scholarly journals Introductory Chapter: Current Studies in Transcriptional Control System; Toward the Establishment of Therapies against Human Diseases

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Uchiumi
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Human Diseases

Prevention of human diseases by an integrated quality control system

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M.A Snijders ◽  
F van Knapen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Control System ◽  
Quality Control System ◽  
Human Diseases

scholarly journals Epilepsy kinase CDKL5 is a DNA damage sensor which controls transcriptional activity at DNA breaks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taran Khanam ◽  
Ivan Muñoz ◽  
Florian Weiland ◽  
Thomas Carroll ◽  
Barbara N Borsos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Childhood Epilepsy ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Kinase Gene ◽  
Damage Sensing ◽  
Active Transcription

Mutation of theCDKL5kinase gene leads to the seizure-prone neurodevelopmental condition CDD (CDKL5 deficiency disorder) and is the most common genetic cause of childhood epilepsy. However, the phospho-targets and roles of CDKL5 are poorly understood, especially in the nucleus. We reveal CDKL5 as a sensor of DNA damage in actively transcribed regions of the nucleus, which phosphorylates transcriptional regulators such as Elongin A (ELOA) on a specific consensus motif. Recruitment of CDKL5 and ELOA to DNA damage sites, and subsequent ELOA phosphorylation, requires both active transcription and synthesis of poly–ADP ribose to which CDKL5 can bind. Critically, CDKL5 is essential for transcriptional control at DNA breaks. Therefore, CDKL5 is a DNA damage-sensing regulator of transcription, with implications for CDKL5-related human diseases.One sentence summaryCDKL5 is a DNA damage-sensing kinase that modulates transcriptional activity near DNA breaks.

scholarly journals Reverse Engineering the Yeast RNR1 Transcriptional Control System

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e13895
Author(s):  
Grace Mao ◽  
James P. Brody
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Transcriptional Control

scholarly journals The CCR4 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for both nonfermentative and spt-mediated gene expression.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
C L Denis ◽  
T Malvar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Control System ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Tata Element ◽  
Adh2 Promoter ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Mutations in the yeast CCR4 gene inhibit expression of the glucose-repressible alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH2), as well as other nonfermentative genes, and suppress increased ADH2 expression caused by the cre1 and cre2 alleles. Both the cre1 and ccr4 alleles were shown to affect ADH II enzyme activity by altering the levels of ADH2 mRNA. Mutations in either CRE1 or CRE2 bypassed the inhibition of ADH2 expression caused by delta insertions at the ADH2 promoter which displace the ADH2 activation sequences 336 bp upstream of the TATA element. These cre1 and cre2 effects were suppressible by the ccr4 allele. The cre1 and ccr4 mutations also affected ADH2 expression when all the ADH2 regulatory sequences upstream of the TATA element were deleted. The relationship of the CRE genes to the SPT genes, which when mutated are capable of bypassing the inhibition of HIS4 expression caused by a delta promoter insertion (his4-912 delta allele), was examined. Both the cre1 and cre2 mutations allowed his4-912 delta expression. ccr4 mutations were able to suppress the ability of the cre alleles to increase his4-912 delta expression. CRE2 was shown to be allelic to the SPT6 gene, and CRE1 was found to be allelic to SPT10. We suggest that the CRE genes comprise a general transcriptional control system in yeast that requires the function of the CCR4 gene.

Experimental Amyloidosis Induced by Immune Complex

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
A. Kawaoi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complex ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Experimental Amyloidosis ◽  
Freund’S Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Immunological Approach ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Numbers of immunological approach have been made to the amyloidosis through the variety of predisposing human diseases and the experimentally induced animals by the greater number of agents. The results suggest an important role of impaired immunity involving both humoral and cell-mediated aspects.Recently the author has succeeded in producing amyloidosis in the rabbits and mice by the injections of immune complex of heat denatured DNA.The aim of this report is to demonstrate the details of the ultrastructure of the amyloidosis induced by heterologous insoluble immune complex. Eleven of twelve mice, dd strain, subcutaneously injected twice a week with Freund's complete adjuvant and four of seven animals intraperitonially injected developed systemic amyloidosis two months later from the initial injections. The spleens were electron microscopically observed.

A controller for safe, convenient operation of LaB6 emitters on electron-beam instruments

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
W. J. Abramson ◽  
H. W. Estry ◽  
L. F. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Control System ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Electron Guns ◽  
Tungsten Filaments ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Main Components

LaB6 emitters are becoming increasingly popular as direct replacements for tungsten filaments in the electron guns of modern electron-beam instruments. These emitters offer order of magnitude increases in beam brightness, and, with appropriate care in operation, a corresponding increase in source lifetime. They are, however, an order of magnitude more expensive, and may be easily damaged (by improper vacuum conditions and thermal shock) during saturation/desaturation operations. These operations typically require several minutes of an operator's attention, which becomes tedious and subject to error, particularly since the emitter must be cooled during sample exchanges to minimize damage from random vacuum excursions. We have designed a control system for LaBg emitters which relieves the operator of the necessity for manually controlling the emitter power, minimizes the danger of accidental improper operation, and makes the use of these emitters routine on multi-user instruments.Figure 1 is a block schematic of the main components of the control system, and Figure 2 shows the control box.

Nutrient-regulated gene expression in eukaryotes

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Reece ◽  
Laila Beynon ◽  
Stacey Holden ◽  
Amanda D. Hughes ◽  
Karine Rébora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
A Cell ◽  
One Step ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

The recognition of changes in environmental conditions, and the ability to adapt to these changes, is essential for the viability of cells. There are numerous well characterized systems by which the presence or absence of an individual metabolite may be recognized by a cell. However, the recognition of a metabolite is just one step in a process that often results in changes in the expression of whole sets of genes required to respond to that metabolite. In higher eukaryotes, the signalling pathway between metabolite recognition and transcriptional control can be complex. Recent evidence from the relatively simple eukaryote yeast suggests that complex signalling pathways may be circumvented through the direct interaction between individual metabolites and regulators of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription. Biochemical and structural analyses are beginning to unravel these elegant genetic control elements.

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