Aerobic Biodegradation Coupled to Preliminary Ozonation for the Treatment of Model and Real Residual Water

AbstractDeinking of recycled office (MOW) paper was carried out by using a flotation column and adding separately sodium hydroxide, and the enzyme Cellulase Thricodema Sp., as defibrillators.The de-inked cellulose fibers were characterized according to the standards of the paper industry, to compare the efficiency of the deinking of each chemical reagent used to hydrolyze the fibers and defibrillate them.The computational simulation of the molecular coupling between the enzyme and cellulose was performed, to establish the enzyme-cellulose molecular complex and then to identify the principal amino-acids of endo-β-1,4-D-glucanase in this molecular link, which are responsible for the hydrolysis of the cellulose.Experimental results show the feasibility to replace sodium hydroxide with the enzyme Cellulase Thricodema Sp., by obtaining deinked cellulose with similar optical and physical properties.The use of the enzyme instead of sodium hydroxide avoids the contamination of the residual water; in addition to that, the column is operated more easily, taking into consideration that the pH of the system goes from alkaline to neutral.

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Determination of reservoir rock residual water using X-ray computed microtomography

Neftyanoe khozyaystvo - Oil Industry ◽

10.24887/0028-2448-2018-3-38-42 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 38-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I.V. Yazynina ◽

◽

E.V. Shelyago ◽

A.A. Abrosimov ◽

N.E. Grachev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reservoir Rock ◽

Residual Water ◽

X Ray ◽

Computed Microtomography ◽

X Ray Computed

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JUSTIFICATION OF THE RESIDUAL WATER SATURATION OF THE RESERVOIRS BASED ON THE DATA OF DIRECT CORE STUDIES

Oilfield Engineering ◽

10.30713/0207-2351-2020-9(621)-28-34 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 28-34

Author(s):

I.S. Putilov ◽

◽

I.P. Gurbatova ◽

S.V. Melekhin ◽

M.S. Sergeev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Saturation ◽

Residual Water

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Plastics � Determination of the aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials exposed to seawater

10.3403/30399389u ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Aerobic Biodegradation ◽

Plastic Materials

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Anaerobic/aerobic biodegradation of pentachlorophenol using GAC fluidized bed reactors: optimization of the empty bed contact time

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0581 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 36 (6-7) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gregory J. Wilson ◽

Amid P. Khodadoust ◽

Makram T. Suidan ◽

Richard C. Brenner

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Aerobic Biodegradation ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactors ◽

Reactor Performance ◽

Reactor Operation ◽

Significant Cost ◽

Second Stage ◽

Primary Substrate ◽

Chlorinated Phenolic Compounds

An integrated reactor system has been developed to remediate pentachlorophenol (PCP) containing wastes using sequential anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation. Anaerobically, PCP was degraded to predominately equimolar concentrations (>99%) of monochlorophenol (MCP) in two GAC fluidized bed reactors at Empty Bed Contact Times (EBCTs) ranging from 18.6 to 1.15 hours. However, at lower EBCTs, MCP concentrations decreased to less than 10% of the influent PCP concentration suggesting mineralization. The optimal EBCT was determined to be 2.3 hours based on PCP conversion to MCPs and stable reactor operation. Decreasing the EBCT fourfold did not inhibit degradation of PCP and its intermediates, thus allowing removal of PCP at much lower detention time and resulting in a significant cost advantage. Analytical grade PCP was fed via syringe pumps into two fluidized bed reactors at influent concentrations of 100 mg/l and 200 mg/l, respectively. Acting as the primary substrate, ethanol was also fed into the reactors at concentrations of 697 and 1388 mg/l. Effluent PCP and chlorinated phenolic compounds were analyzed weekly to evaluate reactor performance. Biodegradation pathways were also identified. 3-chlorophenol (CP) was the predominant MCP and varied simultaneously with 3,5-dichlorophenol (DCP) concentrations. Likewise, 4-CP concentrations varied simultaneously with 3,4-DCP concentrations. A second stage aerobic GAC fluidized bed reactor was added after the anaerobic reactor to completely mineralize the remaining MCP and phenols. Data show no presence of phenol and MCP in the effluent or on the GAC. Overall, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) fed to the system was reduced from 75 g/d in the influent to less than 1.5 g/d in the effluent.

