for more transparency. This article aims to investigate how transparency takes shape in EU trade policy. First, we operationalize the concept of transparency along two dimensions: a process dimension and an actor dimension. We then apply this framework to analysis of EU Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). After analyzing transparency in relation to FTAs from the perspective of the institutional actors (Commission, Council and Parliament), the different instruments and policies that grant the public actors (civil society and citizens) access to information and documents about EU FTAs are explored by discussing Regulation 1049/2001, which provides for public access to European Parliament, Council and Commission documents, and the role of the European Ombudsman. The article is based on an analysis of official documents, assessments in the academic literature and case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The ultimate aim is to assess current initiatives and identify relevant gaps in the EU’s transparency policies. This article argues that the EU has made significant progress in fostering transparency in the negotiation phase of FTAs, but less in the implementation phase.</p>

3. The institutions of the European Union

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-78
Author(s):  
Margot Horspool ◽  
Matthew Humphreys ◽  
Michael Wells-Greco
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Central Bank ◽  
European Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
European Investment Bank ◽  
European Central ◽  
European Investment ◽  
Committee Of The Regions ◽  
The Eu

This chapter discusses the role and composition of the institutions of the EU. These include the European Council, the Council, the Commission, the European Parliament, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the General Court, the Court of Auditors, the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC), the Committee of the Regions (COR), the European Investment Bank and the European Central Bank. This chapter also discusses the EU’s associated bodies or agencies as well as their respective roles and the ways in which they interrelate with the EU institutions.

scholarly journals Euphoric defiance: The role of positive emotions in the British Eurosceptic discourse

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492098572
Author(s):  
Imke Henkel
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Appraisal Theory ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Eu

Ever since Britain voted to leave the European Union, emotions have dominated the public debate. How negative emotions, such as anger, have impacted the Brexit vote, has been widely researched. Less attention has been focused on the role positive emotions played in debating Britain’s relationship to the EU. Using critical discourse analysis and drawing on appraisal theory to investigate the representation of emotions in six sample texts from a corpus of so-called ‘Euromyths’ ( N = 334), this study argues that positive emotions were used to create a myth in Roland Barthes’ sense to naturalise a Eurosceptic ideology of British defiance and power.

scholarly journals Washington, Brussels, and Beijing Consensus

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Balázs Kotosz
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Beijing Consensus ◽  
The World

In the new world financial, economic and nowadays debt crisis, the role of international organizations is in focus again. The financial crisis opens the way for IMF credits and for thinking in the European Union. After the second millenary, a scientific dispute started about the credibility of the Washington Consensus in many parts of the world. A new school emerged around Bruno S. Sergi, Roberto Tamborini, and William T. Bagatelas, who has been speaking about a transition from Washington consensus towards Brussels consensus in the case of Eastern European countries. Sergi carefully and precisely calls for specific and active state directed policy that puts economic transition in Europe in a new dimension. By Bagatelas, specifically, under the EU dimension, development under the new "Brussels Consensus” consists of activist state policies based upon assumptions given the world by Keynes, Schumpeter and supply side beliefs. Empirical studies also proved this structural break in macroeconomic policy. Now, the debate on appropriate economic policy is very active again. As in times of recession, Keynes and Keynesian economics has become popular, but the role of the state (and the international organizations) is sorely ambiguous. Our paper is to compare the Washington and the Brussels consensus from a heterodox point of view, and to find the differences of the two conceptions. Finally, we sketch the controversial concept of Beijing Consensus.

scholarly journals The proportionality of monetary policy as a macro-juristic theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Lauris Bocs
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Private Debt ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Eu

The year 2018 marked the passing of 10 years for attempts of systemic financial instability prevention and according legal regulation reforms in the European Union. The role of monetary policy has increased up to the point that the European Central Bank has established so-called unconventional monetary policies, including unprecedented asset purchase programmes within the public and private debt sector of the EU. Therefore, the aim of the research is to determine the regulations and associated problems for the enforcement of EU law within the EU's financial sector for unified unconventional monetary policies and to give an assessment of possible solutions, especially in relation to the protection of property value. Using descriptive, logical and deductive methodology the paper concludes that monetary policy is a legislative act without the usual constitutional ex ante evaluation, especially for proportionality. Hence, a macro-juristic theory is described to limit the possible risks.

scholarly journals The Changing Role of European Documentation Centres and How ‘Brexit’ Might Affect the Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Watson
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Article 50 ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Eu

AbstractEuropean Documentation Centres (EDCs) are neutral collections of official publications of the European Union, open to the public and normally housed in academic institutions throughout the European Union (EU). EDC status entitles the host organisation to receive one copy of the most significant publications and documents of the EU. The EDC network goes back to 1963, and its primary purpose has always been the support of academic research into European integration. The decision to trigger Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union clearly raises questions about role of the EDCs in the United Kingdom after ‘Brexit’. This article is written by Margaret Watson.

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