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Thermoplastic Blends Based on Poly(Butylene Succinate-co-Adipate) and Different Collagen Hydrolysates from Tanning Industry—II: Aerobic Biodegradation in Composting Medium

Journal of Polymers and the Environment ◽

10.1007/s10924-021-02124-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Roberto Altieri ◽

Maurizia Seggiani ◽

Alessandro Esposito ◽

Patrizia Cinelli ◽

Vitale Stanzione

Keyword(s):

Chemical Characterization ◽

Aerobic Biodegradation ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Biodegradation Rate ◽

Butylene Succinate ◽

Dog Bone ◽

Thermoplastic Blends ◽

Collagen Hydrolysates ◽

By Products ◽

Tanning Industry

AbstractTwo different raw hydrolyzed collagens (HCs), by-products of the Tannery industry, were investigated in blends with a bioplastic, as poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA), for the production of thermoplastic items for possible applications in agriculture. Chemical characterization of selected PBSA/HC blends and phytotoxicity assays on garden cress seeds (Lepidium sativum L.), used as spy species, were carried out; in addition, biodegradation and disintegration of specimens were assessed under controlled composting conditions at different temperature (58 and 25 °C). Although one of the HC investigated released sodium chloride in the aqueous extract, all PBSA/HC blends, up to 20 wt.% HC, resulted no-phytotoxic and showed considerable amounts of macro- and micro- nutrients for plants (mainly nitrogen). Regardless the amount added, HCs enhanced the biodegradation rate of PBSA/HC blends in compost at 58 °C compared to pure PBSA; lowering the temperature at 25 °C, as expected, biodegradation rate slightly lowered using the same compost. Most disintegration tests, performed on dog bone samples, corroborated the results of the biodegradation tests, thus suggesting that plastic mixtures could reasonably end their life cycle in a composting facility without decreasing the quality and the safety of the resulting compost. The outcomes achieved encourage the use of raw collagen hydrolysates from tanning industry in the production of PBSA-based thermoplastic blends to produce compostable items (mulching films and/or plant pots) for more sustainable uses in agriculture and/or plant nurseries. In addition, the use of these low-cost by-products can lower the cost of final product and give it fertilizing properties for plants given the presence of organic nitrogen in the hydrolysates.

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Study on Optimization of Tungsten Ore Flotation Wastewater Treatment by Response Surface Method (RSM)

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11020184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Liping Zhang ◽

Xiaofei Jiao ◽

Shengnian Wu ◽

Xuejing Song ◽

Ruihan Yao

Keyword(s):

Water Glass ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Good Accuracy ◽

Ph Value ◽

Quadratic Equation ◽

Equation Model ◽

Residual Water ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Design Expert ◽

Surface Method

A large amount of collectors, inhibitors and modifiers such as oleic acid, water glass and sodium carbonate are added to the flotation processing of tungsten ore, resulting in the difficulty of the suspended solids (SS) with the residual water glass settling down in the flotation wastewater. The removal efficiency of the suspended solids is low with commonly used reagents like polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM). This paper innovatively applied calcium chloride (CaCl2) to treat flotation wastewater and optimized the dosage of CaCl2, PAM and the pH value. The experimental results showed that when the dosage of 595 mg/L CaCl2 was combined with 21 mg/L PAM at pH 12, the turbidity removal ratio could reach 99.98%, and the residual turbidity of the supernatant was 0.23 NTU. The effluent could fully meet the requirements for reuse in industrial, urban miscellaneous and scenic environment water consumption (turbidity < 5 NTU). The quadratic equation model fitted with Design-Expert 8.0.6 software was constructed as Y = 91.52 + 8.68A + 1.11B − 1.02C − 1.7AB + 0.86AC + 0.06BC − 1.56A2 + 2.09B2 − 1.89C2, which had a good accuracy of the predicted responses versus the experimental data.

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Antiulcerogenic Potential Activity of Free and NanoencapsulatedPassiflora serratodigitataL. Extracts

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/434067 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marc Strasser ◽

Peky Noriega ◽

Raimar Löbenberg ◽

Nádia Bou-Chacra ◽

Elfriede M. Bacchi

Keyword(s):

Entrapment Efficiency ◽

Aqueous Solubility ◽

Residual Water ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Organic Extract ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Potential Activity ◽

Antiulcerogenic Activity ◽

Herbal Formulations

This paper provides evidence that the leaves and stem ofPassiflora serratodigitataL. dry crude extract (DCE), ethylacetate fraction (EAF), and residual water fraction show potential antiulcerogenic activity. Interestingly, the polymeric nanocapsule loaded with EAF had 10-fold more activity than the free EAF. Furthermore, the polymer nanoparticles provided homogeneous colloidal drug delivery systems and allowed overcoming challenges such as poor aqueous solubility as well as the physical-chemical instability of the organic extract, which presented 90% (w/w) of the flavonoid content. The entrapment efficiency of the total flavonoid was 90.6 ± 2.5% (w/v) for the DCE and 79.9 ± 2.7% (w/v) for the EAF. This study shows that nanoencapsulation improves both the physicochemical properties and the efficacy of the herbal formulations. Therefore, free and encapsulated extracts have the potential to be suitable drug design candidates for the therapeutic management of ulcer.

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